Research on what raises a person's risk of disease and injury. Covers cardiovascular and aneurysm risk, medication in pregnancy, youth behavior, and suicide risk.
Research suggests that pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, and diabetes in pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in later life. Women who experienced early menarche, polycystic ovary syndrome, or low birth weight also showed an increased risk of heart disease.
A prospective study of employment and multiple sclerosis found individuals at risk tend to have progressive disease, fatigue, poorer coping mechanisms, and less MS self-efficacy. The study identified factors and behaviors that may be targeted for interventions to maintain employment.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that individuals with secure attachment styles have neutralized genetic risk factors for PTSD symptoms. The ability to form loving and trusting relationships with others was found to be a strong protective factor against severe PTSD symptoms.
A new study has found that people with Parkinson's disease have a 30% higher risk of dying from COVID-19 compared to those without the condition. The analysis, conducted by researchers at the University of Iowa Health Care, also found that patients with PD were generally older and more likely to be male than those without PD.
A study published in The Lancet Public Health found that modifiable health risks, such as obesity and high blood pressure, account for 27% of US personal health care expenses. These costs are largely driven by five risk factors: overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, poor diet, and smoking.
Black, South Asian, and Aboriginal immigrants are nearly four times more likely to have multiple pre-existing medical conditions that increase the risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Multimorbidity gaps are particularly pronounced among older adults from disadvantaged backgrounds.
A recent study found that caregivers who provided more than 40 hours of care weekly and reported physical strain increased the hospitalization risk among disabled older adults. On the other hand, long-term caregivers were associated with a lower risk of hospitalization.
A large study has confirmed that men with COVID-19 have a 62% increased risk of death compared to women, likely due to higher levels of inflammation. Men also experience more severe symptoms, longer hospital stays, and are more likely to require ICU care.
An observational study examined the risk factors for hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that older age, underlying comorbidities, and low oxygen saturation were associated with increased risk of severe illness.
Researchers used data from seven weeks of COVID-19 patient care to create the 'COVID Inpatient Risk Calculator' (CIRC), which assesses patient risk of disease worsening. The model considers factors like age, BMI, lung health, and vital signs to predict disease progression.
A nationwide study in Sweden found that non-Western immigrants experienced a higher risk of death with each generation born in the country. First-generation immigrants had a survival advantage compared to native Swedes, but this reduced over time and vanished in second-generation immigrants.
Researchers developed a decision tool called the COVID-19 Inpatient Risk Calculator (CIRC) to predict disease trajectory in patients. Older age and obesity are identified as independent risk factors for progression to severe disease or death, according to findings published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
The team will investigate the molecular linkages between aging and Parkinson's, exploring whether decreasing senescence can slow or stop the disease. Genetic predisposition and age are critical factors in defining a person's risk for Parkinson's.
A recent study published in Diabetologia reveals that people with type 1 diabetes have a 33% higher risk of falls compared to the general population, while those with type 2 diabetes face a 19% increased risk. The research also identifies various risk factors for falls and fractures in individuals with diabetes.
Research shows spousal concordance is strongest for behavioral risk factors like diet and physical activity, while pathophysiological factors show weaker concordance. Couples with similar dietary habits and high-intensity exercise tend to have lower type 2 diabetes risk.
A new study from the University of California, Davis links combining fructose and glucose in high fructose corn syrup to increased risk factors for heart disease. The researchers found that the interaction between the two sugars had a more significant impact on health risks than previously thought.
New research found that middle-aged adults with healthier heart habits have a significantly lower risk of developing high blood pressure over the next decade. The study, which included 2,930 Black and white adults, showed a 6% lower risk for each one-point higher Life's Simple 7 score.
Research published in BMJ Open found that 13-year-olds with lower peer group status were at a significantly higher risk of developing circulatory system disease in adulthood. Those who were marginalised had a 33-34% increased risk, while girls who were less popular had a graded association with higher risk.
A new meta-analysis of global evidence found that people with PTSD are up to twice as likely to develop dementia later in life. The study analyzed data from over 1.6 million people and found a significant association between PTSD and increased dementia risk, which may be related to hypervigilance and social withdrawal.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers connects specific hormones present before and after birth with immune response and lifelong immunological disease development. Females are at increased risk for common diseases like asthma, allergies, and irritable bowel syndrome due to their perinatal hormone levels.
