Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A large-scale study found that air pollution is associated with an increased risk of progressive and irreversible sight loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Higher exposure to fine particulate matter was linked to a higher risk of AMD, while other pollutants were associated with changes in retinal structure.
Patients undergoing aortic surgery are at high risk of developing intraoperative pressure injuries due to increased incidence compared to other cardiac surgeries. Nurses should thoroughly assess risk and implement preventative interventions for high-risk patients.
A longitudinal study of 4,501 college students found that those who developed chronic fatigue syndrome after infectious mononucleosis had more physical symptoms and immune irregularities at baseline. Researchers also discovered that emotional functioning and psychological states were not statistically different from those who recovered.
A new biomarker of insulin resistance tied to a 600 percent increase in risk of premature coronary heart disease has been discovered. Women under 55 with type-2 diabetes have a tenfold greater risk of having CHD over the next two decades, according to the study published in JAMA Cardiology.
Research suggests that primary care physicians play a smaller role in high-value spending than previously thought, with most PCPs contributing less than 9% of low-value spending per patient. Genetic testing is also limited in predicting disease in healthy individuals, highlighting the need for caution in its use as a preventive tool.
Researchers are investigating whether changing mealtimes to earlier or later in the day can reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The study, led by Dr Denise Robertson and Professor Jonathan Johnston, aims to explore the impact on participants' blood pressure, waist and hip circumferences, and food preferences.
A recent study found that patients taking metformin before COVID-19 diagnosis had a threefold decrease in mortality. The study also suggests that metformin's anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects may be responsible for this benefit.
Researchers found that work addiction risk is strongly associated with high job demands, but not job control. This can lead to depression, sleep disorders, and stress. Women are also more likely to experience work addiction risk than men.
A study examining national register data from Denmark found individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of suicide attempts and completion compared to those without ASD. Potential risk factors for suicidal behavior in individuals with ASD were identified in the research.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found a potential link between opioid use and increased risk of pancreatic cancer. The study, which analyzed data from 1999-2016, suggests that opioid consumption may be an unidentified risk factor contributing to the rising incidence of pancreatic cancer in the US.
Researchers at the University of Maryland found higher rates of West Nile virus-infected mosquitoes in lower-income neighborhoods in urban Baltimore, Maryland. This preliminary data points to a need for more research to inform policy and programs that can protect the health of those most at risk.
A Finnish study of 1,449 participants found that those with better midlife heart health scores had a lower risk of dementia later in life. Maintaining lifelong cardiovascular health behaviors may reduce dementia risk, according to the findings.
The new risk calculator estimates mortality risk for individuals and communities, considering sociodemographic info and medical history. The tool will help public health authorities prioritize vaccination for high-risk groups, such as those with preexisting conditions or from vulnerable ethnic backgrounds.
Researchers identified several key risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in US patients with COVID-19, including older age, comorbidities, and lower oxygen saturation. The study analyzed data from over 2,000 hospitalizations to provide insights into the factors that contribute to high-risk patient outcomes.
The global burden of cardiovascular disease is steadily rising, with nearly doubled cases from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019. The majority of CVD deaths globally were ischemic heart disease and stroke, increasing steadily over the past three decades.
A new study found that individuals with longer durations of obesity are at a higher risk for cardiometabolic disease factors. The duration of obesity exposure between ages 10 and 40 years was associated with worse values for blood pressure, cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin (blood sugar) measurements.
A randomized trial found that higher doses of vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce the risk of falls in older adults with elevated fall risk and low vitamin D levels. In contrast, some analyses suggested that higher doses may increase the risk of serious falls and hospitalization.
The American Heart Association recommends using existing data in electronic health records to adjust health targets and provide better preventive care. Improving the nation's cardiovascular health requires reinforcing prevention efforts and leveraging expertise from multidisciplinary healthcare professionals.
A systematic review published in Annals of Internal Medicine confirms health disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among Black and Hispanic populations, attributing the disparity to increased risk of exposure and transmission. The study highlights the need for targeted efforts to reduce exposure to the virus in vulnerable populations.
A large-scale study found that genetics contribute to most cases of extremely large or small birth weights in full-term babies. However, the role of genetics was less significant in the smallest three per cent of babies, suggesting other factors such as placental health may be involved.
