New research reveals that social distancing rules may be futile once indoors due to the dynamic behavior of droplets. The study suggests masks and air quality play a crucial role in disease transmission, with some droplets surviving longer than previously believed.
African American cancer survivors in Detroit reported common social needs, including food insecurity and housing instability, which were associated with lower health-related quality of life. The study highlights the need for a social safety net to address these disparities.
The study uses data-driven techniques and machine-learning architectures to improve the accuracy and efficiency of modeling processes. The researchers found that convolutional neural networks (CNN) and physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have potential in optimizing modeling processes for specific aspects of the solution process.
A recent study reveals that the Milky Way galaxy is being warped and twisted by the gravitational force of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a smaller galaxy that crossed its boundary 700 million years ago. The effects are still being witnessed today and should force a revision of how our galaxy evolved.
A novel targeted therapy, POMHEX, has been developed to block metabolic pathways in brain cancer cells with specific genetic defects. The study found that the small-molecule enolase inhibitor effectively killed brain cancer cells missing ENO1, and showed promise in animal models of this type of cancer.
The Argonne team developed a high-performance, iterative reconstruction system for noninvasive imaging at synchrotron facilities. Their novel optimizations enabled reconstruction of large 3D volumes in under 3 minutes using 24,576 GPUs.
Research on ice sheet weathering reveals that meltwaters from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets contain higher concentrations of key trace elements than typical rivers. This suggests long water residence times or increased weathering of minerals underlying the ice sheets, potentially affecting local marine environments.
Scientists have developed a novel approach to reprogram T cells into long-lived, highly active 'super immune cells' that can fight multiple types of cancer. This breakthrough could lead to more effective and durable anti-cancer responses with existing treatments.
The new 'green Med' diet contains more plant-based foods, green tea, and Mankai (duckweed) than the traditional version. After six months, those on the green Med diet lost more weight, had lower waist circumference, and improved cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors.
Researchers found a significant association between COVID-19 infection and an increased risk of mortality due to blood clots. The study suggests that thromboembolism may be a critical factor in COVID-19-related deaths, particularly among hospitalized patients.
Scientists have discovered a breakthrough in understanding the enzyme responsible for producing fish odour syndrome. By stabilizing and inhibiting the CntA protein, researchers hope to develop new drugs that can target and reduce TMA formation in the gut microbiome.
Thicker electrodes with greater surface roughness improve resistance switching memory cell characteristics. The study found that such electrodes reduce forming and switching voltages, increase endurance to 50 million cycles, and enhance device performance.
Researchers have identified specific geographic areas in the US where women diagnosed with early-onset colorectal cancer before age 50 face higher mortality rates. The study found nearly one quarter of adults in hot spot counties reported no physical activity, and fertility may contribute to this variation.
India's metropolitan cities face a devastating diabetes crisis, with over half of men (55%) and two-thirds of women (65%) projected to develop type 2 diabetes in their lifetime. Obesity is a major factor, with obese individuals facing significantly reduced life expectancy without diabetes.
A new study by Rice University scientists has developed atomic resolution protein models that show frustration is necessary for protein function and can lead to better drug specificity. The models allow for the incorporation of co-factors like drug molecules, providing insight into why ligands bind best with specific proteins.
Researchers at Goethe University demonstrated that the protease inhibitor aprotinin can inhibit SARS-CoV2 replication by preventing viral entry into host cells. Aprotinin also compensates for reduced endogenous protease inhibitors in virus-infected cells.
Researchers found that subglacial lakes and rivers release significant amounts of trace elements, exceeding oceanic and riverine concentrations. These findings suggest that ice sheets play a key role in regional nutrient mobilization, with implications for climate change and the global carbon cycle.
The University of Arizona is among lead institutions in a $100 million consortium to study flight at five times the speed of sound. Over 60 member universities will work with government agencies and industry to accelerate research and technology for hypersonic flight.
