Ezogabine, an antiepileptic drug, has been shown to reduce motor neuron excitability in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The study's findings could lead to the development of new therapies for ALS and establish the use of neuron excitability metrics as valuable biomarkers.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a new class of magnetic materials that enable faster information transfer. They were able to transmit and process information in a standard antiferromagnetic insulator at room temperature over long distances, raising the prospect of ultra-fast spintronic devices.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have mapped the physical organization of cells in the spinal cord that help mediate critical sensorimotor reflexes. The study found that different neurons in the same space had the same function, while more similar neurons located in different areas were responsible for different reflexes.
Researchers created maps of where brines are most likely to be found on Mars by considering global weather patterns and multiple phase changes. Favorable conditions for stable brines are mostly in mid- to high-northern latitudes, large impact craters in the southern hemisphere, and shallow subsurface near the equator.
Research found that social advertising is more effective for products that carry status, such as clothing and car manufacturers. In contrast, search goods like electronics and batteries showed no significant improvement. The study used a large-scale field experiment involving over 37 million users of the WeChat social network.
Researchers at Skidmore College are developing a unique musical scale for each element based on its spectral signature, allowing students to visualize atomic structures through sound. The project has led to collaborations with Carnegie Hall and London-based DJs, creating soundscapes from celestial data.
A new UCLA-led study reveals that older patients who undergo emergency surgeries on their surgeon's birthday have a 23% higher mortality rate compared to those treated on other days. The study, published in the BMJ, suggests that surgeons may be more distracted on their birthdays than other days.
The carbon dioxide fertilization effect has declined globally since 1982, impacting climate change projections. This decline is linked to changes in nutrient concentrations and soil water availability.
Researchers discovered a unique evolutionary event in which an antibacterial enzyme in ticks protects them from bacteria on human skin while allowing the Borrelia burgdorferi bacterium to thrive. The ticks acquired this gene 40 million years ago through horizontal gene transfer.
Researchers found that biodiversity hotspots like the Amazon rainforest are formed through gradual accumulation of species over time, while coldspots provide more opportunities for rapid diversification. This study reveals a paradox in diversity formation, challenging previous assumptions.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have identified a potential therapy for calcific aortic valve disease, which affects millions of Americans. The new drug candidate has shown promise in correcting the underlying network that leads to calcification and hardening of the valves.
The article emphasizes the importance of scientific rigor in COVID-19 research, recommending study designs and methodologies that promote replicability and reliability. By adopting these recommendations, researchers can increase confidence in their findings and contribute to evidence-based decision-making.
Researchers from Cleveland Clinic note that COVID-19 can affect the central nervous system, causing disorders such as ischemic stroke, encephalitis, and epileptic seizures. The virus enters the brain through the blood-brain barrier or nasal cavity, triggering a cytokine storm that leads to inflammation and damage.
A new species, Tegula kusairo, has been identified from the edible marine snail genus Tegula, distinct from the common T. xanthostigma. The two species differ in shell color, habitat usage patterns, and geographical distribution.
A study found that George's Marvellous Medicine contains 34 toxic ingredients, including engine oil and antifreeze, which can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, heart rhythm problems, kidney injury, convulsions, and stomach damage. Researchers advise parents to be cautious and check medicinal ingredients for potential toxicity before use.
Researchers at FEFU Medical Center propose a new treatment protocol for severe spasticity after spinal cord injury, exploring the use of spinal cord stimulation and Intrathecal Baclofen infusion pumps. The study showed improved motor functions in patients with implanted Baclofen pumps, suggesting a promising approach for rehabilitation.
A study published in Science finds that cold environments like deserts and mountaintops are more likely to host new species than tropical regions like the Amazon rainforest. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that diversity hotspots exist in warm, humid areas.
A UCI and UCSD study found that patients using automated kiosks in their workplaces had better prescription pickup rates without sacrificing pharmacist instruction. The kiosk saved the pharmacy $12,000 annually by increasing patient adherence to prescribed medications.
Developed by Chinese scientists, this lateral flow immunoassay can detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in under an hour with a limit of detection of 500 copies/mL. The test kit has been commercialized and received regulatory approval for its use as an on-site diagnostic tool.
A recent study by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) reveals that most mail-order prescriptions are shipped outside the recommended temperature range for extended periods during both winter and summer months. This can lead to medication effectiveness being compromised, posing a risk to patient safety.