A large observational study found that replacing red meat with high-quality plant foods like beans and nuts reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. Substituting whole grains, dairy products, and eggs for red meat also yields lower CHD risk.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield discovered a genetic risk factor for MND in non-coding DNA that can be targeted by SynCav1, potentially halting or preventing disease progression. The study built on patient data from Project MinE and could lead to personalized medicine for MND patients.
New research by BIDMC sheds light on genetic risk factors that make individuals more or less susceptible to severe COVID-19. The study identifies two regions of the human genome linked to disease severity and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
A recent genetic study has identified DNA variants in ZNF831, FTO, MECOM, FGF5, and SH2B3 genes as risk factors for pre-eclampsia, increasing the risk by 10-15%. The study also highlights the importance of inherited predisposition to hypertension and obesity in the development of pre-eclampsia.
The USPSTF recommends offering behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity among adults with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Adults who adhere to national guidelines have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and death compared to those who do not.
The new 'green Med' diet contains more plant-based foods, green tea, and Mankai (duckweed) than the traditional version. After six months, those on the green Med diet lost more weight, had lower waist circumference, and improved cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors.
A new study found that climate warming increases infectious disease risk in cooler-climate species, while reducing the risk for species from warmer climates. Small-bodied pathogens have a greater tolerance to temperature fluctuations than larger hosts.
A new toolkit developed by Brigham and Women's Hospital has significantly reduced falls and fall-related injuries among hospitalized patients. The toolkit, which engages patients and families in fall prevention strategies, was associated with a 15% reduction in falls and a 34% reduction in injurious falls.
Researchers found that people with Type 2 diabetes still have a 21% higher risk for cardiovascular disease and 31% higher risk for heart failure hospitalization. Optimizing five key cardiovascular risk factors can help reduce this impact, according to the American Heart Association.
A study of 1038 mother-child pairs found that cumulative early life risk factors cumulatively predict increased indicators of adiposity and metabolic risk markers. Children with more risk factors had a higher risk of overweight or obesity and metabolic risk in early adolescence.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London used Mendelian Randomization to investigate cardiovascular risk factors and COVID-19 infection. Individuals with high BMI and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are at increased risk of getting COVID-19, according to the study.
A new report from The Lancet Commission on Diabetes highlights the need for evidence-based interventions to close the gap in diabetes prevention and care. Implementing six key components can reduce cardiovascular-renal events by up to 40% and prevent premature deaths.
A study of 444 patients in Sweden found that prescription physical activity improved weight, blood pressure, and quality of life, particularly among those with low initial activity levels. Continuous support and individualized treatment were crucial for maintaining gains over two years.
Researchers found that early-life air pollution and smoking increase risk of chronic bronchitis and irreversible airflow limitation. Early life events are key to maintaining lung health in adulthood, highlighting the importance of early prevention.
A new study from Penn Medicine researchers found that early and repeated exposures to diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays and CT scans, may increase the risk of testicular cancer. The study suggests that reduced medically unnecessary testicular exposure could be considered to reduce radiation dose and optimize shielding practices.
A recent study published at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020 found that U.S.-born Black women have a higher risk of developing preeclampsia compared to Black women who immigrated to the country. The study analyzed data from nearly 4,000 Black women in Boston and found that foreign-born Black women had a 26% low...
Researchers investigated changes in rates and risk factors for vision-threatening eye infections related to IV drug use. Over a decade, US hospitalizations for these infections increased, with notable risks among young adults and those with underlying health conditions.
A study published in the International Journal of Stroke found that COVID-19 patients who develop stroke are on average 4.8 years older than those who do not. Pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and coronary artery disease also increase the risk.
A study led by UC Riverside found that 55% of respondents with advanced MS experienced some form of mistreatment, including emotional abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, battering, and sexual assault. The researchers identified risk factors such as primary caregiving responsibilities and lower levels of social support.
A study of over 5,000 couples found that nearly all shared unhealthy habits, such as low-quality diet and inadequate exercise. The vast majority fell into the non-ideal category for cardiovascular health, with most sharing these behaviors. Improving one partner's health may positively impact their loved one.
