Articles tagged with Risk Factors
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A new meta-analysis of global evidence found that people with PTSD are up to twice as likely to develop dementia later in life. The study analyzed data from over 1.6 million people and found a significant association between PTSD and increased dementia risk, which may be related to hypervigilance and social withdrawal.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers connects specific hormones present before and after birth with immune response and lifelong immunological disease development. Females are at increased risk for common diseases like asthma, allergies, and irritable bowel syndrome due to their perinatal hormone levels.
Researchers found that the typically 'bad' APOE ε4 variant can also protect against obesity and type 2 diabetes, while the 'good' ε2 variant increases risk of certain conditions. The study's findings provide valuable insights into how the APOE gene impacts health and disease.
Researchers found genetic markers protecting against migraines' chronification, enabling personalized prevention therapies for at-risk individuals. The study identified polymorphisms in the pain receptor TRPV1, which may help detect those prone to chronic migraine.
Patients with severe COVID-19 infections who have high levels of the blood clotting protein factor V are at risk for serious injury from blood clots. Critically ill patients with low levels of factor V appear to be at increased risk for death due to a coagulopathy resembling disseminated intravascular coagulation.
A new study confirms insomnia as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with individuals experiencing a 17% higher likelihood of developing the condition. The research also identifies 15 protective factors, including increased total cholesterol and testosterone levels, which can help inform public health policies to prevent the disease.
A recent study suggests that free, circulating vitamin D levels in the blood may be a better predictor of future health risks in aging men than total vitamin D. The study found that higher levels of free 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with a lower risk of death, while free 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was not predictive of mortality.
Amy Murphy has received funding from the Bureau of Justice Assistance for a Risk-Need-Responsivity project in Maricopa County, Arizona. The RNR tool will help match individuals with services based on their risk and need factors.
Research shows handgrip strength can predict type 2 diabetes risk by 50% per unit increase, with implications for prevention strategies. The finding is marked in women and could be used to identify individuals at high risk.
Research at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) found that people's sense of danger lowers when exposed to smoke, leading to a false sense of security. The most critical factor for evacuation decisions is perceived risk, with increasing perceptions leading to increased likelihood of evacuation.
Researchers have identified 48 significant risk factors for mortality in diabetic patients discharged from hospital, grouped into nine categories. The most common risk factor is age, and co-morbidity burden and BMI are also significant, with heavier individuals at higher risk.
New research challenges assumption that asthma is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 hospitalization and intubation, finding lower prevalence rates among hospitalized patients compared to the general population.
A cardiac biomarker was found to have stronger associations with kidney disease progression than blood pressure in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Higher levels of NTproBNP, urine NGAL, and troponin T were linked to increased rates of CKD progression.
A study from the Danish psychiatry project iPSYCH identified genetic risk factors for developing bipolar disorder and psychoses among people with depression. The results may contribute to ensuring correct diagnosis is made earlier, leading to better treatment outcomes.
Researchers argue that rigid social distancing rules are based on outdated science and oversimplify transmission risks. Experts suggest a more nuanced approach considering activity type, indoor vs outdoor settings, ventilation levels, and face coverings.
A study of over 86,000 Japanese couples found that wives with similar cardiovascular disease risk factors as their husbands are more likely to suffer from the same disorders. The researchers emphasize the importance of considering spouses' health in medical treatment and recommending family-based interventions.
Researchers found that air pollution contributed to a pre-diabetic state similar to eating an unhealthy diet, with effects reversible upon cessation. Living in densely polluted environments may be added as a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases.
Researchers discovered that a person's genetic background can alter the risk of heart disease in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia gene variants. A low polygenic score was found to lower the risk of breast cancer and colorectal cancer in those with high-risk single-gene variants, bringing it closer to the population average.
Researchers found that women who deliver preterm or extremely preterm have a higher risk of dying from any cause, with 1.7-fold and 2.2-fold increased risks compared to full-term deliveries. The excess deaths associated with preterm delivery persist for up to 40 years after birth.
A large study found that antibiotic use, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, is associated with an increased risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its subtypes. The study suggests that perturbing the gut microbiome may impact the risk of gastrointestinal disease.
A recent study analyzed data from over 77,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients to understand the impact of pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors on clinical outcomes. The results show that these patients are more likely to develop cardiovascular complications and die from COVID-19 infection.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital identified social connection and reducing sedentary activities like TV watching as valuable targets for preventing depression. The study found that frequency of confiding in others, visits with family and friends, were strong protective factors against depression risk.
Obesity, as measured by body mass index and abdominal fat content, is associated with an increased risk of heart disease and progression of kidney disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Lower physical fitness levels are also linked to a higher cardiovascular risk.
Research published in BMJ Military Health finds a strong association between heavy class A drug use and sight loss among US military personnel. Those with military experience are more likely to use illicit drugs and report partial or total blindness than civilians.
A retrospective cohort study found obesity was a significant independent risk factor for death from COVID-19. Patients with high BMI were 4 times more likely to die within 21 days of diagnosis compared to those in the normal weight group.
