Researchers found that higher health literacy is associated with higher rates of PSA screening, despite guidelines recommending against it. The study also identified a dynamic interplay between health literacy and shared decision-making.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that prepubertal male and female rats exhibit distinct immune responses to infection, with males exhibiting a more severe inflammatory reaction. The researchers suggest that the X chromosome may play a key role in determining this difference.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that gender bias exists in ride-sharing performance ratings, with female drivers receiving significantly lower ratings when their performance is poor compared to male drivers. The researchers created an online experiment where participants rated driver performance, finding that custom...
RIT scientists developed record-breaking simulations of unequal mass black hole mergers to aid the development of next-generation gravitational wave detectors. These simulations calculate key properties of merged black holes, enabling the comparison of signals received by advanced detectors.
Researchers describe a rare case of frosted branch angiitis, a unique presentation of florid retinal vasculitis, in a woman treated for leukemia-lymphoma with allogeneic human stem cell transplant. The condition led to immune activation and required corticosteroids to suppress inflammation.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed a new model that predicts the persistence of genetic packages in bacterial populations. The model, dubbed 'persistence potential,' uses five variables to determine whether a plasmid will thrive or fade away.
A new study analyzing Iberian spiders' biodiversity patterns in Spain's national parks reveals environmental factors significantly impact their distribution. The study identifies a pattern relating to the rise of temperatures and decrease of precipitation with an increase in spider endemism, highlighting potential conservation strategies.
A new medication, centhaquine, has been found safe and effective in treating severe blood or fluid loss caused by trauma. The study showed significant improvements in patient outcomes, including reduced mortality rates and improved blood pressure and organ function.
Researchers analyzed sediment cores to find iron-containing dust promoted CO2 sequestration and glacial cooling in the South Pacific during the last Ice Age. The dust, mainly from north-west Argentina, traveled up to 20,000km and reduced atmospheric CO2 by up to 40ppm.
A team of astronomers has discovered the first cold brown dwarf using radio observations from the LOFAR telescope and Gemini North. The object, BDR J1750+3809, is a close cousin of Solar System planets like Jupiter and can be used to test theories predicting exoplanet magnetic fields.
A Harvard Medical School study found that clinicians who prescribe unnecessary antibiotics for viral infections increase the likelihood of patients seeking care for similar infections in the future. This leads to a significant increase in antibiotic prescriptions, exacerbating the problem of antibiotic resistance and unnecessary spending.
Researchers at WPI will develop computational models to understand cellular forces and geometry during cell division. The study aims to identify factors that lead to defective spindle structure in cells, which can be targeted to promote cancer cell death.
Researchers found that over half of e-cigarette users reported symptoms like cough and nausea, with those using flavored products and refillable devices more likely to experience severe symptoms. The study highlights the need for better understanding of e-cigarette risks among healthcare professionals and parents of youth.
Researchers found lower utilization and higher complication rates among African American patients for unilateral knee replacement, but no significant differences for bilateral knee replacement. The study suggests physicians may offer bilateral procedures less often to African American patients or they may choose not to have the procedure.
Researchers created a Hostile Bias Modification Training protocol to reduce anger and aggression in ambiguous social conflict situations. The study, published in Cognitive Therapy and Research, found that the training was effective in reducing hostile attribution bias, anger, and reactive aggression.
Researchers propose that water emerges during planet formation, contradicting previous 'accidental' asteroid collision theory. The study found water on Mars for the first 90 million years of existence, suggesting it was a bioproduct of the planet's formation process.
A team of Clemson researchers and international scientists have discovered a new way to measure thermoelectric material properties by using light. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of more efficient thermoelectric materials with higher zT values, which convert heat energy into useful electric energy.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that African Americans who attended HBCUs had a 35% lower probability of developing metabolic syndrome by midlife. The benefit was more pronounced in those who grew up in segregated environments. Attending an HBCU may offer long-term health benefits for individuals who spent formative ...
A new machine learning algorithm has been developed to isolate dynamic neural patterns in brain signals that relate to specific behaviors, such as finger movements. The algorithm resolves the challenge of isolating these patterns, which can be masked by other activities, and enhances the decoding of behaviors from brain signals.
A new study found that Black patients are less likely to have their treatment for high blood pressure intensified, despite having more missed clinic appointments. This racial disparity may account for a significant contributor to poor health outcomes among Black Americans.