Engineers have discovered how zinc oxide surfaces and natural hydrodynamic churning can kill pathogens, with applications in water disinfection and airborne virus control. The technique uses reactive oxygen species to damage bacterial cell walls, making it effective against both surface and waterborne pathogens.
Researchers at USF Health developed a 3D-printed nasal swab that performed as well as traditional flocked swabs, collecting viral cells and holding them for up to three days. The team printed over 100k samples in the first clinical trial.
Researchers at CCNY have overcome barriers for bio-inspired solar energy harvesting materials by using small cross-linking molecules to stabilize supra-molecular assemblies. This breakthrough could transform sustainable solar energy technologies and improve their efficiency.
People with diabetes and eye disease are at a higher risk of requiring intubation when hospitalized with COVID-19. Diabetic retinopathy was associated with a five-fold increased risk for intubation in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19.
The study resolves the Hamilton-Tian conjecture, which posits that most space is perfect, while singularities can be restricted to low-dimensional spaces. This breakthrough has far-reaching implications for studies of Ricci flows, thermal expansion, and contraction.
A recent study reconstructed the geologic events leading to the 2018 Kīlauea eruption, revealing a sequence of cascading events that drove major destruction. The research team found that focusing on broader, longer history can help overcome tunnel vision and improve eruption forecasting.
Researchers used bioengineered models of patient-specific skin to study how inherited DNA defects cause skin damage and deadly squamous cell carcinoma in children with Fanconi anemia. The study identified key biological connections important to skin formation and function, leading to accelerated blistering and disease progression.
The Pneumask device uses full-face snorkel masks with 3D-printed filter-holders to create a comfortable and effective face shield. Researchers also designed filters inspired by the nasal cavities of animals like dogs and pigs, which have super-sensitive sniffers and can block micron-sized particles.
Researchers have identified a new class of glial cells in the cornea, known as Schwann cells, with unique genetic properties that could help improve wound healing and nerve regeneration after surgeries and corneal transplants. The study's findings may also provide insights into conditions like dry eye and LASIK-related side effects.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated the interaction between infrared light and molecular vibrations, leading to the formation of hybrid polaritons. The study's findings could pave the way for ultrasensitive spectroscopy devices and a deeper understanding of strong vibrational coupling on the nanoscale.
Scientists have discovered how drug-like small molecules can regulate the activity of therapeutically relevant ion channels, providing new avenues for drug discovery. The study reveals how Pico145 binds to TRPC5 channels, preventing them from opening, and highlights the importance of individual amino acid residues in this binding site.
Bioinformaticians at Friedrich Schiller University Jena developed a new method called CANOPUS that assigns structural properties to unidentified metabolites, increasing knowledge gained from examining molecules. The two-stage process uses machine learning methods to identify compound classes.
The US seafood industry experienced a significant decline in catches, imports, and exports during the pandemic. Small-scale fisheries were more affected than large-scale production systems, highlighting the need for targeted federal support to preserve local operations and promote resilience.
A team of researchers developed an AI model that estimates thoughts by evaluating behavior, then tested it on a trained artificial brain. The study found neural activity associated with those estimates, providing new insights into the brain's computations involved in complex behavior.
Researchers have identified the molecular mechanism by which tarantula venom traps voltage sensors on sodium channels, effectively immobilizing nerve signals. This finding may lead to the development of new pain therapeutics that target the Nav1.7 channel, a key player in pain transmission.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons suggests that Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act may lead to earlier diagnoses of colon cancer. Researchers found improved access to care and enhanced surgical care for patients with colon cancer in states that implemented Medicaid expansion.
A study analyzed 250 top-grossing US movies from 1994-2018, comparing the nutritional quality of food and beverage depictions to dietary guidelines. The findings indicate that movie foods often exceed recommended levels of calories, added sugars, and saturated fats.
