A new study led by Katharine McBride explores the perspectives of 28 Aboriginal women from five different communities across central and southern Australia, identifying 10 attributes that either keep or put their heart at risk. These include identity as an Aboriginal woman, healthy body and life, connectedness within family and communi...
A recent study led by LSU Health researchers discovered a reciprocal interaction between GABA and endocannabinoids in the brain, which accelerates the breakdown of molecules regulating brain cell communication. This imbalance is linked to neurological disorders and may be targeted for therapy.
Researchers achieved rapid development of effective vaccines against COVID-19, highlighting the collaboration between scientists and governments. However, this unprecedented speed revealed alarming fissures between science and policy makers.
A new diagnostic tool allows for the visualization of catalysts in three dimensions, enabling researchers to study complex chemical reactions and improve materials. The technique, operando X-ray spectroscopy, provides detailed information on the structure and function of active catalysts.
Researchers developed SuperNova2, an enhanced version of phototoxic protein SuperNova, for localized oxidative stress and molecular biology tasks. The new protein displays high speed and completeness of maturation, making it suitable for various applications.
WSU researchers create a microbial fuel cell system that substitutes for oxygen in wastewater treatment, removing contaminants at comparable rates. The system generates electricity while cleaning water, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional methods.
A research team in South Korea developed a self-healing colorless polyimide material that can repair cracks and damaged functions without high-temperature heat. The material, created by mixing linseed oil-loaded microcapsules with silicone, offers advantages such as accelerated healing process and local damage repair at room temperature.
Researchers found that targeting the fas protein can prevent cancer cells from escaping immunotherapies, leading to longer-lasting positive responses and improved survival rates. By combining immunotherapies with small molecule inhibitors, bystander tumor cell killing may be potentiated to eliminate antigen-loss variants.
A new analysis of global data reveals that fertilizer pollution in streams and rivers can lead to increased growth across the food web, including algae, insects, and fish. The study suggests regulators should expand their view beyond algal responses to reduce nutrient runoff.
Researchers found that surface mechanical attrition treatment improves magnesium's corrosion resistance, making it suitable for biocompatible implants. The process reduces the rate of decomposition and increases the material's strength.
A recent study found that female COVID-19 patients experience less severe complications due to stronger immune responses triggered by their X chromosome-linked genes. Women's immune systems are enhanced by the presence of Toll-like receptor seven, allowing them to better tolerate virus infections.
Two new studies provide insights into preventing workplace accidents and injuries by analyzing human error and cognitive processes. Researchers have developed an error-detection framework that computes the likelihood of human error in occupational settings.
A study found that kangaroos gazed at humans when trying to access food in a closed box, using gazes to communicate instead of opening the box. The research also revealed that nine out of 11 kangaroos showed gaze alternations between the box and human.
A new study assesses the implications of genetic testing for marketing strategy and research, highlighting potential uses and misuses of genetic data. The authors raise concerns about unique features of genetic data, including individual identification and predictive power, that may threaten consumer autonomy and privacy.
A survey of over 1,600 people found that neurotic individuals reported more negative feelings and greater emotional variability during the pandemic. The study suggests that personality traits can play a significant role in coping with crisis situations.
Researchers discovered a link between antibodies and aggressive lung rejection, and found targeting B cells and interleukin-6 can reduce fibrosis and rejection. This approach may lead to personalized therapies for patients with chronic rejection.
The Stand Up To Cancer initiative will fund a 'Dream Team' of researchers and public awareness campaigns to increase screenings in medically underserved communities. The goal is to develop better approaches to colorectal cancer interception and make the disease preventable with simple tests, while addressing health disparities.
A new Harvard University study analyzes 400,000 people's mobility patterns to predict homicides in cities like New York City, Houston, and Chicago. The research highlights the impact of triple disadvantage neighborhoods, which combine economic conditions with cross-neighborhood ties.
Researchers developed a molecule that regulates copper circulation in the brain, extracting trapped copper from amyloid plaques. Administered to Alzheimer's mice, it inhibits memory loss and has shown promise in non-transgenic models closest to human reality.
Researchers found a gene cluster in Vibrio cholerae that helps the bacteria acquire unique traits needed to become pandemic strains. The discovery sheds light on how environmental strains of V. cholerae evolve into deadly pathogens.