Mavacamten improves key structural abnormalities in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, reducing obstruction to blood flow and abnormal mitral valve motion. The treatment also decreases elevated filling pressures and restores normal cardiac structure and function.
A study suggests the probability of another 'Day Zero' drought in Cape Town will increase due to anthropogenic emissions. By 2100, the likelihood rises from 0.7% to 25% under an intermediate emission scenario, highlighting emerging drought risk in arid regions.
Researchers estimate that global fisheries could replace up to 40% of animal protein for one to two years after a nuclear war. Healthy fish stocks before the disaster can act as a temporary food reserve.
Working in farming or wood industries with asthma significantly increases the risk of hospitalization due to worsening symptoms. Asthmatics exposed to dust are more than twice as likely to be hospitalized for asthma compared to those without exposure, according to a recent Aarhus University study.
A recent study from the University of California, Berkeley, reveals a dramatic 25% drop in regional carbon dioxide emissions after the San Francisco Bay Area implemented its first shelter-in-place mandate. The network of carbon dioxide sensors monitored by UC Berkeley scientists effectively tracked progress toward reduced emissions.
A new study has identified the coral skeleton growth mechanism, revealing that controlling water temperature is crucial for restoring reefs. The research suggests that corals regulate their internal ion concentrations by pumping calcium and carbonate ions from seawater through coral tissue.
Researchers warn that SARS-CoV-2 may develop resistance to COVID-19 vaccines, rendering them ineffective. To mitigate this risk, the team recommends using blood and nasal swab samples to assess vaccine efficacy and monitor for emerging resistance.
Researchers have designed a highly sensitive implantable sensor that can monitor various forms of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide in the body. The device is made from biodegradable materials, including magnesium and silicon, which dissolve at a slow pace allowing it to function during recovery periods.
Researchers observed two distinct seismic discontinuities in the mantle transition zone, representing the upper and lower boundaries of a subducted Pacific high-velocity slab. The study suggests a compositionally layered slab with high-water contents beneath the slab, challenging existing knowledge on slab interfaces.
A three-nation research project will examine the relationship between social factors and epigenetics, with a focus on how adversity and trauma affect gene expression and health. The study will use data from large longitudinal studies in the US, Republic of Ireland, and Northern Ireland to investigate the impact of life circumstances on...
A new study shows that the introduction of new cancer drugs between 2000 and 2016 led to a significant reduction in mortality rates for patients with 15 common types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. The study estimates that these drug approvals saved over 1.2 million lives during this period.
A public repository of 52,515 microbial draft genomes has been made available, revealing 44% new bacterial and archaeal diversity. The GEM catalog provides a valuable resource for understanding the biology and diversity of uncultivated microbes.
Researchers from Kanazawa University found that skipping breakfast and late dinner are associated with an increased risk of proteinuria, a key prognostic factor of CKD. Unhealthy dietary habits, including quick eating, were linked to the development of proteinuria despite no changes in body weight.
A new study reveals that Amazon trees dying at a faster rate are those with higher growth speeds, which are more vulnerable to climate change. The research found that drought is also driving tree death, particularly in the southern Amazon.
Researchers found that teacher-mothers face immense stress due to unequal distribution of second-shift responsibilities, inadequate parental leave policies, and low teacher pay. The study advocates for improved parental leave, higher teacher pay, and equal distribution of household labor to support teacher-mothers.
Researchers at Princeton University have identified a new protein involved in the assembly and maintenance of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of transporting phospholipids between membranes, a critical step in preventing bacterial infection.
Researchers have developed a hybrid membrane that combines artificial water channels with a polyamide matrix, resulting in higher flow rates and reduced energy needs for seawater desalination. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and cost-effective desalination processes on an industrial scale.
A recent study using CRISPR-Cas technology identified a key gene responsible for heat tolerance in corals, providing insights into their response to climate change. The research found that modifying this gene made coral larvae more susceptible to heat stress.
A RUDN University study found that deforestation leads to massive transformations in soil bacterial communities, with some plantations showing higher diversity than forests. The key factors are soil acidity and resource availability.
A new study found that over half of COVID-19 data visualizations shared on Twitter contain errors that reduce their clarity, accuracy, or trustworthiness. The study identified five common pitfalls, including mistrust due to lack of data source identification, and suggests steps to overcome these issues.