A study published in PNAS reports a breakthrough treatment for type 1 diabetes in mice, utilizing a combination of haploidentical mixed chimersim and administration of gastrin and epidermal growth factor. This approach successfully reversed autoimmunity, augmented beta cell regeneration, and normalized blood glucose levels by reactivat...
Sandia National Laboratories successfully completed the first flight test of the B61-12 nuclear bomb on the F-35A Lightning II fighter jet, demonstrating its compatibility and versatility. The test was part of a larger program to increase confidence in the bomb's reliability and effectiveness.
Vaccination of endangered tiger population against canine distemper virus could reduce extinction probability from 15.8% to 5.7%
The article argues for a revitalized view of history in ecology and evolution, proposing nine understandings of history to generalize findings and observe scientific laws. These 'flavors' include contingency, chance, chaos, capriciousness, approach, constraint, construction, turnover, and template.
A Canadian study found that people with frequent alcohol-related emergency department visits have a high mortality rate, especially among young adults, urban dwellers, and those from low-income neighborhoods. The risk of death doubles for those with five or more visits.
A new World Health Organization Labour Care Guide was evaluated in six countries for its usability, feasibility and acceptability among healthcare providers. The study found that the guide supported woman-centered care and precise monitoring during labor, with providers identifying design improvements.
Researchers propose a two-phase theory for neurodegenerative disorders, with distinct activities of protein signaling pathways in each phase. This understanding could lead to personalized treatment approaches for patients in different stages of the disease.
A systematic review found financial payments from the drug industry to US physicians are associated with increased prescribing of the paying drug company's medication. The association was consistent across all studies, suggesting a causal link between industry gifts and physician prescribing practices.
Polyimidazolium compounds exhibited effective antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The inability of this pathogen to evolve resistance suggests potential as a new class of antibiotics for combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
A chemist from RUDN University synthesized analogs of two natural toxins, antofine and septicine, using a universal approach. The new method involves just two steps, the four-component Ugi reaction and cyclization reaction, and can produce compounds with antibacterial, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Australian researchers have discovered a protein called SMCHD1 involved in the 'imprinting' process, where mother's proteins linger in her child's genes and switch off at least 10 different genes. This phenomenon could potentially have a lifelong impact on the offspring.
Researchers have found that excessive calcium triggers inflammation in ischemic strokes, leading to worse outcomes. Targeting this calcium overload may offer a new way to control inflammation and improve patient recovery.
Researchers discover that micron-sized water droplets can spontaneously form hydrogen peroxide, regardless of surface type or temperature conditions. This finding has implications for environment-friendly disinfection technology and atmospheric sciences.
Researchers discovered the precise construction of moths wings that enable extraordinary ultrasound-absorptive properties, creating a resonant absorber 100 times thinner than sound wavelength. This breakthrough inspires the design of ultra-thin sound absorbers for homes and offices.
A new common framework for increasing comparability of research findings on coral bleaching has been developed by an international consortium of scientists. The framework covers key variables such as temperature, water flow, and light, allowing researchers to anchor their studies and compare results more easily.
A team of researchers discovered that young alligators can regrow their tails up to three-quarters of a foot, or 18% of their total body length. The new tails are complex structures composed of cartilage surrounded by connective tissue with blood vessels and nerves.
The PEDSnet report analyzes over 135,000 medical records to reveal disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among children. Children from lower-income families, Black, Latinx, and Asian groups are more likely to be infected, while those with diabetes or cancer fare significantly worse than others.
Researchers found that triclosan disrupts metabolism and the gut microbiome, leading to accelerated development of fatty liver and fibrosis. The study provides new insights into risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans.
Research suggests that psychosis symptoms may be linked to impaired information spread in the brain, with altered white matter contributing to delusions and other symptoms. The study found increased consciousness thresholds in patients with psychosis, correlating with greater white matter connectivity.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology developed a non-invasive method to measure electrolyte levels, particularly potassium, through electrocardiogram. This can help prevent life-threatening conditions among people with chronic kidney disease.