A recent study published by The Endocrine Society found that consuming drinks with sucrose can lead to lower levels of appetite-regulating hormones compared to glucose. The researchers discovered that individual characteristics, such as body weight and sex, also affect hormone responses to different types of sugar.
Researchers found non-pharmacological interventions such as fan therapy and bilevel ventilation to be effective in improving breathlessness in patients with advanced cancer. In contrast, medications like opioids had limited impact on symptom relief.
A team of scientists proposes using fleets of commercial shipping vessels to detect and forecast tsunami waves. The network of ships would utilize GPS sensors to monitor the shoreline for potential surges in less than 10 minutes, providing a significant advance warning to people on shore.
The article examines how COVID-19 exacerbates racial and ethnic disparities among communities of color, who face limited access to healthcare and education. Counselors can use cultural considerations, crisis management, and creative interventions to address the needs of these clients.
A new magnetic memory device based on spintronics has been developed to enhance the energy efficiency of SOT-MRAM. The device uses ultrathin iron germanium telluride material that switches from a hard magnet to a soft magnet when a small current is applied.
Scientists investigate how moisture in sand affects sound travel across beaches, shedding light on factors influencing long-range sound propagation. The findings will help develop numerical models describing how sound travels through coastal areas, accounting for various environmental factors.
Resusci Annie is a plaster death mask created from an unknown woman found in the River Seine in 19th century Paris. Her face has been used in CPR training for over 50 years, helping to save an estimated 2.5 million lives, and inspiring songs like Michael Jackson's Smooth Criminal.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University create soft robotic fingers with integrated sensing mechanisms using multimaterial 3D printing, enabling controlled grasping and manipulation of objects. The design features a self-powered sensor that requires no energy supply, expanding the possibilities for robots in human care and interaction.
Researchers have discovered two new, compact Cas9 nucleases that can work in human cells and may expand the toolbox for genome editing. The new nucleases have relatively short PAMs, making them suitable for delivery via adeno-associated viral vectors.
Researchers identified several key risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in US patients with COVID-19, including older age, comorbidities, and lower oxygen saturation. The study analyzed data from over 2,000 hospitalizations to provide insights into the factors that contribute to high-risk patient outcomes.
Researchers at FAU and Harbor Branch Institute will investigate the short- and long-term health effects of exposure to harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Florida. The study aims to measure HAB toxins in environmental samples, human tissues, and assess potential health impacts on individuals infected with COVID-19.
Former UNFCCC leaders call for effective implementation, ambitious targets, and concrete strategies to avoid dangerous climate change and meet the 1.5°C temperature increase threshold
A study of 31 older adults found that acceptable noise levels in restaurants vary, with even those considered 'age-friendly' being too loud. The researchers suggest that restaurants can create more comfortable environments for customers, leading to increased patronage and revenue.
Researchers developed 'Reactive Video', a system that adapts video playback to mirror the position of a viewer's body and matches speed to their movements. This technology helps novice viewers learn new skills more accurately and reduces physical strain, making it ideal for fitness videos and instructional content.
Artificial Chemist 2.0 enables rapid quantum dot synthesis and analysis using AI-driven robotic systems, identifying optimal materials and formulations in under an hour. The technology accelerates R&D and manufacturing, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Researchers found that self-collected saliva samples can reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 genetic material at a rate similar to nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. The study also showed that saliva samples remained stable for up to 24 hours, providing a cheaper and less invasive option for COVID-19 testing.
The UOC researchers have developed an innovative new tool to automate the creation of systems that employ asynchronous event-driven communication, streamlining the process and improving interoperability. The tool utilizes the recently published AsyncAPI specification, standardizing work with this type of architecture.
NIST researchers use atomic force microscopy with a nanocylinder tip to measure polymer curing rates and diffusion in 3D printing. The study reveals that controlling light exposure conditions is crucial to uniform part production.
A recent study by Matthew P. Steinberg and Lauren Sartain found that classroom observation scores for Black teachers in Chicago Public Schools are driven by school and classroom factors, such as student poverty and academic achievement, rather than teacher effectiveness. The study suggests that these scores may lead to disproportionate...
Researchers found that low oxygen levels increase methane concentrations by 15 to 800 times, leading to more global warming. The study suggests that preventing low oxygen concentrations could prevent large methane producers.