A recent study found that Black and non-white heart patients experience significant disparities in care and outcomes compared to their white counterparts. These disparities include lower rates of early treatment methods, longer hospital stays, and higher death rates.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a new three-step testing approach that improves the accuracy of COVID-19 testing, detecting lower viral loads and reducing false-negative rates. The cost-effective technique uses microfluidics technology and can detect SARS-CoV-2 viral loads as low as one copy/microliter.
A north-south drought dipole influences ponderosa pine recovery post-fires, with juvenile conifers less likely to thrive in dry northern regions. The study's findings suggest taking climate variability into account can improve long-term predictions of forest resilience.
Researchers found a significant association between nursing home crowding and increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality in Ontario, Canada. The study examined data from the entire nursing home system during the pandemic and observed a strong correlation between crowding and adverse outcomes.
A University of Illinois study suggests that tree cover around schools improves standardized test scores, regardless of student demographics or school resources. The study found that even small amounts of tree cover closer to the school made a significant difference.
Engineers at the University of New South Wales have developed a robotic gripper that behaves like an elephant's trunk to grasp, pick up, and release objects without breaking them. The versatile technology can be applied in various industries, including agriculture, food, and scientific exploration.
A recent USC study published in the Journal of Marketing found that people perceive pretty food as healthier and more natural, despite a lack of actual difference. The researchers suggested that advertisers' use of classical aesthetics in food presentation can skew perception and lead consumers to make unhealthy choices.
A study found that weight and blood pressure were reduced regardless of when participants ate, challenging the idea that eating earlier affects energy usage. Researchers followed 41 overweight adults for 12 weeks and saw no difference in weight loss between those who ate most calories early or later.
Researchers from five universities used data science and network theory to analyze the book series, revealing that character interactions are similar to real-world relationships. The study also found that deaths in the story are not random, but follow a pattern more commonly observed in reality.
A Washington State University study found that workers experiencing job and financial insecurity are less likely to follow CDC guidelines for COVID-19 prevention. Economic concerns, particularly low unemployment benefits, were associated with a decline in compliance with these guidelines.
A new diagnostic system was developed by Lithuanian scientists, achieving over 90% accuracy in detecting melanoma from skin lesions. The non-invasive method combines data from optical spectrophotometry and ultrasound imaging technologies.
Researchers from Arizona State University used satellite and field studies to identify key factors affecting coral outplant survival. They found that low POC levels, stable PAR, minimal temperature anomalies, and increased water depth are crucial for maximizing restoration success.
Researchers warn that extreme events like the 'Day Zero' drought could become common by the end of the century due to climate change. The study used high-resolution simulations to conclude that human-caused climate change made the drought five to six times more likely, and such events could impact regions with similar climates.
Researchers used XSEDE-allocated supercomputers to simulate the structure of the blue whirl, a new type of flame that consists of four separate flames. The simulations revealed the three types of flames that make up the bright rim of the blue whirl, which can be used to burn fuels more cleanly.
A recent study found that remote cardiovascular rehabilitation programs using tele-counseling and technology are as effective as on-site programs in reducing mortality from heart disease. The programs showed high patient acceptance rates despite the COVID-19 pandemic, but may be more costly due to staff costs.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered a new Rickettsia species in dogs that is part of the spotted-fever group. This new species has been found in multiple dogs across the US and shares genetic similarities with human Rickettsia pathogens.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University discovered that parasitic nematodes can consume and break down oil products. The team adapted nematodes to eat Alcanivorax borkumensis bacteria, which breaks down oil into fatty acids. Enhanced digestion of oil was observed in worms, with undigested bacteria changing their gut microflora.
Researchers at Princeton University found that non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic may delay but not prevent future outbreaks of respiratory infections. These delays could lead to large outbreaks when NPIs are lifted, posing a significant public health risk.
A study found that vitamin D status during pregnancy is associated with altered gene expression in the placenta, which may contribute to the development of preeclampsia. The researchers also observed a correlation between sFLT1 and VEGF gene expression levels.
Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science successfully synthesized a large organic cage composed of multi-porphyrin units without using templates. The P12L24 cage has a truncated cuboctahedral structure and an inner cavity diameter of 4 nm, making it suitable for encapsulating large guest molecules.
A new equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) shows improved accuracy and precision compared to commonly used equations. The European Kidney Function Consortium's (EKFC) equation addresses limitations of existing methods and is suitable for a wide age range.