A new fluorescent imaging technique allows scientists to observe up to five different molecule types at a time, enabling them to study complex signaling networks and their relationships. By identifying two populations of neurons with distinct calcium signaling dynamics, researchers hope to understand how they encode long-term memories.
Researchers at Penn State created functional membraneless 'protocells' from short polymers that can sequester RNA and maintain distinct internal microenvironments. The protocells were stable in various salt concentrations and performed certain functions of a protocell, suggesting they could be relevant models for early life on Earth.
Researchers reconstructed atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, global sea level, and ice volume for a period around 2.75 to 2.4 million years ago. The study highlights the EAIS's vulnerability to melting due to rising atmospheric CO2 levels and climate change.
The study introduces a new generation of multifunctional materials created by adding carbon nanoparticles to polymer matrices, allowing for self-sensing properties. This technology has the potential to replace sensors in weight-critical systems and manufacture electrically conductive materials for various applications.
Astronomers detected near-infrared emission 10 times brighter than predicted, challenging conventional theories of short gamma-ray bursts. The observations suggest the possibility of a massive magnetar being formed after the merger of two neutron stars.
Researchers uncovered evidence of human occupations along South Africa's eastern seaboard from 35,000 years ago to 10,000 years ago, providing insights into coastal foraging during glacial periods. The study reveals that people had access to the sea and could live near coastlines even during the Last Glacial Maximum.
A new forecasting model developed by Washington University in St. Louis predicts COVID-19 cases will nearly double to 20 million by the end of January, with current levels at 11.4 million.
Researchers found that slower-moving bacteria outcompete faster-moving cells in densely packed groups, allowing them to spread across surfaces. This discovery sheds light on how bacteria spread within the body during infections.
Researchers at Kyoto University discovered a method to introduce defects into perovskite oxynitrides using strain, altering their physical properties. The approach could aid in developing photocatalysts.
Researchers have identified a population of brain cells in the amygdala linked to physiological arousal responses, which can drive symptoms of anxiety disorders. These findings suggest that targeting these neurons may lead to new treatments for psychiatric illnesses.
Recent studies published in Annals of Internal Medicine investigate the association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, as well as vaccine development timelines. Additionally, research highlights the potential benefits of home health care for COVID-19 survivors after hospital discharge.
This observational study describes testing and outcomes for nearly 136,000 US pediatric patients. The study found no significant association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 illness in this population.
The US seafood industry is experiencing a significant downturn due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with monthly fresh seafood exports declining by up to 43% and catches dropping by 40% in some months. The study suggests that American fishmongers may struggle without government aid.
Researchers developed a stable oxide scaffold for perovskite solar cells, allowing for easy removal and replacement of the material while maintaining performance. The new design achieved around 11.08% power conversion efficiency upon perovskite replacement.
Researchers found triclosan suppressed FGF21 expression and altered genes involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism. Triclosan also accelerated liver disease development in mice with type I diabetes and changed gut microbiota similar to NASH patients.
Researchers have discovered that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can swell immediately after an injury or stroke, leading to a more efficient clearance of toxic proteins from the brain. This breakthrough could lead to new insights into health and disease, as well as novel treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
A prestigious $16 million European Research Council Synergy Grant has been awarded to Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and an international team of researchers. The team aims to develop novel thermodynamic measurement methods for studying quantum electronic devices.
Researchers at EMBL Heidelberg used 3D imaging techniques to visualize the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells. The study reveals massive changes in cellular architecture, including the creation of mini replication compartments where viral genomes are amplified.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered how forest-dwelling bacteria cooperate to build fruiting bodies when food is scarce, using the physics behind fingerprint patterns and topological defects. The study reveals new insights into the physics-biology intersection and highlights the value of interdisciplinary collaboration.
