A team of astronomers using Gemini North's GNIRS instrument discovered that CK Vulpeculae, a bright new star in 1670, is approximately five times farther away and has ejected gas at much higher speeds than previously reported. The new findings suggest the explosion was far more violent, releasing roughly 25 times more energy than a nova.
A new study by Northwestern University researchers found that historical bias affects COVID-19 research, with only 611 out of 2,064 relevant genes being studied. The study highlights the need to explore understudied genes and broaden scientific study beyond current trends.
The NSF's National Solar Observatory has predicted the arrival of a large sunspot on November 18, coinciding with Thanksgiving. The prediction uses helioseismology to detect changes in sound waves from the Sun's interior and is valuable for understanding space weather effects.
In response to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, Bay Area public health officials issued the first U.S. regional shelter-in-place order in mid-March 2020. They share their experience on crisis decision-making approach, including meta-leadership and decision intelligence, which improved routine team decisions.
A simple technique developed by researchers at the University of Waterloo can now effectively detect pyrethroids in honey, a common pesticide hazard for bees. The extraction method, using solid phase microextraction (SPME), makes it possible to measure safe levels and identify locations with high pesticide use.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have created a drug that can lure stem cells to damaged tissue, improving treatment efficacy for neurological disorders. The discovery could expand the use of stem cell therapies to new conditions such as heart disease or arthritis.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed a cost-effective way to detect security threats in vehicle networks using graph-based anomaly detection techniques. This simple method requires less energy than machine learning or AI methods and can be easily adapted by car manufacturers.
Researchers found previously unknown changes in brain networks after polio and neurological diseases like MND/ALS, suggesting abnormal communication between muscles and brain. The study increases understanding of brain plasticity and its implications for rehabilitation and new biomarker development.
Researchers have created a bioactive plant-based nanocellulose hydrogel to support organoid growth for biomedical applications. The gel is cheaper than current gold standard options, cost-effective and animal-free.
Researchers discovered that high seawater temperatures caused sponges to die and disappear from Israel's shallow waters. The study found that prolonged exposure to high temperatures led to multi-system damage in sponges, making them unable to recover and survive.
Starting RASi lowers KRT risk while maintaining similar cardiovascular risks as CCB in advanced CKD patients. This nationwide study suggests RASi may slow kidney disease progression and offer cardiovascular protection.
A new method enables specific inhibition and removal of DNA methylation at targeted locations using enzymatic photocaging. This technique involves attaching photocages to AdoMet analogues, which are then transferred to methylation sites, allowing for precise control over gene regulation.
Researchers identified Sestrin as a key regulator of stem cell function and lifespan in response to dietary amino acids. Increasing Sestrin levels extended fruit fly lifespan and protected against negative diet effects.
A study by Louisiana State University researchers found that social distancing measures significantly reduced COVID-19 infection rates in heavily impacted states. The analysis showed a substantial drop in infection rates following public policy measures like stay-at-home orders and mask mandates.
University of Cincinnati researchers discovered that certain immune cells respond to immunotherapy by increasing activity in potassium ion channels, allowing them to more effectively target and kill cancer cells. However, patients who do not respond to treatment lack this increased channel activity.
A new study reveals that dolphins adjust their heart rate to suit the length of their planned dive, conserving oxygen and avoiding decompression sickness. This conscious adjustment allows them to safely dive for long periods, providing insights into marine mammal physiology.
Researchers found a significant increase in emergency department visits for children who swallowed small high-powered magnets after changes in federal regulations. The study suggests that the rise in magnet-related injuries may be attributed to the new rules, which have allowed for the sale of these magnets without safety restrictions.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have created a compact, low-power 'head only' MRI scanner for brain imaging. The device can be mounted in ambulances or clinics and emits less noise than traditional scanners.
A new academy project at Goethe University Frankfurt will digitallyize over 40,000 Martin Buber letters and make them accessible. The project aims to understand Buber's life, work, and intellectual network, shedding light on the 20th century's history.
Researchers develop efficient immunization strategy using limited network information, significantly reducing disease spread for small groups of individuals. By focusing on the most connected nodes, they achieve a lower fraction of nodes needed to stop the epidemic, highlighting the potential for effective control measures.