A recent study by North Carolina State University found a powerful correlation between user trust in Facebook and the intensity of their Facebook use. The researchers identified self-efficacy and information trustworthiness as key factors contributing to user trust, highlighting the importance of building trust in online platforms.
A study found COVID-19 in post-mortem corneal tissue, highlighting the importance of donor screening processes. The research team discovered that even healthy donors with negative nasopharyngeal swabs tested positive for COVID-19 RNA, posing a transmission risk to recipients.
A new study reveals that excess CO2's ability to enhance plant growth worldwide is decreasing due to limited water and nutrient availability. This decrease has significant climate implications, as forests' capacity to sequester carbon dioxide is being saturated.
A new AI tool, AI-COVID, uses routine blood work to assist clinical labs in ruling out COVID-19 infection. The software achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91 and high sensitivity of 95% while maintaining moderate specificity.
A new treatment approach called 'organ preservation' uses radiotherapy followed by local keyhole surgery to remove only the part of the rectum affected by cancer. Patients who received this treatment reported fewer side effects, such as diarrhoea and the need for a permanent colostomy bag, compared to those who underwent major surgery.
A review examines the bidirectional causal relationship between poverty and common mental illnesses, depression and anxiety. Interventions improving mental health or economic condition often positively affect those suffering from poverty or mental illness.
A recent study found that feeling appreciated by subordinates boosts the energy and optimism of supervisors, leading to higher levels of psychological well-being and positive behaviors at work. The research suggests that external validation can be particularly powerful for supervisors who lack internal validation.
Researchers found that double element co-doped CQDs can capture photogenerated electrons, reducing fluorescence and improving carrier separation. The kinetic constant of PNCQDs/TiO2 reached 3.4 times that of pure TiO2 under simulated sunlight.
A population-based study found that comorbid non-affective psychoses and affective/anxiety disorders increased the risk for self-harm in autistic adolescents and young adults. The risk was highest among females and those with intellectual disability, linked to natural causes rather than accidental death.
Researchers found that individuals changed their behavior in reaction to COVID-19 presence 12 days before government lockdowns, underestimating the true impact of social distancing. Sociodemographic variables, such as education level and minority populations, were significantly associated with delays in social distancing behavior.
Researchers found that police officers investigating child exploitation are vulnerable to moral injury, PTSD, anxiety, and depression due to exposure to traumatic images. The study suggests ways to enhance professional support to improve management of psychological distress.
Researchers find that platform protection insurance increases product orders and variety-seeking behavior among buyers, while boosting customer retention and acquisition for sellers. The study also reveals that PPI acts as a reputable quality signal to reduce transaction uncertainty and purchase risks on the sharing platform.
A new study published by the University of Portsmouth has found that robotic animals, such as the MiRo-E robot, can be just as effective as real therapy dogs in providing calming interactions for children.
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests that a progesterone receptor modulator may be an effective treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The treatment showed significant improvement in mental symptoms, with half of women experiencing complete relief.
Researchers developed a method using ultrasound imaging to score lung health, indicating patient outcomes. The tool predicted worsening COVID-19 cases with high accuracy, allowing physicians to prepare better care.
Researchers from Aarhus University and Stanford University aim to create a sustainable technology for local-scale production of green ammonia. The project, called 'A new twist on ammonia production', seeks to improve the efficiency of electrochemical synthesis using 'designer' hydrogen-binding mediators.
Researchers at Temple University Health System develop improved models to predict 30-day readmission risk among patients with diabetes based on electronic health record data. The new tool, eDERRI TM, aims to accurately identify risk factors and improve care for vulnerable patients.
New studies from the University of Eastern Finland show that obstructive sleep apnea causes higher heart rate variability and changes in heart rate intervals, leading to reduced daytime alertness. The findings suggest a link between OSA and increased cardiovascular disease risk.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine has published a special supplement commemorating six decades of leadership in the field, featuring influential manuscripts that shaped the future of medicine. The supplement highlights landmark papers on PET, Anger camera, and fusion PET/CT, as well as the journal's past editors and associate editors.
Researchers found that microplastics can be internallyized by living cells after being exposed to natural aquatic environments, where biomolecules form an 'eco-corona' on the surface of particles. This process allows plastics to be internalized into tissue.