A recent study reveals correlations between clusters, observing the development of new mutations and transmission chains. The research provides important insights for pandemic control and may help assess whether treatments influence virus mutation characteristics.
A new therapeutic PD-1 cancer vaccine has been shown to be safe and effective in an animal study, activating both B- and T-cell functions to promote tumor clearance. The vaccine is targeted to block signaling pathways crucial for tumor growth and maintenance, offering a promising approach to immunotherapy.
Researchers demonstrate the existence of exotic Bloch oscillations in crystals with intrinsic non-Abelian fields, characterized by a multiplication of the oscillation period. These phenomena are perfectly synchronized with internal states of the crystal and shed new light on topological quantum matter.
Researchers have found a closer look at the behavior of electrons in strange metals, which could allow them to understand a mechanism for superconductivity at higher temperatures. This work is crucial for designing high-temperature superconductors that can power cities and levitate cars.
Researchers have developed a contact lens that uses tiny channels to collect tears and measure biomarkers like sodium ions and glucose molecules. The lens can detect changes in tear pH and flow rates, offering a potential solution for preventing dry eye disease and monitoring diabetic patients.
A study found that Latinx, African American, and African international students experienced elevated stress arousal in response to perceived racism. Rumination on racism was associated with increased negative emotions across all groups.
A new microneedle skin patch has been developed by UConn researchers to provide immunization against infectious diseases through a single administration. The patch triggers a high immune response and offers a long-term protection similar to multiple injections.
George Mason University will lead a $111 million public-private partnership, Cybersecurity Manufacturing Innovation Institute (CyManII), to introduce cybersecure energy-ROI and drive American manufacturers. The university's well-recognized strength in cybersecurity research positions it well to support the five-year goals of CyManII.
A new study reveals that Z-drugs are associated with adverse effects similar to benzodiazepines, particularly for people with dementia taking higher doses. The research recommends avoiding higher dose Z-drugs and instead considering non-pharmacological alternatives.
A multi-institution team identified the genetic mechanisms enabling the production of Victorin, a deadly toxin causing Victoria blight in oats. The study discovered that Victorin genes are scattered across repetitive regions in the pathogen genome, expanding the potential for small molecule discovery.
Researchers analyzed a massive dataset of seasonal events across the former Soviet Union and found that species' activities fail to keep up with their cues due to past evolution. Local adaptation patterns result in a massive imprint on nature's calendar, making geographic variation in seasonal timing more pronounced in spring and less ...
The Canadian Partnership for Research in Immunotherapy Manufacturing Excellence (CanPRIME) provides hands-on manufacturing training to develop novel biotherapeutics, including vaccines and therapies that incorporate viruses, cells, and genes. Nearly 50 individuals will be trained over five years.
Researchers at NASA's John H. Glenn Research Center use microgravity to study fire whirls, shedding light on ways fires burn without gravity and informing protective measures for astronauts. New computational fluid dynamics models improve predictions of wildfire behavior by accounting for varying fuel moisture content.
A study found that topography, rather than vegetation, is the main factor leading to genetic diversity of Bokermannohyla ibitiguara, a tree frog endemic to the Serra da Canastra mountain range. The flatter terrain allows for greater dispersal and increased genetic diversity.
A study of over 300,000 UK births found that many new mothers miss their scheduled postnatal check-ups, with younger women and those from deprived areas being the least likely to attend. This gap in care can have serious consequences for women's physical and mental health.
A University of Houston study analyzed sales data of restaurants in China before and during the pandemic, revealing revenue from delivery services increased by over 26%. Fine dining establishments saw a significant variation in financial performance, with discounts not effective in increasing sales.
Researchers have developed a new theory for observing the quantum vacuum, which could lead to new insights into black hole behavior. By using sound particles and ultra-cold atoms, they created a two-dimensional cloud where sound waves become audible to an accelerated observer in a silent phonon vacuum.