A recent study found that men undergoing active surveillance for low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer have very low rates of cancer spread and death from prostate cancer. The study analyzed 1,450 patients and identified three factors that affect the risk of metastases: Gleason grade, PSA velocity, and multiparametric MRI.
Future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols will shift the North Atlantic's role in global ocean heat uptake, making it the main region of OHU by 2100. This is due to projected decline in anthropogenic aerosols, weakening the AMOC and diverging meridional ocean heat transport.
Researchers compared medRxiv preprint server studies to subsequent medical journal publications and non-preprint articles. The study found significant impact of preprint sharing on research dissemination during the pandemic.
The study found almost a third of participants experienced mental distress during the lockdown, but many also reported positive outcomes. Notably, younger adults were more likely to experience significant psychological distress, while older people may have felt safer in New Zealand.
Research reveals that female mongooses start fights to gain genetic benefits from mating with outsiders, while male group members and the entire group pay the costs. The study suggests that 'exploitative leadership' leads to frequent conflicts.
Researchers from HSS presented studies on renal disorders, venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement, and pediatric patients with rheumatologic diseases. The surveys also explored perceptions of COVID-19 risk among rheumatologists and the use of clinical disease activity indexes in telemedicine.
A UMass Lowell researcher is working with the US Department of Justice to develop a workplace training program that aims to reduce trauma and stress among corrections employees. The goal is to improve their overall health outcomes, which are often poor due to chronic stress, obesity, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Researchers have developed a novel method to bioprint fibrocartilage, a crucial tissue in knee joints, using a hybrid tissue construct. The study demonstrates the potential of this regenerative medicine treatment for repairing damaged cartilage and restoring knee function.
Researchers analyzed saliva samples from over 500 participants to identify microRNA levels that could indicate a concussion. The study found that measuring these molecules in saliva can aid diagnosis with high accuracy, potentially replacing current symptom scales and neurocognitive tests.
A study using genome sequencing and CRISPR gene editing tools has uncovered a new biological pathway essential for insulin production in the YIPF5 gene. The research shows that genetic changes in this gene result in high stress levels, leading to cell death in insulin-producing cells.
A new study by the American Heart Association reveals that food insecurity is independently associated with an increase in cardiovascular death rates among US adults aged 20-64. The study analyzed county-level data from 2011 to 2017 and found that counties with higher levels of food insecurity had significantly higher cardiovascular mo...
Researchers found a significant increase in intentional penetrating injuries, especially firearm violence, during the pandemic. Young African-American men were disproportionately affected by these injuries, with the proportion of visits for gunshot wounds nearly doubling compared to previous years.
The study found that singles are more likely to have lower incomes and less education than their romantically minded peers. About half of all singles say they are not interested in heterosexual relationships, with younger Japanese being more likely to express disinterest.
Research suggests slow-living animal species are more likely to act as disease reservoirs due to higher demographic competence for persistent infections. The study highlights the importance of using ecological characteristics like lifespan and reproductive capacity to identify potential wildlife reservoirs.
A study by UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers found that young survivors of AML are at risk of developing late effects, including cardiovascular, endocrine, and respiratory diseases. Non-white patients and those living in deprived neighborhoods were disproportionately affected.
Researchers found that spoiler reviews can increase box office revenue by providing potential customers with more information. The study used topic modeling to measure the effect of spoiler reviews on box office revenue, and found an inverted-U relationship between ratings and spoiler intensity.
A new study reveals that a nuclear war could lead to significant losses in wild-caught seafood, potentially rivaling the impacts of climate change on fisheries. The team estimates that a large-scale nuclear conflict could reduce seafood production by as much as 30%, with potential losses of tens of millions of tons per year.
A new research study discovered that patients with diabetes may experience reduced benefits from dexamethasone treatment due to altered binding properties of serum albumin. The findings suggest re-evaluating prescribing practices for this medication, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that videos increase academic success and student satisfaction. Students prefer video formats featuring professors, and short, well-planned videos are most effective.
A Rutgers study found antipsychotic prescribing in young children is declining, but doctors continue to prescribe for conditions lacking FDA approval and without recommended psychiatric consultations. The study highlights the need for safer first-line psychosocial treatments to minimize risks associated with antipsychotic treatment.