Researchers found that the typically 'bad' APOE ε4 variant can also protect against obesity and type 2 diabetes, while the 'good' ε2 variant increases risk of certain conditions. The study's findings provide valuable insights into how the APOE gene impacts health and disease.
Researchers found genetic markers protecting against migraines' chronification, enabling personalized prevention therapies for at-risk individuals. The study identified polymorphisms in the pain receptor TRPV1, which may help detect those prone to chronic migraine.
Patients with severe COVID-19 infections who have high levels of the blood clotting protein factor V are at risk for serious injury from blood clots. Critically ill patients with low levels of factor V appear to be at increased risk for death due to a coagulopathy resembling disseminated intravascular coagulation.
A new study confirms insomnia as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with individuals experiencing a 17% higher likelihood of developing the condition. The research also identifies 15 protective factors, including increased total cholesterol and testosterone levels, which can help inform public health policies to prevent the disease.
A recent study suggests that free, circulating vitamin D levels in the blood may be a better predictor of future health risks in aging men than total vitamin D. The study found that higher levels of free 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with a lower risk of death, while free 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was not predictive of mortality.
Amy Murphy has received funding from the Bureau of Justice Assistance for a Risk-Need-Responsivity project in Maricopa County, Arizona. The RNR tool will help match individuals with services based on their risk and need factors.
Research shows handgrip strength can predict type 2 diabetes risk by 50% per unit increase, with implications for prevention strategies. The finding is marked in women and could be used to identify individuals at high risk.
Research at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) found that people's sense of danger lowers when exposed to smoke, leading to a false sense of security. The most critical factor for evacuation decisions is perceived risk, with increasing perceptions leading to increased likelihood of evacuation.
Researchers have identified 48 significant risk factors for mortality in diabetic patients discharged from hospital, grouped into nine categories. The most common risk factor is age, and co-morbidity burden and BMI are also significant, with heavier individuals at higher risk.
New research challenges assumption that asthma is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 hospitalization and intubation, finding lower prevalence rates among hospitalized patients compared to the general population.
A cardiac biomarker was found to have stronger associations with kidney disease progression than blood pressure in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Higher levels of NTproBNP, urine NGAL, and troponin T were linked to increased rates of CKD progression.
A study from the Danish psychiatry project iPSYCH identified genetic risk factors for developing bipolar disorder and psychoses among people with depression. The results may contribute to ensuring correct diagnosis is made earlier, leading to better treatment outcomes.
Researchers argue that rigid social distancing rules are based on outdated science and oversimplify transmission risks. Experts suggest a more nuanced approach considering activity type, indoor vs outdoor settings, ventilation levels, and face coverings.
A study of over 86,000 Japanese couples found that wives with similar cardiovascular disease risk factors as their husbands are more likely to suffer from the same disorders. The researchers emphasize the importance of considering spouses' health in medical treatment and recommending family-based interventions.
Researchers found that air pollution contributed to a pre-diabetic state similar to eating an unhealthy diet, with effects reversible upon cessation. Living in densely polluted environments may be added as a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases.
Researchers discovered that a person's genetic background can alter the risk of heart disease in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia gene variants. A low polygenic score was found to lower the risk of breast cancer and colorectal cancer in those with high-risk single-gene variants, bringing it closer to the population average.
Researchers found that women who deliver preterm or extremely preterm have a higher risk of dying from any cause, with 1.7-fold and 2.2-fold increased risks compared to full-term deliveries. The excess deaths associated with preterm delivery persist for up to 40 years after birth.
A large study found that antibiotic use, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, is associated with an increased risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its subtypes. The study suggests that perturbing the gut microbiome may impact the risk of gastrointestinal disease.
A recent study analyzed data from over 77,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients to understand the impact of pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors on clinical outcomes. The results show that these patients are more likely to develop cardiovascular complications and die from COVID-19 infection.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital identified social connection and reducing sedentary activities like TV watching as valuable targets for preventing depression. The study found that frequency of confiding in others, visits with family and friends, were strong protective factors against depression risk.