Global COVID-19 lockdowns resulted in a significant decrease in fossil carbon dioxide emissions, with transport emissions accounting for the largest share of the decline. The estimated drop of 2.4 billion tonnes is a record low, with fossil CO2 emissions predicted to be approximately 34 GtCO2, 7% lower than in 2019.
Researchers from the University of Bristol and Phasecraft have developed new strategies to solve the Fermi-Hubbard model using optimised quantum circuits with limited device size. The study suggests that current supercomputers are unable to solve instances of the model, but near-term quantum devices can.
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of defining essential oral healthcare. A layered approach to essential oral healthcare allows for categorization and prioritization with available resources in mind, recognizing basic oral healthcare as an integral component of a healthcare system's essential services. The Internatio...
Researchers have discovered a physical mechanism that gold nanoparticles use to kill bacteria by deforming their cell walls. This mechanism could lead to the development of new bactericide materials as an alternative to antibiotics.
Researchers at UVA Health System identified a gene variant MIA3 that produces a protein promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to thicker, stable protective caps on blood vessel plaques. This discovery could help prevent heart attacks by stabilizing plaque lesions and reducing the risk of coronary artery disease.
Researchers have developed an efficient method to study phage-microbe interactions, which can reveal bacterial receptors exploited by phages and cellular mechanisms used to respond to infection. The approach has implications for understanding microbiomes, developing new medicines and addressing antibiotic-resistant infections.
The COVID-19 lockdown led to a significant decrease in fossil carbon dioxide emissions, with a record drop of 2.4 billion tonnes in 2020. Emissions from transport accounted for the largest share of the decline, with surface transport falling by approximately half.
A Cornell University-led team has created a roadmap for global agricultural and food systems innovation, reform, and sustainability to address food crises and climate change. The report outlines seven major recommendations to make the world's agri-food systems healthy, equitable, resilient, and sustainable.
A clear goal is needed to stop human-driven species extinctions, but current drafts risk failure. Scientists propose an ambitious, unambiguous goal with quantifiable elements to measure progress and prevent perverse outcomes.
Research suggests that changes in Antarctic Ocean surface waters stored more CO2 in the deep ocean during ice ages. Diatom fossils provided evidence of reduced wind-driven upwelling, linking it to climate cooling and atmospheric CO2 drawdown. This discovery brings scientists closer to understanding the origin of ice ages.
Researchers found that adding an immune checkpoint inhibitor to standard chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer does not decrease their ability to perform daily activities. The study, based on data from the IMpassion031 trial, showed increased response rates and no significant impact on quality of life.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that mutations in a gene underlying a rare skin disorder can also lead to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, a serious heart disease. The findings indicate that the genetic underpinnings of skin disorders at birth may help predict future heart problems.
A new CRISPR-based technique allows researchers to profile a cell's entire genome and identify the DNA sequences regulating specific genes. This enables simultaneous testing of thousands of experiments, paving the way for faster discovery of genetic networks and potential therapeutic targets.
Astronomers have measured the motion of a massive Jupiter-like planet in an unlikely orbit around a double star, sparking questions about its formation and evolution. The discovery offers evidence that such oddball orbits are possible and may hold clues to the mysterious Planet Nine in our solar system.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin have developed a perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell achieving a record 29.15% efficiency, surpassing previous records. The new value has been certified and is at the top of the entire Emerging PV category in the NREL chart.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that social media is a tool for SMEs to mitigate internationalisation-related threats. By leveraging social media, companies can become embedded in strategic networks and enhance their social media skills.
Research team finds that bacteria can use iron as a food source, releasing bound organic carbon into the water in thawing permafrost. This accelerates greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
A recent study analyzed risk factors and racial disparities among US patients with specific types of cancer who contracted COVID-19. The research found significant differences in outcomes between cancer types and racial groups.
A neuroimaging study aims to identify underlying cognitive and brain processes impacted by MS, focusing on working memory and hippocampal changes. The study seeks to develop effective treatments for restoring lost memory function in individuals with MS.
A new model suggests that biased evaluations can be useful for motivating employees, particularly those with high career concerns. The ideal evaluator should be stricter on capable employees but more lenient on less capable ones. This approach can be applied to various scenarios, such as organizing internships.
A trial found that listening to soothing words and music during surgery reduced postoperative pain levels by 25% and decreased opioid consumption by 16%. This non-invasive technique could offer a safe and inexpensive way to reduce pain and opioid use after surgery.