A study found that moderate temperature increases break down SARS-Cov-2 virus-like particles on surfaces, while humidity has little impact. This degradation suggests a potential surge in COVID-19 infections during winter months.
Researchers at Aalto University have designed an ultra-thin material that creates elusive Majorana quantum states, which could be key to making topological qubits. The team successfully trapped electrons together in a two-dimensional material, overcoming the challenge of noise tolerance in quantum computing.
Wildfire smoke aerosolizes bacteria and fungi from burning materials, potentially infecting people who breathe in the plumes. Researchers argue that public health sciences must expand their focus to include the impact of microbial cargo on human populations
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a new mechanism for the formation of bastnèsite, a rare earth-bearing mineral essential for low-carbon energy generation and smart devices. The discovery has important economic implications due to the high demand for rare earth elements and their limited availability.
A new study published in Nature Communications used brain imaging techniques to examine how people purge thoughts from their working memory. The researchers found that 'clear' and 'replace' strategies led to faster forgetting, while 'suppress' was more effective for making room for new information.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in predicting epilepsy seizures using brain implant data, identifying weekly-to-monthly cycles of 'brain irritability' that predict higher likelihood of seizures. The study's findings could enable patients to plan their lives around high or low seizure risk, avoiding potentially dangerous situations.
A study by researchers at the University of Vermont found that 26% of people visiting parks during early COVID-19 months had rarely visited nature in the previous year. Park users reported increased importance for these areas and access to them, with 81% saying access was very important.
A three-year international project is investigating how political issues are framed to influence public opinion. The study will analyze the emergence of frames in various areas of political debate, including trade, immigration, and global health.
A Rutgers study found that two-fifths of commercial fishermen did not fish earlier this year due to market disruptions, while nearly all reported a decline in income compared to previous years. Some species, like squid and scallops, saw decreased catch, while others, such as black sea bass and haddock, maintained or increased their catch.
The use of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors significantly increased in France during the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating a shift in treatment priorities. This surge in demand was likely driven by the pandemic's impact on eye care and the need for effective treatments.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found a link between autoantibodies and lung fibrosis progression in systemic sclerosis patients. The researchers discovered that osteopontin, a protein previously implicated in fibrosis, may be responsible for triggering lung scarring.
A new AI-powered microscope can rapidly image large tissue sections with cellular resolution, potentially during surgery, to find the answer. The DeepDOF microscope uses deep learning to train a computer algorithm to optimize image collection and post-processing.
A recent study reported a significant drop in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite resuming full operations, new patient monthly LDCT rates remained low, and patients were more likely to miss appointments, increasing the no-show rate from 15% to 40%. This led to a rise in m...
A reliable COVID-19 test developed by Anglia Ruskin University professor Stephen Bustin could reduce virus spread by cutting false negatives and delivering faster results. The Cov2-ID test targets three viral genes, achieving 100% accurate results from nearly 30 patient samples.
Researchers use DNA analysis to determine that all 44 tusks came from forest elephants residing in West Africa, revealing the geographic origins and habitats of these endangered species. The study provides a framework for examining vast collections of historic ivory, offering insights into modern wildlife conservation.
A study found that herbivorous insects from lower elevations can alter alpine plant communities when introduced to higher elevations, leading to changes in biomass structure and composition. This disruption can favor the growth of small-stature plant species.
Researchers at UC Berkeley develop a new catalytic process converting polyethylene plastic into high-value adhesives, enhancing its stickiness without compromising other traits. This breakthrough could change the economics of turning waste into valuable products.
A new technology that can quickly remove and destroy hazardous PFAS compounds from soil and groundwater has been developed by a team of scientists at the University of Rhode Island. The process, called XCT OxyZone, uses a combination of a sugar molecule and chemical oxidation to break down the compounds.
A major new study will investigate the impact of intravenous iron treatment on maternal and newborn health in low-income countries, addressing anaemia prevention, growth development and breastfeeding rates. The two-year trial aims to compare single-dose intravenous iron treatments with oral iron supplements.
Researchers have developed a new nanomaterial from the silk of the Tetranychus lintearius mite, which has promising biomedical properties. The material is biocompatible, biodegradable, and able to penetrate human cells without damage, making it ideal for use in pharmacology and biomedicine.