Scientists are studying the infrasound signatures of tornadoes to develop more accurate prediction and warning systems. Researchers have found that these vibrations can travel long distances quickly and through different media, potentially allowing for early detection of tornadoes from far away.
Researchers find molecular fossils extracted from 635-million-year-old rocks are not the earliest evidence of animals, but rather common algae. The discovery sheds light on the origin of animal ancestors and their abundance in ancient oceans.
Researchers at UT Austin created the smallest memory device yet, shrinking its cross-sectional area to a single square nanometer. Defects in materials unlock dense memory storage capabilities, paving the way for ultra-dense storage, neuromorphic computing systems, and more.
A recent study by Dr. Jeff Russell highlights the risks of concussions for performing artists, particularly stunt performers, who often go unnoticed in comparison to athletes. The research emphasizes the need for better treatment guidelines and healthcare resources for this segment of performers.
Researchers found significant differences in substance use, socioemotional health and academic achievement across Somali, Hmong and Latino youth. Acculturated individuals were more likely to engage in substance use and have lower academic achievement.
Researchers at MLU discovered that special activity trackers can accurately measure respiratory rates while sleeping, offering a new diagnostic tool. The study showed that minimal arm movements can provide more precise conclusions about breathing than standard ECGs.
Researchers found that the medicinal plant Lu Bei has evolved camouflage in response to human harvesting, changing color from brown to green depending on collection intensity. The study suggests that this adaptation may weaken the plant's attractiveness to pollinators.
Women continue to be underrepresented in math-intensive STEM fields due to country-specific differences in gender stereotypes, with the strongest stereotypes found in wealthy countries. Economic development and gender equality rights are associated with reshaping rather than suppressing these stereotypes.
A University of Stirling study found a decrease in self-reported sea turtle egg consumption and poaching of adult sea turtles after a community-based campaign. However, the increase in anti-poaching law enforcement may have impacted results.
Researchers study large-scale wind turbine design to overcome efficiency and cost challenges. Advanced computational methods reveal the physics of giant rotating machines, enabling better understanding of wind turbine wakes and interactions with the atmosphere.
The study found that molecular conformation affects charge carrier mobility and broadband emission in 2D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites. The researchers discovered a strong correlation between the gauche defect, local chain distortion of organic cations and in-plane mobility reduction.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a new method to produce short, intense infrared laser pulses using tailor-made quantum cascade lasers. The technology can be easily miniaturized, enabling compact measuring instruments for detecting specific molecules in gas samples.
Scientists warn that limited resources on the moon could lead to overcrowding and conflict as site selection and extraction become reality. A framework for managing these challenges already exists, drawing from analogs on Earth like common-pool resources.
A study by researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that global warming is likely to increase disease risk in animals, particularly those living in colder climates. The thermal mismatch hypothesis suggests that pathogens thrive in warmer temperatures, while cold-adapted animals struggle to cope with rising temperatures.
A study has found that middle-aged and older adults are at risk of contracting STIs due to negative attitudes and limited knowledge about their sexual health needs. The report's findings highlight four critical areas where interventions can address gaps in current healthcare provision: awareness, access, knowledge, and stigma.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a way to change baby brain activity through associative learning, which could lead to innovative rehabilitation methods for infants with brain injuries. The study involved 24 infants who learned an association between sound and movement, resulting in altered brain activity.
Researchers discovered that severe infections disrupt the processes that form blood cells in mice, causing long-term damage. However, a hormone treatment and antioxidant may reduce this damage. The study found that this treatment can increase HSC function by up to tenfold.
The study successfully demonstrated an optimal entanglement collective measurement that reduces quantum backaction to zero in a two-qubit system under strongly coherent evolution. The experiment achieved high fidelity of 98.5% and marks a significant advancement in the field of quantum thermodynamics.
A study by German Primate Center found that coppery titi monkeys in Peru exhibit genetic monogamy, with none of the 18 offspring examined not sired by their social father. This suggests that mate choice is successful enough to outweigh potential genetic costs of infidelity.