Obesity, as measured by body mass index and abdominal fat content, is associated with an increased risk of heart disease and progression of kidney disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Lower physical fitness levels are also linked to a higher cardiovascular risk.
Research published in BMJ Military Health finds a strong association between heavy class A drug use and sight loss among US military personnel. Those with military experience are more likely to use illicit drugs and report partial or total blindness than civilians.
A retrospective cohort study found obesity was a significant independent risk factor for death from COVID-19. Patients with high BMI were 4 times more likely to die within 21 days of diagnosis compared to those in the normal weight group.
Kurt Beschorner's $1.8M NIOSH grant focuses on measuring friction as a pathway for slip and fall risk in ladder accidents. The research will establish safety guidelines to reduce severe injuries and fatalities in the workplace and at home.
A new study by researchers at Stanford Medicine found that plant-based meat alternatives can improve some cardiovascular risk factors compared to red meat. The study, which used products from Beyond Meat, found lower levels of TMAO in participants who ate plant-based diets.
A new scientific statement from the American Heart Association recommends incorporating dietary screening into routine health care visits. The goal is to assess an individual's total dietary pattern and provide actionable next steps, helping patients set achievable dietary goals.
Researchers identified lung-related factors associated with increased hip fracture risk in smokers, including emphysema and COPD exacerbations. These findings suggest that osteoporosis screening and management decisions should consider lung health in at-risk patients.
The prevalence of gout increased worldwide between 1990 and 2017, reaching approximately 41.2 million cases in 2017. High body mass index and impaired kidney function were identified as key risk factors for the disease.
A large international study identified key genetic contributors to stroke risk in individuals of African ancestry, providing insight into ethnic-specific and global risk factors. The study found that a common variation near the HNF1A gene was strongly associated with increased stroke risk.
Experts identify 12 modifiable risk factors that can be targeted throughout life to delay or prevent dementia. The report highlights the potential for preventive measures to reduce dementia risk, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers have identified measurable Alzheimer's risk factors in adolescents and young adults, emphasizing the need for early interventions targeting heart health and education. Studies found that high blood pressure, diabetes, and poor educational quality are associated with worse late-life cognition, particularly in African Americans.
A new report from the Lancet Commission identifies 12 modifiable risk factors that can delay or prevent 40% of dementia cases. These include reducing excessive alcohol intake, limiting air pollution, and promoting physical activity throughout life.
A new study found that while overall US cardiac death rates declined between 1999 and 2017, the pace of decline slowed significantly since 2011. County-level disparities in premature cardiac deaths have grown, with out-of-hospital deaths increasing and socioeconomic factors playing a key role.
A new study analyzing 40 years of Framingham Heart Study data found an association between lowered rates of hip fractures and decreases in smoking and heavy drinking. The study suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors may be beneficial to bone health, along with treatments.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors who switched to high-deductible health plans did not experience an increased risk of heart attack or stroke. The researchers attributed this finding to the inclusion of low or no out-of-pocket costs for medications and p...
A new study reveals significant increases in premenopausal breast cancer rates globally, particularly in higher-income nations like Canada. The study also finds that postmenopausal breast cancer is increasing more rapidly in lower-income countries, often due to adopting Western lifestyles and lack of early screening.
A recent study found that crowded housing, dirty air, and occupational factors contribute to the high risk of COVID-19 infections and death among Latinos in the US. The study's findings suggest tailored interventions aimed at keeping Latino communities healthy and safe
A new University of Toronto study found that individuals with suboptimal mental health died on average 4.7 months earlier than those in excellent mental health. The study, which followed 12,424 adult Canadians from 1994 to 2011, also identified key factors associated with premature mortality.
Acute aortic syndrome is a life-threatening condition with a high risk of misdiagnosis. The new Canadian guideline provides recommendations for identifying patients at low, moderate, and high risk, as well as diagnostic strategies for each group.
Research identified 21 evidence-based suggestions for preventing Alzheimer's disease, with a focus on vascular risk factors and lifestyle modifications. Targeting factors such as cognitive activity, high blood pressure, depression, diabetes, and stress may help reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.