A UK-wide analysis of COVID-19 infections in newborn babies found that severe infection was rare, affecting only 0.06% of births. The study also found higher proportions of Black, Asian and minority ethnic groups were affected, highlighting the need for further investigation.
Scientists developed a new approach to decipher the atomic-level structure of materials using data from ground-up powder samples. This 'genomic' method solves complex structures by building and evaluating all plausible arrangements of atoms, revealing details of promising sodium-ion battery material NVPF.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that patient-provider racial concordance significantly affects patient experience. Physicians who share the same racial or ethnic background as their patients receive higher ratings for maximum patient experience scores.
A study of over 11,000 middle-aged male African American veterans found that higher fitness levels reduced the risk of developing atrial fibrillation by 30-50%. The research suggests engaging in physical activity can be an effective preventive measure for cardiovascular disease.
A national study by Penn Medicine researchers reveals a significant link between food insecurity and cardiovascular death rates among adults. The analysis found that counties with increasing food insecurity levels had higher cardiovascular mortality rates, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
Researchers at DGIST developed a 3D digital twinning platform to analyze all-solid-state battery interfaces, reducing defects and improving performance. The technique uses detailed 3D replicas of the real thing, capturing structural analyses and validating efficacy.
The book Mare Plasticum delves into the devastating effects of plastics and microplastics on marine environments. It aims to change society's consciousness towards more responsible behavior, highlighting urgent need for action.
Researchers from University of Bristol's QET Labs developed a tiny device that measures quantum features of light at record high speeds. This achievement promises novel routes to outperform current state-of-the-art in computing, communication, and measurement.
A study published in CMAJ found that while life expectancy for people with IBD has increased, those with the condition generally die sooner than those without it. This disparity is largely due to pain and its impact on daily functioning and overall health-adjusted life expectancy.
A study found that consuming chili pepper was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality, including a 26% relative reduction in cardiovascular mortality. Researchers analyzed data from over 570,000 individuals and found significant reductions in all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality rates.
Diseases of despair, including substance abuse and suicidal thoughts, have soared in the US over the past decade, affecting all ages. Between 2009 and 2018, life expectancy fell year on year, and deaths among middle-aged white non-Hispanic men and women rose sharply.
A study using pre-pandemic data found that essential workers with jobs that can't be done from home are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases. Household members of these high-risk workers also face a heightened risk of severe illness due to increased exposure.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University identify TruB1 as a regulator of the microRNA let-7, which has significant implications for cancer development and suppression. The study reveals that TruB1 promotes maturation of let-7 and suppresses cell growth and division.
Scientists at Shibaura Institute of Technology and Waseda University created a novel printing method that mimics plant motion, enabling paper to fold itself. The technology has potential applications in robotics, healthcare, agriculture, and space exploration.
A University of Stirling study found that social distancing during COVID-19 increased feelings of loneliness among Scotland's over 60s population, leading to worse wellbeing and health. A larger social network and better perceived social support were protective against loneliness and poorer health.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found a potential neurobiological mechanism for hallucinations and delusions that fits within the hierarchical model of psychosis. The study suggests that these symptoms share a common mechanism but also depend on symptom-specific pathways.
A study of nearly 3,000 middle-aged Framingham Heart Study participants found that approximately nine percent had clinically significant liver fibrosis. Liver stiffness correlates with the degree of scarring, which is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors.
Researchers have found that melatonin may be a viable treatment option for COVID-19, reducing the likelihood of testing positive by nearly 30%. The study analyzed patient data from Cleveland Clinic's registry and identified 34 potential repurposing candidates, including melatonin.
Research shows that formalized community forest management policies tend to have negative impacts on forest access and resource rights, while still achieving environmental and economic benefits. In many cases, income gains mainly benefited village elites, while the poor and marginalized bore the brunt of forest use restrictions.
A study suggests that losing fat mass, but not lean mass, is key for heart health in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Reducing body fat and waist circumference lowers the risk of heart failure in this population.
A study by Rutgers University suggests that pre-war fisheries management could boost ocean protein contributions during a global food emergency, but widespread overfishing would not offset land-based food losses after a nuclear war. Effective regulation could lead to significantly higher catches in the first year post-war.