A new study by Tokyo Medical and Dental University researchers suggests that melatonin and its metabolite AMK promote long-term memories in mice and shield them from cognitive decline. In the study, young and aging mice were able to form and recall memories after receiving doses of melatonin and AMK.
Researchers analyzed ten cancer patients with refractory melanoma and found that fecal microbiota transplant improved patient outcomes in three out of ten cases. The treatment was safe and feasible, suggesting a potential role in overcoming resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
A recent study published in Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases found that bariatric surgery significantly reduced the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. The study compared two cohorts of adolescents with type 2 diabetes over a five-year period, with results showing that treatment with bari...
A genomic analysis of early SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in Boston found that a small number of importations led to most cases, while superspreading events played a significant role in the spread of the virus. The study tracked the downstream effects of these events and highlights the importance of prevention and mitigation strategies.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified two alternative pathways for amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease, revealing genetic explanations for method discrepancies. The study provides unique biological information for earlier and more individualized diagnosis and treatment.
The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture has launched a pilot academic exchange program with ColPos Cordoba, thanks to a $25,000 grant from the 100,000 Strong in the Americas Innovation Fund. The program aims to increase partnerships between US and Mexican higher education institutions, promoting cultural exchange and techn...
A preschool enrichment program, REDI, has been shown to boost social and emotional skills that still have positive effects years later. Children attending Head Start preschools with the REDI program were less likely to experience behavioral problems and emotional symptoms by seventh and ninth grade.
A study published in American Journal of Human Genetics found that more than 7% of human oocytes have exchangeless chromosome pairs, indicating a high level of meiotic recombination failure. The research suggests that these errors are common and not affected by maternal age.
A new national study by the University of Arkansas links increased social media use to developing depression in young adults. Young adults who used more than 300 minutes per day were 2.8 times as likely to become depressed within six months.
The electronic amoeba, an analog computer inspired by a single-celled organism, has been developed to find approximate solutions to the traveling salesman problem in linear time. The device uses resistance values to represent constraints and requests, allowing for efficient and dynamic optimization.
Researchers from NUS utilised a ground-breaking AI platform to derive an optimal combination of available therapies against SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a treatment that was 6.5 times more effective than remdesivir alone. The top-ranked combination included the drugs remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir at specific doses.
A large cohort study found that dog owners with diabetes are 38% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those without. In contrast, no shared risk was detected in cat owners and their cats.
A recent study found that only seven percent of high-risk noncardiac surgery patients underwent preoperative screening for biomarkers, leading to increased mortality and complications. Researchers emphasize the need for improved compliance with guidelines and education among physicians.
A recent paper by Tadeg Quillien outlines a mathematical model of causal judgment that reproduces people's intuitions better than previous models. The study highlights the role of probability and logical structure in shaping our causal intuition, with implications for problem-solving and decision-making.
JILA scientists use an electric 'knob' to control molecular collisions and raise or lower chemical reaction rates in ultracold gases. The ability to manipulate these reactions enables the design of novel chemicals, new platforms for quantum computers, and precision measurement tools.
The Hayabusa2 mission successfully returned asteroid samples from Ryugu, a carbonaceous asteroid believed to contain organic materials. The return marks the second successful sample-return mission in history, offering insights into the origin of life and potential resource utilization for space exploration.
A study by George Mason University and UNC-Chapel Hill found that Black teachers in Chicago Public Schools were unfairly penalized for teaching in low-income neighborhoods with disadvantaged students. Once controlling for school and classroom factors, the racial gap in scores disappeared, highlighting the need to adjust teacher perform...
Scientists discover hematoxylin compounds selectively kill mutated CALR cells, providing hope for new treatment options for primary myelofibrosis patients. The study's results show hematoxylin's ability to disrupt the interaction between mutated CALR and thrombopoietin receptor.
The study assesses an online tool that uses actual virus copy number data to compare pooled and single-sample testing methods. The results show how pooled testing affects population-level outcomes, providing valuable insights for policy makers.
UC Riverside is receiving $6.3 million to combat the deadly fungus Laurel Wilt and other challenges threatening American avocado production. The university will develop next-generation technologies to manage diseases like Phytophthora root rot and soil salinity, which can severely reduce fruit yield and quality.