Scientists at UC San Diego have identified a biological switch, or receptor, that sounds an alarm in plants when herbivores attack, enabling plant recognition of danger. The discovery offers new strategies for improving plant health and resistance to crop pest damage.
High-frequency sound waves revolutionize ultrasound-driven chemistry, enabling the development of innovative biomedical technologies and advanced materials. Researchers can deliver drugs to the lungs for painless vaccinations and create protective nanoparticles using patented nebulisation technology.
A new study finds that anxiety is independently associated with cognitive decline and a faster progression to Alzheimer's disease, even in patients without genetic risk factors or brain volume loss. The researchers recommend screening for anxiety disorders in elderly individuals to potentially slow cognitive decline.
The University of Oklahoma faculty member will explore innovative ways to break down various types of plastic, including multi-layered packaging, to increase recyclability. The research aims to design catalysts that target impurities, producing a pure stream of higher value material.
Scientists have created a set of design guidelines to enhance the efficiency of molecular materials in solar cells. By understanding how particles travel through devices, researchers discovered that maximizing exciton diffusion length can improve organic solar cell performance.
The Cleveland Clinic has successfully used a recent FDA-approved ablation technology to treat patients with large liver tumors. The minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a microwave needle into the tumor and delivering heat to destroy it, resulting in better postoperative recovery and reduced risk of complications.
A new 'combustion synthesis' process has been established for producing safe and sustainable nuclear fuels. Actinide nitride fuels offer improved thermal conductivity and energy density compared to uranium dioxide, potentially revolutionizing the nuclear power industry.
Researchers have identified small-seeded native plants that may have fed as many Indigenous people as maize, thanks to the presence of bison. By following bison trails and paths in tallgrass prairies, scientists were able to harvest seeds from continuous stands of these crops, including little barley, sumpweed, and maygrass.
Researchers at UC Riverside developed a simple, inexpensive way to measure drug dissolution that addresses shortcomings of existing methods. The technique uses a vibrating tube sensor to monitor the weight of individual pellets as they dissolve, providing accurate and continuous measurements.
A new genus and species of Loricifera have been discovered in Japan's deep sea, improving the understanding of the species' diversity. The discovery was made by researchers from Tohoku University, who found the species inhabiting areas between 177m to 1059m below the sea.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis assessed the climate change scenario framework, which combines alternative futures of climate and society. The study found that the framework has been widely applied in over 1,400 studies, enabling research on combined impacts of socioeconomic and climate changes.
The METRIC model was used to simulate and evaluate surface evapotranspiration in Nepal, showing good applicability and accuracy. The study found an inverse relation between elevation and ET, highlighting its potential for irrigation management and soil moisture assessment in the country's mountainous regions.
Researchers developed an animal-free method to predict nanoparticle toxicity, enabling safer industrial materials production and reducing environmental risks. The new approach identifies key cellular events triggering inflammation, allowing for high-throughput testing and connectable with in silico modeling.
The American Physical Society's Division of Fluid Dynamics awarded posters and videos on fluid motion phenomena, including COVID-19 spread and turbulent convection. The gallery highlights the science behind these topics through stunning visuals.
Scientists at Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science analyzed parent compound NdNiO2 using first-principles calculations and Gutzwiller variational method. They found that electron Fermi pockets are contributed by Ni-3dx2-y2 orbitals and a two-band model can be constructed to reproduce all bands around Fermi level.
A recent analysis found that Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) may reduce the cost of medical care for patients undergoing dialysis. The study discovered modest cost savings for Medicare beneficiaries in ACOs, especially those who received regular primary care physician visits.
A research team at RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research successfully evolved Escherichia coli under antibiotic pressure, identifying mechanisms and constraints underlying drug resistance. The findings can be used to develop strategies that minimize the chance of bacteria developing resistance.
Research shows that restoring degraded grasslands in tropical semi-arid regions can replenish soil organic carbon, restore herbaceous biomass, and improve plant biodiversity. This effort can also help regulate water flows, provide fodder for livestock, and support the livelihoods of millions of people worldwide.
A national survey of nearly 4,000 people found that 51% of Americans support paying college athletes more than the cost of tuition, with race and traditionalism being key factors. The study also found that Black adults were 2.5 times more likely to agree with athlete pay.