A study published in Information Systems Research found that online reviews of physicians do not reliably indicate the quality of care provided by a physician, especially for chronic-disease patients. The researchers examined 10 years of COPD patient admission-discharge data and scored online reviews on one of the ranking websites.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that loneliness is a leading cause of depression in older adults, with nearly one in five cases potentially preventable. The research, led by UCL researchers, suggests that subjective experiences of loneliness contribute to depression up to 12 years later.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a novel strategy to predict the lifetime of replica molds used in UV-NIL by analyzing changes in the contact angle of water on the mold surface. The method uses commercial camera-based systems and can accurately predict when a mold will break, reducing costs associated with UV-NIL.
A randomized trial found that hydroxychloroquine improved the clinical status of adults hospitalized with COVID-19. The study compared the effects of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo on patients' clinical status at 14 days.
A label-free imaging technique has been developed to examine immune cells called macrophages in the retina of healthy humans and patients with glaucoma. Cell density decreased with age in healthy participants, while cell processes moved more quickly and covered a smaller area in patients.
Gun violence patients made up nearly 23% of trauma hospitalizations during the 2020 stay-at-home order, a significant increase from previous years. Trauma cases overall dropped by half during this time, but gun violence remained a major concern, disproportionately affecting people of color.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba have developed a biocide additive that can be incorporated into traditional materials used in cultural heritage restoration. The new material, featuring carbendazim-clay complexes, shows improved antimicrobial effectiveness and long-lasting properties compared to existing solutions.
A home-visiting program delivered by trained Native American family health coaches improved healthy growth and feeding practices in babies of mothers on the Navajo Nation. The intervention lowered infant weights and reduced sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, supporting a healthier growth trajectory.
A study identified seven pathways to kindergarten, including children cared for mainly at home, in a center-based program, or switching between different types of care. Despite this diversity, test scores did not show significant differences between children from each pathway.
A Michigan Medicine-led study finds that nearly 170,000 underinsured transgender Americans access hormones from non-licensed sources, posing health risks. The study highlights the need for improved insurance coverage and access to gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Preliminary research shows that increased safety measures during COVID-19 pandemic CPR do not compromise patient survival rates. The study analyzed in-hospital CPR cases from March 2019 and 2020, finding similar patient outcomes despite the use of additional protective equipment.
Research finds that many transgender people who receive hormone therapy already have unaddressed heart disease risk factors, including high blood pressure and high cholesterol. The study highlights the need for improved access to healthcare and cardiovascular screening for this population.
A new study published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that increased social support reduces diabetes-related distress and improves treatment outcomes. Researchers emphasize the importance of integrating patients' family and support systems into their diabetes management plans to optimize care.
A randomized clinical trial demonstrated the reliability of using circulating tumor cell count to guide frontline therapy choice for patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) HER2-negative (HER2) metastatic breast cancer. The CTC count significantly improved progression-free survival for patients with high CTC counts, while hormon...
The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) is a centralized analytics platform storing vast amounts of medical record data from people tested for COVID-19. Regenstrief serves as the national project's Honest Data Broker, creating more complete and informative data sets while ensuring patient privacy.
A new hydrogel biomaterial triggers an adaptive immune response, leading to improved tissue repair and stronger healed skin. The material, developed at Duke University, demonstrates a regenerative immune response that can potentially heal skin injuries like burns and cuts more effectively than current wound-healing hydrogels.
Climate change was a major factor in the extinction of 38 genera of large mammals in North America at the end-Pleistocene glacial-interglacial transition. The species' histories and adaptive tolerances were critical in their survival during earlier transitions, but not at the last transition when humans arrived.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant reductions in healthcare spending in the US. These early spending reductions have important implications for future spending projections as the pandemic evolves.
A study analyzed 4,225 protein-coding genes in the Escherichia coli genome to understand the evolution of genetic codons. The researchers discovered a disproportionate use of specific serine codons, suggesting their independent emergence during evolution.
A study by Aarhus University finds that COVID-19 exacerbates obsessive thoughts and compulsions in children and young people with OCD. The condition often worsens due to anxiety about illness or loss, particularly among younger children who are more dependent on others.
A recent study published at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020 found that U.S.-born Black women have a higher risk of developing preeclampsia compared to Black women who immigrated to the country. The study analyzed data from nearly 4,000 Black women in Boston and found that foreign-born Black women had a 26% low...