A new $1 million Federal Government grant will enable a major upgrade to the Murchison Widefield Array, giving the giant radio telescope greater power to process signals from distant outer space. The upgrade will allow researchers to detect finer frequency and time observations, improving their ability to study the universe.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes and UCSF develop large-scale genetic approach to map protein complex structures in live cells. This breakthrough enables the collection of reliable and detailed structural data reflecting how proteins work in their normal environment.
This survey study assessed German public attitudes toward COVID-19 health communications with varying degrees of scientific uncertainty. The results show that the public is generally skeptical about health messages with high levels of scientific uncertainty.
Researchers developed a non-toxic hydrothermal treatment that enhances conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films by 250 times, making them suitable for biomedical applications.
A recent in vitro study published in Journal of Dietary Supplements found that ergothioneine helped preserve telomere length and reduce oxidative stress. The study suggests that ergothioneine as part of a healthy diet could potentially mitigate the negative effects of oxidative stress and support healthy aging by preserving telomeres.
Astronomers have confirmed an exoplanet, HD 106906 b, with a highly eccentric orbit around its binary star, similar to the hypothetical Planet Nine. The planet's orbit is likely bound, and its presence suggests that distant planets can form within the first tens of millions of years of a star's life.
A team of researchers has successfully grown structures similar to parts of a mouse embryo using a special gel and 3D cell culturing technique. This allows for the investigation of pharmacological agents on a scale that would not be possible in living organisms.
Researchers from Princeton University's Scholes Group discovered quantum vibrations play a crucial role in ultrafast electron transfer reactions. The study uses ultrafast laser spectroscopy to show that vibrations provide channels for the reaction to occur, and an extra vibrational wavepacket appears in the product state.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an Adaptive Learned Bloom Filter (Ada-BF) that can double the throughput of real-time information filters on social media. The new approach applies machine learning in a smarter way to improve the performance of Bloom filters, reducing memory requirements by 50%.
A recent study found that transmembrane protein 41 B (TMEM41B) is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The researchers used CRISPR to inactivate genes in human cells infected with the virus and discovered that TMEM41B was the only molecular feature common to both flaviviruses and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers found that face masks obstruct facial cues, a crucial aspect of effective communication. The loss of visual information significantly impacts native and non-native speakers' ability to understand each other.
Researchers have found that a transmissible cancer affecting Tasmanian devils is shifting from an emerging disease to an endemic one, slowing its spread. The disease appears to be reaching an equilibrium, allowing the population to naturally evolve and possibly resist the cancer.
A study of 13,061 participants aged 60+ found that loneliness and social isolation increase the risk of falls in elderly people. Those living alone or with little social contact were 18-42% more likely to report a fall or hospital admission.
Exercise reduces severity of heart failure, improves heart function, and increases work capacity in rats with heart disease. High-intensity training reverses dysfunctional calcium handling and improves electrical signals in the heart.
A new study suggests that personal appeals from emergency physicians on social media are more effective in changing public attitudes and behaviors than impersonal messages from federal officials. The simulated online study included over 2,000 participants and found that the personal appeal was associated with increased perceived effect...
A recent study by UC San Francisco researchers reveals that ticks possess an antibiotic gene called dae2, which protects them from contracting pathogens, including Staphylococcus bacteria. This discovery provides new insights into the complex interactions between ticks and human skin microbiota.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz developed a novel serological assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, providing quantitative results in under 20 minutes. The biolayer interferometry immunosorbent assay (BLI-ISA) is as accurate and sensitive as current antibody tests, but faster and less complex.
UTA's David Hunn was selected as a National Academy of Inventors (NAI) fellow for his groundbreaking research in critical thinking and soldier survivability. He credits UTA with teaching him the importance of these skills, which he has applied throughout his distinguished career.
Researchers found that testing long-term memory recall predicted cognitive decline in healthy older people more accurately than classic memory tests. The study also showed that combining this test with an MRI brain scan improved accuracy in predicting Alzheimer's disease risk.
Researchers developed a disposable kit for immediate detection of specific airborne viruses in the field. The platform can sample and monitor airborne viruses simultaneously and detects them within 50 minutes on-site.