A team of oceanographers from the University of Hawaii and colleagues discovered a massive aggregation of fish in the abyssal deep sea, with over 115 cutthroat eels recorded at one time. The finding provides evidence for an abyssal seamount effect, where these mountains can support much higher numbers of animals than surrounding habitats.
Researchers have developed a predictive model to guide plant breeders in selecting suitable corn varieties based on genomic analysis. The study focused on predicting eight corn traits using shoot apical meristem (SAM) analysis, achieving accuracy ranging from 37% to 57% across the eight traits studied.
Researchers have successfully bioprinted miniature human kidneys in a lab using cutting-edge technology. The study validates the use of 3D bioprinted human mini-kidneys for screening drug toxicity, paving the way for new treatments and potentially lab-grown transplants.
A study led by The Jackson Laboratory and University of Maine found that the expression of Dlgap2 is associated with memory loss in mice and risk for Alzheimer's dementia in humans. Dlgap2 influences the formation of dendritic spines on neurons, which can affect cognitive function.
Researchers found subglacial waters in Antarctica and Greenland have higher concentrations of essential trace elements, challenging scientists' understanding of the Earth's geochemical processes. These discoveries may significantly impact the development of healthy ecosystems and the ocean waters receiving ice sheet meltwater.
An international study found a genetic variant reducing leptin production increases obesity risk in young children of African ancestry. In contrast, adults with the same variant are not at higher risk, suggesting leptin plays a critical role in early weight regulation.
Researchers at NSLS-II are building a quantum-enhanced x-ray microscope to image biomolecules like never before, enabling superior resolution without sacrificing dose. The facility's ultrabright light will be harnessed through ghost imaging techniques to preserve sensitive samples.
A new algorithm developed by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute uses chest CT images and non-imaging data to predict COVID-19 patient outcomes. The algorithm was tested on 295 patients from three hospitals and showed promising results in determining the need for ICU intervention.
A new study finds that atmospheric rivers in the Southern Hemisphere are shifting toward the South Pole, which could lead to increased rates of ice melt in Antarctica. The shift is driven by a combination of factors, including ozone depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and natural variations in sea surface temperature.
Researchers exploring the nature of AI failures reveal 'adversarial examples' may not be intentional mistakes. Instead, they might be 'artifacts' created by interactions between network and data patterns. This rethink suggests that misfires could offer useful information if interpreted correctly.
A large long-term study found that hormonal contraceptives may lower the risk of severe asthma bouts in women of reproductive age. However, the protective effect is relatively small and does not include progestogen-only Pill.
Researchers developed an AI-powered method to detect Parkinson's disease from retinal images, identifying smaller blood vessels as key features. The approach is less costly and more accessible than traditional brain imaging techniques.
The Rappbode Reservoir in Germany is facing new challenges due to climate change, with projected temperature increases that could lead to significant changes in the reservoir's physical structure. This could result in increased oxygen demand, intensified nutrient dissolution, and algae growth, posing a risk to the drinking water supply.
Direct visualization of quantum dots in bilayer graphene reveals a broken rotational symmetry with three peaks instead of concentric rings. This discovery provides crucial information for developing quantum devices based on this system.
A new study by Boston Medical Center reveals that opioid overdose deaths involving multiple substances are more prevalent among youth than opioid-only deaths. Cocaine and other stimulants were found to be the most common substances involved in these deaths, contributing to a significant increase in rates between 2010 and 2018.
A new study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that home health care significantly improved symptoms and functional outcomes for COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge. The study involved over 1,400 patients who received skilled nursing and physical therapy at home, resulting in a 94% improvement rate.
A new study published in Science reveals that more than 4,400 species are at risk due to excessive or insufficient fire activity. The research highlights the impact of climate change, land-use changes, and invasive species on fire regimes, threatening biodiversity hotspots worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas are working on a new brain implant that aims to restore vision to people with blindness. The device uses small electrodes to stimulate neurons, producing phosphenes that can help individuals recognize objects and navigate their surroundings.