A new model has been developed to predict earthquake propagation speeds, resolving a long-standing inconsistency between theory and observations. The 3D model overcomes the limitations of previous 2D models and accounts for oblique sliding, making it more accurate in predicting seismic wave behavior.
Researchers used machine learning to predict water stability in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), accelerating the development of new materials. The model, trained on over 200 existing MOFs, enables predictions for other important properties, expanding applications in chemical separations, adsorption, and sensing.
A study found that one third of UK fruit and vegetables are imported from climate-vulnerable countries, threatening national food security. The increased reliance on imports may lead to supply problems, higher prices, and reduced consumption of these essential foods.
A recent study reveals that only about 20% of young adults with a history of heart attack received an annual influenza vaccination, compared to 28% of those without heart attack. This finding highlights the importance of increasing flu vaccination rates among individuals with cardiovascular disease.
A study found that individuals with low vision require fewer characters per line to achieve optimal reading speed compared to those with normal vision. The findings highlight the importance of customizing digital text formats to optimize reading performance for both groups.
Researchers at USask are conducting a groundbreaking study to investigate the impact of maternal cannabis use during pregnancy on fetal brain development. They will be testing the hypothesis that chronic exposure to high-THC cannabis leads to increased anxiety and reduced cognition in rat pups.
Physicists at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg and Central South University found a way to enhance magnetism's response to electrical fields by stacking magnetic layers. This mechanism can be precisely controlled, allowing for efficient electrical control of magnetic signals.
A new study found that community forest management policies often result in weakened rights and less access to forests for local populations. Despite positive outcomes in some cases, the overall results show a series of trade-offs between people and the environment. The research highlights the need for governments to ensure that commun...
Researchers aim to boost protection against severe flu infection in babies under 6 months with a new vaccine approach.
Researchers discovered that targeted financial incentives, leasing models, and property-assessed clean energy financing increase solar adoption equity in low- and middle-income households. This expansion can lead to a spillover effect, making surrounding neighborhoods more likely to adopt solar as well.
A study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter found a significantly higher risk of death and ICU mortality. However, meta-analyses examining the effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on COVID-19 outcomes showed no increased risk of contracting COVID-19 or dying from the illness.
An MIT-led team simulates nuclear interactions, finding a universal short-range pairing behavior that applies to all types of atomic nuclei. This discovery helps investigate neutron stars and heavy radioactive nuclei.
Two studies presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020 found that marijuana use is associated with a higher risk of stroke and post-procedure bleeding after PCI. However, marijuana smokers also experienced a decreased risk of acute kidney injury compared to non-users.
The workshop aimed to address the knowledge gap in tidal marshes by discussing key issues, including public awareness, conservation efforts, and sea-level rise impacts. The meeting drew experts from various fields, from undergraduate students to retired leaders, to share perspectives on tidal marsh ecology.
A new study reveals India's slow transition to clean cooking fuels due to women's perceptions of firewood as a better option for family wellbeing. The research found that both firewood and LPG users believe their chosen fuel supports at least some key dimensions of wellbeing.
Researchers found a significant association between ozone levels and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, with a 1% increased risk for every 12 parts per billion increase in ozone. The study also showed that the relationship was present even at concentrations below the EPA air quality standard.
A study presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020 found that women veterans with PTSD have a 44% higher risk of developing ischemic heart disease compared to those without PTSD. The increased risk was most prominent in younger women, especially those under 40 years old.
The Georgia State University research team is developing a program called BE WITH to reduce social isolation and elevated suicide risk in racially diverse older adults. They will evaluate the effectiveness of the training for nutrition service volunteers who work with old adults in six metro Atlanta counties.
An Italian team has successfully recreated the pathological condition of Kabuki syndrome in a test tube, revealing the impact on the cell nucleus and bone formation. The study identifies a potential therapeutic approach by targeting a nuclear protein that responds to mechanical signals.
A new rapid test has shown solid diagnostic performance in distinguishing between patients with and without periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), a serious complication of total joint replacement. The test, which measures alpha-defensin levels in synovial fluid, achieved high sensitivity and specificity rates.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate the inflammatory response, extending their beneficial effects even after being cleared from the system. The study sheds light on how MSCs suppress T cell activation and reprogram disease-fighting cells to promote healing.
Researchers found that adding tree nuts to a Western-style diet improves sperm count, viability, motility, and morphology. Nut consumption also alters specific sperm DNA methylation patterns, with 97.2% of regions displaying hypermethylation.