Researchers estimate sub-optimal behaviors cost the US healthcare system over $1.3 trillion annually, with a focus on eliminating 'defects' in value. The study proposes a framework to reduce costs and improve care value proposition through targeted interventions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology create kinetic model to study site-specific histone modifications and their impact on chromatin accessibility. The model shows that acetylation increases chromatin accessibility threefold, highlighting the potential for accurate quantification of epigenetic effects.
Researchers have discovered that tiny bubbles on electrodes can facilitate electrochemical reactions, leading to faster pollutant removal and chlorine production. The formation of hydroxide anions in the bubble's corona accelerates these processes, making them more efficient than usual.
In a study of Enga society in Papua New Guinea, restorative justice was found to be the dominant approach, with community members playing a key role in resolving disputes. The village courts prioritize repairing harm and reintegrating wrongdoers into society.
Autophagy enables efficient nutrient use and survival in cells by recycling amino acids. The study found that autophagy-derived metabolites, particularly serine, facilitate respiratory growth by supporting one-carbon metabolism and mitochondrial protein synthesis.
Cognitive tests show ravens develop quickly, with skills similar to those of orang-utans and chimpanzees by four months. Ravens excel in tasks requiring addition and relative numbers but struggle with spatial memory.
Entangled photon-based mid-infrared imaging improves penetration depth in highly scattering materials, enabling non-destructive testing and analysis of ceramics and paint samples. The technique produces high-quality 2D and 3D images using a compact optical setup.
A survey is being conducted to characterize marijuana use among cancer patients receiving care at MUSC Hollings Cancer Center. The study aims to explore how often patients are using marijuana, why they're using it, and their perceptions of its efficacy in managing symptoms. The findings will provide insight into the prevalence and spec...
Researchers at the Beckman Institute created a subspace mass spectrometry imaging approach to accelerate data acquisition without sacrificing quality. This technique can detect biomolecules across a wide range of sizes and has implications for analytical chemistry, clinical studies, and neurochemical research.
Researchers at the DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have developed a process to grow high-performance single-crystal nickel-rich cathodes, overcoming challenges of polycrystalline materials. The new technology identifies the cause of 'crystal gliding' in batteries, which can lead to microcracks and reduced battery lifespan.
A recent study published in Gut journal reveals that beta-blocker treatment can reduce systemic inflammation in patients with advanced liver disease, resulting in fewer complications and lower mortality rates. By targeting portal hypertension, beta-blockers may provide a new therapeutic option for patients with cirrhosis.
A proof-of-concept study found that trained dogs can detect COVID-19 infected individuals by smelling their axillary sweat samples. The researchers used a total of six detection dog teams to identify positive participants with high accuracy.
A new study published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics found that exposure to small grocery stores with healthier inventories is associated with significant improvements in childhood obesity. In contrast, increased availability of convenience stores selling predominantly unhealthy foods was linked to a higher li...
Researchers found that listeners can accurately identify regional dialects and racial backgrounds from audio clips of English speakers. The study used 144 unique audio clips to categorize speakers into Midland, New York City, Southern U.S., Asian American, Black/African American, or white groups.
A proof-of-concept study found that 68Ga-pentixafor PET imaging effectively diagnoses and manages rare CNS B-cell lymphoma by targeting the CXCR4 biomarker. The imaging modality showed excellent contrast characteristics between lymphoma lesions and surrounding healthy brain tissue.
Researchers found that introducing native herbivorous crabs to coral reefs in the Florida Keys led to rapid declines in seaweed cover and returned small corals and fishes. The crabs improve habitat conditions for corals and fishes, providing a new tool for reef restoration.
A study published in The BMJ found that dog owners with diabetes are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes themselves than owners without a diabetic dog. However, no shared risk was found between cat owners and their pets.
A new study suggests that targeting the RANK signaling pathway can enhance antitumor immune responses, making breast cancer more responsive to immunotherapy. The findings come from a clinical trial and preclinical research, demonstrating the potential of this approach to convert 'cold' tumors into 'warm' ones.
A team of NYUAD researchers has conducted a comprehensive review of bioluminescence in beetles, including fireflies, identifying structural factors that govern light emission colors. This study may lead to the development of new bioanalytical tools for early disease diagnosis and cancer treatment.
Researchers report a shift towards endemism in Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), a fatal transmissible cancer threatening the species' extinction. The study suggests DFTD may go extinct or coexist with populations, reducing the threat of extinction.