The new ViruSurf system facilitates rapid exploration of genomic data, enabling better understanding of viral mutation patterns. Researchers can now query when mutations started and how they spread globally.
Researchers have created simple and inexpensive ventilators and respiratory apparatuses to treat patients more effectively and prevent disease transmission in hospitals. The devices can be built at home, reducing the risk of infection for medical staff.
Researchers have identified the BICRA gene as a new disease gene involved in neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found that mutations in the BICRA gene can cause disease in humans and flies, and may provide new insights into how to develop individualized medical plans for patients with similar conditions.
Researchers found that people who move their mouse towards a safe option may be more risk-averse than they appear, while those who veer towards a risky option may be more open to risk. The study used mouse tracking to analyze participants' decision-making and found accurate predictions of future behavior.
A study of over 135,000 pediatric patients found that 4% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with severe disease seen in 7%, mostly among those with underlying medical conditions. Children from ethnic minorities and adolescents were more likely to test positive.
Researchers integrate nanodiamonds into nanophotonic circuits, controlling individual photons and spin states, enabling high-sensitivity magnetic field sensors and new applications in quantum technologies.
A new study from MIT finds that long periods of social isolation activate the brain's substantia nigra region in a way similar to food cravings. The researchers used an innovative isolation method to induce strong feelings of loneliness, and found that the resulting craving signal was correlated with self-reported levels of loneliness.
Research on strain engineering of 2D materials, including graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, has shown promising results. The unique mechanical and optical properties of these materials make them suitable for optimizing device performance and enabling new photonic applications.
Scientists at ChristianaCare's Gene Editing Institute are developing a novel gene therapy for inherited blood disorders like sickle cell disease using CRISPR technology. The team aims to identify genetic variations that affect treatment efficacy and create a tailored approach for personalized medicine.
A new consortium, Accelerating Research and Innovation for Advanced Therapies (ARDAT), aims to develop standardized models for predicting ATMP immunogenicity in humans. The €25.5 million project will also build understanding of ATMP drug metabolism within a host.
A new imaging technology allows researchers to see multiple intracellular signals simultaneously, revealing their relationships and interactions. This breakthrough could illuminate complex processes like learning and memory, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer's and cancer.
A team of astrophysicists has created a complete family tree of the Milky Way, revealing a previously unknown galaxy collision that permanently altered its appearance. The researchers used advanced computer simulations and artificial intelligence to study the merger history of the galaxy.
Researchers found that Siberian primrose performed better in northern Norway than in southern Finland, indicating a lack of adaptation to global warming. Assisted migration and ex situ conservation are proposed solutions to help the species survive.
A mechanical engineer uses pancake batter to teach students about viscosity, while a group at ETH Zurich studies the stability of foam in beers and breads. The research reveals diverse mechanisms behind fluid dynamics, potentially leading to new materials and applications.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center discovered hydroxychloroquine inhibits a type of white blood cell important in the first line of defense. This suggests hydroxychloroquine may have no beneficial effect on clearing viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.
A study led by Washington State University found that nurse practitioners significantly increased access to buprenorphine prescriptions in rural Oregon after gaining prescribing authority. In frontier regions, they accounted for nearly a third of all buprenorphine prescriptions dispensed.
A team from Oklahoma State University developed techniques to model environmental hazards for autonomous aircraft, while another group at the University of Surrey investigated building wakes to enhance air quality. Researchers also found an unbalanced exchange flow in natural ventilation systems, which can slow down cooling.
A recent study of over 11,000 hospital patients in Spain found that high blood sugar levels were associated with a higher chance of death from COVID-19. Patients with abnormally high glucose levels were more than twice as likely to die from the virus compared to those with normal readings.