Researchers are tracking black carbon from West Coast wildfires to study its impact on the global carbon cycle and global warming. The first flush of carbon and nutrients from burned land has been captured for the first time, revealing a previously unknown pathway in the chain that connects fire-derived black carbon to the deep ocean.
Researchers are developing new classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a life-threatening autoimmune disorder, to improve its diagnosis and treatment. The new criteria will help identify patients most likely to have APS, allowing for high-quality research and better prevention and treatment options.
A study published in Nursing Outlook found that nurse practitioners significantly reduced costs and improved patient safety in six long-term care facilities in Quebec, with cost savings ranging from $1.9 to $3.2 million. The introduction of nurse practitioners also led to a reduction in nursing administration time for medications.
A new device, ECaBox, will resuscitate eyes from deceased body donors for clinical research purposes. The device will maintain the eye's temperature and pH levels while providing cells with oxygen and nutrients.
Researchers have discovered that ocean anoxic zones, which lack dissolved oxygen, are teeming with life and play a crucial role in the Earth's carbon cycle. The study found that microbes can still eat organic carbon but respiring sulfate, known as cryptic sulfur cycling, leading to more organic carbon deposits in sediments.
A new computational model reveals how the brain maintains short-term information using specific types of neurons, including inhibitory neurons. Good working memory requires long-timescale neurons to be prevalent and strong connections between these neurons.
A UBC study found that a combination of good planning, strong leadership, and a focus on safety contributed to a long-term care facility's success in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks. However, the study also highlighted growing levels of staff stress and dissatisfaction with staffing levels.
Researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and UNED used big data and physics research to analyze Beethoven's metronomic marks. The study found that conductors tend to play slower than indicated, with a systematic deviation, which could be explained by the composer reading the metronome incorrectly.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine shows that MEK inhibitors can stimulate PAX6 expression in the eye of mice with aniridia, partially normalizing their eye development. Researchers also found that topical administration of the drug enhanced PAX6 and cleared corneas, allowing mice to see better.
A team from University of Bonn observed a 50 million light year long gas filament, confirming the structure predicted by computer simulations. The findings suggest that more than half of matter in the universe is hidden in filaments.
A landmark study by researchers from the SWOG Cancer Research Network has found that 2.8 percent of cancer patients develop osteonecrosis of the jaw within three years of starting zoledronic acid treatment. The study, which followed 3,491 patients over three years, also identified risk factors and impact on quality of life.
Scientists at Incheon National University investigated the impact of crosslinker length on anion-exchange membrane fuel cell performance. They found that excessive crosslinker length can compromise properties, but optimal lengths improve AEMs' hydrophilicity and conductivity.
Researchers at the University of Maryland found higher rates of West Nile virus-infected mosquitoes in lower-income neighborhoods in urban Baltimore, Maryland. This preliminary data points to a need for more research to inform policy and programs that can protect the health of those most at risk.
A multidisciplinary coalition proposes a framework for field trials of gene drive organisms to ensure safe, transparent, and publicly accountable implementation. The core commitments address fair partnership and transparency, product efficacy and safety, regulatory evaluation and risk/benefit assessment, and monitoring and mitigation.
Researchers at UCI have discovered a way to control the hierarchical assembly and optical properties of reflectin, a protein that gives squids and octopuses their color-changing abilities. This breakthrough could lead to innovations in optics, electronics, and medicine.
Research finds that goal striving stress is linked to progressive kidney disease in African Americans, with higher levels of stress increasing the risk. The study, published in the Journal of Investigative Medicine, suggests that traditional risk factors only partially explain this disparity.
Researchers found a significant increase in depression, anxiety, PTSD, and psychological distress among COVID-19 affected populations. Healthcare workers experienced higher rates of insomnia without corresponding increases in other symptoms, posing long-term mental health concerns.
A blanket ban on landing thresher sharks has stopped targeted fishing, but persistent 'bycatch' continues to be a problem. The study found that bycatch is widely unrecorded due to mistrust and confusion among fishers, making it hard for authorities to enforce the ban.
Researchers at the National Eye Institute discovered a brain region, superior temporal sulcus (fSTS), crucial for processing and making decisions about visual information. This finding could provide clues to treating visual conditions from stroke.
Researchers uncover ancient elephant migration routes and habitats through shipwrecked ivory analysis, challenging previous expectations of African elephant distribution. The study provides insights into the impact of the ivory trade on elephant populations and offers potential for tracing illicit ivory sources.