Researchers from Xiamen University demonstrated a bio-inspired heterometallic cluster that mimics the CaMn4O5 structure of PSII, showing efficient overall water splitting activity without sacrificial reagents. The cluster anchors on phosphorus-doped graphitic carbon nitrides and exhibits high H2 production rates and O2 evolution rates.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers calls for stricter regulations on commercial educational websites that expose children to unhealthy food marketing. The team visited popular sites and found ads for sugary cereals and packaged kids' meals, prompting companies like McDonald's and Kellogg to pledge to stop marketing on these platforms.
A new study using AI to examine the fossil record found that mass extinctions rarely create productive periods of species evolution, or 'radiations,' contrary to traditional ideas. Instead, the study suggests that many remarkable times of evolutionary radiation occurred when life entered new environments.
A US study found that patients who undergo surgery on their surgeon's birthday experience higher mortality compared to other days. The researchers suggest that surgeons may be distracted by life events unrelated to work, leading to potential medical errors.
A nationwide study in Germany found that most people want to be informed about the uncertainty in COVID-19 scientific data. The study suggests that communicating uncertainty openly can be more effective than presenting certain information as if it were absolute.
A study found that Zika virus can remain in the mouse brain for extended periods, leading to lasting cognitive impairment and increased risk of psychological disorders. The infection caused long-term deficits in motor function and coordination, as well as anxiety and hyperactivity.
Researchers found that Black churches are trusted messengers of COVID-19 information, with high levels of community engagement and positive feedback. The FAITH! program helped establish emergency preparedness teams and culturally relevant messaging channels within participating churches.
Researchers developed a new model to predict kidney function in cancer patients, enabling more accurate chemotherapy dosing and minimizing harm. The model takes into account various factors like age, gender, and body mass index, providing clinicians with a valuable tool for guiding treatment decisions.
An international team of scientists has produced the first complete, species-level phylogeny of a major group of tropical birds known as suboscine passerines. The study used genetic markers scattered across the entire genome to describe the evolutionary history and create a framework for further questions about mechanisms that drive sp...
Researchers found no slowing of ocean acidification due to COVID-19 emissions reductions, despite a 9% drop in greenhouse gas emissions. However, the study yields important insights on how to track changes in ocean carbon and puts emissions reductions into perspective as short-term gains.
A FAIR Health initiative found that cost information enhances the value of shared decision making in palliative care scenarios, empowering patients to make critical healthcare decisions. The program's success highlights the utility of cost data in guiding informed discussions with clinicians.
A recent study used real British Railway data and an artificial intelligence model to improve the ability to predict delays in railway networks. The Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network model outperformed other statistical models for forecasting delays up to 60 minutes in the future.
Researchers have discovered AAV capsid-promoter interactions in the non-human primate brain, which dictate cell-specific transgene expression. This finding has profound implications for vector design in gene therapy, challenging the traditional concept of the AAV capsid as a delivery truck.
A new lung delivery system using phage particles has been developed to induce potent antibody responses in mice and non-human primates without causing lung damage.
Researchers at University at Buffalo have developed a new, two-dimensional transistor made of graphene and molybdenum disulfide that requires half the voltage of current semiconductors. The device can handle a greater current density, making it key to meet the demand for power-hungry nanoelectronic devices.
A large retrospective review of over 1,000 children found very low complication rates for soft contact lens wear, similar to those in adults. The study's findings offer reassurance to eye care professionals and parents about the safety of myopia management options.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine discovered that blocking a single protein restores mass and strength to withered muscles in old mice. The protein, 15-PGDH, is elevated in old muscle and its inhibition leads to improved prostaglandin E2 levels, resulting in muscle fiber growth and increased mitochondrial density.
A recent study from the University of Notre Dame found that audit offices that emphasize non-audit services tend to compromise on audit quality. The researchers examined financial statement restatement rates for clients of audit offices between 2005 and 2015, and discovered a significant reduction in audit quality when an office receiv...
Researchers at University of Fukui, Japan, create miniature laser-based device to project color HD video on the retina. The compact RGB scanning projector has potential applications in various fields including virtual and augmented reality, conferencing, surveillance, and remote-assisted surgery.
Researchers found that humans, ferrets, and cats are the most susceptible animals to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their high binding affinity and codon adaptation index. Ducks, rats, mice, pigs, and chickens had lower or no susceptibility to infection.