Higher serum creatinine-to-cystatin C ratios are associated with lower mortality rates in patients initiating continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury. This simple tool may improve mortality risk assessment in critically ill patients developing AKI.
A new risk model has been developed to estimate a person's likelihood of becoming infected and seriously ill due to COVID-19. The QCovid model uses various factors such as age, ethnicity, and existing medical conditions to provide a nuanced assessment of risk.
A new study emphasizes the importance of suicide prevention in the COVID-19 era, highlighting both pandemic-specific and prepandemic risk factors. The authors stress the need for a multifaceted approach to address these risks, leveraging political will and federal investments to support vulnerable populations.
The study provides new data on health in 204 countries and territories, revealing a perfect storm of rising chronic diseases and public health failures. Key findings include low life expectancy in the USA, high rates of cardiovascular deaths and obesity, and increasing mortality rates among adults aged 25-34 years.
A 30-year global study reveals that chronic illness and related risk factors like obesity, high blood sugar, and outdoor air pollution have fueled coronavirus deaths. People are living more years in poor health, despite treatment advancements, with stagnant life expectancy in many countries.
A study found that 14.6% of UK patients with new opioid prescriptions became long-term users, with risk factors including age, social deprivation, and history of self-harm or substance abuse. The study calls for safer prescribing practices to avoid addiction epidemics.
Women aged 50 or younger with a heart attack face higher mortality rates compared to their male counterparts. The study found that women were less likely to undergo invasive procedures after admission and to be treated with certain medications upon discharge.
A new study finds that being male, unmarried, and from low/middle-income countries significantly increases the risk of dying from COVID-19. The research also shows a higher mortality rate for those with lower education and income levels, as well as living in urban areas.
Certain internal and external factors increase adolescent suicidal behavior risk, including poor coping, smartphone abuse, and mental health history in parents. Reframing with meaningful life, adequate nutrition, and positive relationships can reduce the risk.
A study found that psychosocial resilience is positively associated with cardiovascular health among Black adults, independent of neighborhood context. Higher psychosocial resilience scores were linked to a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease, even in neighborhoods with high rates of heart disease and stroke.
Research suggests that pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, and diabetes in pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in later life. Women who experienced early menarche, polycystic ovary syndrome, or low birth weight also showed an increased risk of heart disease.
A prospective study of employment and multiple sclerosis found individuals at risk tend to have progressive disease, fatigue, poorer coping mechanisms, and less MS self-efficacy. The study identified factors and behaviors that may be targeted for interventions to maintain employment.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that individuals with secure attachment styles have neutralized genetic risk factors for PTSD symptoms. The ability to form loving and trusting relationships with others was found to be a strong protective factor against severe PTSD symptoms.
A new study has found that people with Parkinson's disease have a 30% higher risk of dying from COVID-19 compared to those without the condition. The analysis, conducted by researchers at the University of Iowa Health Care, also found that patients with PD were generally older and more likely to be male than those without PD.
A study published in The Lancet Public Health found that modifiable health risks, such as obesity and high blood pressure, account for 27% of US personal health care expenses. These costs are largely driven by five risk factors: overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, poor diet, and smoking.
Black, South Asian, and Aboriginal immigrants are nearly four times more likely to have multiple pre-existing medical conditions that increase the risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Multimorbidity gaps are particularly pronounced among older adults from disadvantaged backgrounds.
A recent study found that caregivers who provided more than 40 hours of care weekly and reported physical strain increased the hospitalization risk among disabled older adults. On the other hand, long-term caregivers were associated with a lower risk of hospitalization.
A large study has confirmed that men with COVID-19 have a 62% increased risk of death compared to women, likely due to higher levels of inflammation. Men also experience more severe symptoms, longer hospital stays, and are more likely to require ICU care.
An observational study examined the risk factors for hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that older age, underlying comorbidities, and low oxygen saturation were associated with increased risk of severe illness.
Researchers used data from seven weeks of COVID-19 patient care to create the 'COVID Inpatient Risk Calculator' (CIRC), which assesses patient risk of disease worsening. The model considers factors like age, BMI, lung health, and vital signs to predict disease progression.