Researchers found that people can recall past events with a high degree of accuracy (94%), despite age and time, suggesting that the stories we tell about past events are generally accurate.
Researchers at MBL found that small marine animals with multiple propulsers create negative pressure behind them to propel forward. This phenomenon, dubbed 'suction thrust,' is common among animals with metachronal kinematics.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that better medical-surgical nurse staffing has a greater effect on black patients than white patients, and differences in survival to discharge after an IHCA are more pronounced in poorly staffed hospitals. The study included over 14,000 patients in 75 US hospitals.
A study by University of Edinburgh researchers found that maternal stress levels during pregnancy affect the baby's brain development, particularly the amygdala. The findings highlight the need for pregnant women to receive mental and physical health support to promote healthy brain development in their babies.
Pitt researchers found that insufficient social support and unrealistic weight loss expectations can predict dissatisfaction with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Higher physical activity levels after surgery improve mental and physical quality of life, regardless of weight loss.
Researchers found that face masks made of hybrid polymer materials can filter particles efficiently while cooling the face. Consistent mask-wearing by at least 70% of the public could lead to the eradication of COVID-19 if efficient masks are used, according to epidemiological studies.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that improved air quality under the Clean Air Act saved nearly 20 percent of birdlife in the US, potentially averting 1.5 billion bird deaths over the past 40 years.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Colorado found that 80-90% of adolescents experience remission of obesity-related complications after bariatric surgery. The study suggests that patients' health improves regardless of whether they sustain high levels of weight loss long-term.
Researchers discover anthraquinone-forming enzyme in plants, enabling mass production of plant-based medicines. The breakthrough could lead to more efficient and sustainable methods for producing these valuable compounds.
Researchers found that flavanol-enriched cocoa drink improved blood oxygenation levels in the brain, leading to enhanced cognitive performance. Participants completed complex tasks faster and with higher accuracy after consuming the flavanol-rich drink.
A virtual study using AI technology is evaluating speech disorders related to Parkinson's disease, aiming to improve assessment and treatment options. The study aims to provide insights into standardization, earlier diagnoses, and tracking discrete changes to guide interventions.
Researchers developed graphene-coated nickel, cobalt, aluminum nanoparticle cathodes to improve lithium-ion battery performance, reducing degradation mechanisms and increasing energy density. The new design showed low impedance, high rate performance, and long cycling lifetimes.
Researchers at KU Leuven developed a technique that uses brainwaves to determine within one second whom you're listening to. The system separates sound signals and links them to brainwaves, allowing for faster identification of the desired speaker.
Researchers from the University of Oldenburg are using virtual reality to better understand auditory perception, particularly in noisy environments. They aim to clarify how complicated processes such as perception, attention, and memory can be investigated using new interactive VR methods.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have discovered a potential treatment for heart failure after a significant heart attack. MCB-613, a small molecule stimulator, has been shown to decrease damaging remodeling and inhibit the development of heart failure in mice.
Researchers found that dynamic interplay of brain wave frequencies, rather than dedicated circuitry, governs the brain's knack for highlighting surprising and downplaying predictable stimuli. This regulatory system has a key role in predictive coding, which is disrupted in autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers from University of Konstanz and LMU Munich demonstrate ultrafast electron diffraction to uncover nanomaterials' functionality. They observe quantum mechanical phase shift through interaction with light waves, providing a movie-like sequence of images revealing fundamental light-matter interactions.
A study found that 54% of Singaporeans are aware of deepfakes, with one in three reporting sharing content that turned out to be a hoax. The survey highlights the need for education on dealing with deepfakes, which have become increasingly prevalent online.
Researchers at POSTECH developed organic spacer molecular additive to improve perovskite solar cells' photoelectric efficiency and stability. The new material reduces internal defects and increases moisture resistance, achieving 21.3% efficiency and maintaining over 80% of initial performance under humid conditions.
Researchers from University of Innsbruck introduce quantum magic squares, a non-commutative generalization of classical magic squares. Quantum magic squares cannot be easily characterized by convex combinations of quantum permutation matrices, as previously thought.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that young Brazilians are becoming more interested in environmental and scientific topics as they begin high school. However, the level of interest varies by region, with students from the North being more enthusiastic about learning about local wildlife and biodiversity.