Pregnancy-related high blood pressure rates have increased by nearly 50% nationwide, with rural women facing higher risks. The study highlights the need for preventative care before pregnancy, particularly in rural areas where access to quality care is limited.
Research found that areas with better air quality and higher greenness measures have lower rates of heart disease deaths. The study suggests that promoting environmental policies to support increased green spaces could lead to improved cardiovascular health.
A new open-source tool, CRYLOGGER, analyzes thousands of Android apps to detect cryptographic misuses without requiring access to the app's code. The study found that nearly all popular Android apps contain code or use libraries that do not strictly adhere to security standards.
A lack of recommended sleep can lead to poor athletic performance, as well as increased risk of injury and illness in young athletes. The study emphasizes the importance of adequate sleep for youth athletes to perform at their best.
A 12-week standing intervention program significantly reduced sitting time and increased standing time among overweight, sedentary Latinas. The program, tailored to cultural and family-oriented aspects of Latino communities, resulted in an average reduction of 71 minutes daily sitting and an increase of nearly 50 minutes per day standing.
The discovery of a new fossil specimen at Drimolen cave system reveals subtle anatomical changes in Paranthropus robustus, challenging the long-held assumption that males were larger than females. The findings suggest that environmental conditions drove rapid evolutionary changes in the species.
Researchers have discovered embryo-like microfossils in Greenland, dating back 570 million years, which could provide new insights into the origin of animals. The finds are significant as they reveal that these organisms were dispersed throughout the world, challenging previous assumptions about their distribution.
Researchers at Shinshu University successfully cultivated AM fungi independently using myristate as a fuel source. The breakthrough could lead to the development of sustainable fertilizers for agriculture and forestry, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers.
Researchers from Tohoku University developed a new method for creating MOF thin films with designable pores, opening up its use for humidity sensing, gas sensing and resistive switching devices. The 'layer-by-layer' method involves sequential immersing of substrates into ingredient solutions.
A new study finds that e-cigarette use is associated with a higher risk of cigarette smoking among adolescents who had no prior intention of taking up conventional smoking. E-cigarette users are more than four times more likely to start smoking cigarettes one year later compared to non-users.
A study analyzing over 20,000 participants found that healthy lifestyle behaviors decreased the risk of death regardless of medication usage. Higher numbers of healthy habits led to lower death risks.
Research by Ashley Larsen and Frederik Noack found that less diverse croplands lead to greater variability in pesticide use, while more diverse landscapes reduce pesticide application. The study suggests strategies for increasing food production while minimizing environmental impact.
A recent study has clarified the life history of the devastating plant pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, revealing a complex life cycle with a previously unknown sexual stage. The research provides fundamental insights into the pathogen's biology and its interactions with host plants.
Researchers at uOttawa and The Ottawa Hospital will use the funding to manufacture innovative treatments and vaccines for COVID-19. They plan to produce a cell-based therapy, antibody-based treatments, and home-grown COVID-19 vaccines.
Researchers have developed nanoparticles that can cross the blood-brain barrier and be captured by neuronal cells, enabling direct drug delivery to the brain. This breakthrough finding holds promise for improved treatment of neurodegenerative diseases affecting millions of Canadians.
A study by WVU finance professor Alexander Kurov and his co-author Chen Gu found that firm-level Twitter content can predict next-day stock returns and contains information about upcoming analyst recommendation changes, quarterly earnings surprises, and opening prices of initial public offerings. This research has important implication...
Researchers found that the CRELD1 gene helps maintain immune function, and its low activity is linked to reduced T cell counts and increased risk of infections. The study aims to slow down immunological aging, potentially reducing illness risk in seniors.
Researchers will investigate the role of Cyp2b genes, human CYP2B6 gene, and environmental toxicants like PFOS in obesity and fatty liver disease. The study aims to understand complex interactions between diet, fat stores, and genetic factors.
Georgia State University researchers have developed a software tool called COINSTAC, which allows for local data analysis and sharing of results, protecting patient privacy and anonymity. The platform is designed to be compatible with deep learning models, enabling the training of analyses on decentralized databases.
Research shows that adult global longitudinal strain declines significantly with increased exposure to secondhand smoke in childhood. The study found a link between childhood smoking exposure and decreased heart function in adulthood, highlighting the importance of protecting children from passive smoking.