Kurt Beschorner's $1.8M NIOSH grant focuses on measuring friction as a pathway for slip and fall risk in ladder accidents. The research will establish safety guidelines to reduce severe injuries and fatalities in the workplace and at home.
A new study by researchers at Stanford Medicine found that plant-based meat alternatives can improve some cardiovascular risk factors compared to red meat. The study, which used products from Beyond Meat, found lower levels of TMAO in participants who ate plant-based diets.
A new scientific statement from the American Heart Association recommends incorporating dietary screening into routine health care visits. The goal is to assess an individual's total dietary pattern and provide actionable next steps, helping patients set achievable dietary goals.
Researchers identified lung-related factors associated with increased hip fracture risk in smokers, including emphysema and COPD exacerbations. These findings suggest that osteoporosis screening and management decisions should consider lung health in at-risk patients.
The prevalence of gout increased worldwide between 1990 and 2017, reaching approximately 41.2 million cases in 2017. High body mass index and impaired kidney function were identified as key risk factors for the disease.
A large international study identified key genetic contributors to stroke risk in individuals of African ancestry, providing insight into ethnic-specific and global risk factors. The study found that a common variation near the HNF1A gene was strongly associated with increased stroke risk.
Experts identify 12 modifiable risk factors that can be targeted throughout life to delay or prevent dementia. The report highlights the potential for preventive measures to reduce dementia risk, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers have identified measurable Alzheimer's risk factors in adolescents and young adults, emphasizing the need for early interventions targeting heart health and education. Studies found that high blood pressure, diabetes, and poor educational quality are associated with worse late-life cognition, particularly in African Americans.
A new report from the Lancet Commission identifies 12 modifiable risk factors that can delay or prevent 40% of dementia cases. These include reducing excessive alcohol intake, limiting air pollution, and promoting physical activity throughout life.
A new study found that while overall US cardiac death rates declined between 1999 and 2017, the pace of decline slowed significantly since 2011. County-level disparities in premature cardiac deaths have grown, with out-of-hospital deaths increasing and socioeconomic factors playing a key role.
A new study analyzing 40 years of Framingham Heart Study data found an association between lowered rates of hip fractures and decreases in smoking and heavy drinking. The study suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors may be beneficial to bone health, along with treatments.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors who switched to high-deductible health plans did not experience an increased risk of heart attack or stroke. The researchers attributed this finding to the inclusion of low or no out-of-pocket costs for medications and p...
A new study reveals significant increases in premenopausal breast cancer rates globally, particularly in higher-income nations like Canada. The study also finds that postmenopausal breast cancer is increasing more rapidly in lower-income countries, often due to adopting Western lifestyles and lack of early screening.
A recent study found that crowded housing, dirty air, and occupational factors contribute to the high risk of COVID-19 infections and death among Latinos in the US. The study's findings suggest tailored interventions aimed at keeping Latino communities healthy and safe
A new University of Toronto study found that individuals with suboptimal mental health died on average 4.7 months earlier than those in excellent mental health. The study, which followed 12,424 adult Canadians from 1994 to 2011, also identified key factors associated with premature mortality.
Acute aortic syndrome is a life-threatening condition with a high risk of misdiagnosis. The new Canadian guideline provides recommendations for identifying patients at low, moderate, and high risk, as well as diagnostic strategies for each group.
Research identified 21 evidence-based suggestions for preventing Alzheimer's disease, with a focus on vascular risk factors and lifestyle modifications. Targeting factors such as cognitive activity, high blood pressure, depression, diabetes, and stress may help reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
A new study published in Stroke Journal found that having multiple social disadvantages can increase stroke risk by 50% or more. Researchers analyzed data from over 27,000 adults and found that those with three or more social determinants of health were nearly two and a half times more likely to experience an incident stroke.
A nationwide study of over 2,000 adults with COVID-19 found that 35% died within 28 days of ICU admission. Factors independently associated with death included older age, male sex, and hospital bed capacity.
A new study published in Neurology found that midlife thinking skills may suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking. Five percent of participants experienced accelerated cognitive decline over five years, while those with high blood pressure had a 7.5% faster decline rate compared to non-hypertensive individuals.
A combined analysis of 23 studies found that episodes of delirium are a risk factor for long-term cognitive decline. The research suggests that individuals who experience delirium may be more likely to develop dementia and other cognitive impairments over time.
A large-scale survey found that meditation was associated with reduced rates of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, and coronary artery disease. The study controlled for other factors connected to cardiovascular risk and still showed a significant effect of meditation on cardiovascular health.
A plant-based diet can help promote healthful aging and mitigate the global burden of disease. The diet has been shown to reduce the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and heart disease by almost 50%. Plant-based diets rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes have also been tied to increased life expectancy.
Research highlights the link between unhealthy lifestyle habits, emotional stressors, and increased risk of respiratory infections. Social isolation, loneliness, and interpersonal conflicts are also major contributors to the spread of COVID-19.
The STRIDE study found that a personalized approach to falls risk reduction resulted in an 8-10% reduction in serious fall injuries among older adults. However, potential barriers such as transportation availability and copayments may have contributed to the lesser effect size seen in the trial.
Two studies by European and US researchers found that higher consumption of these foods is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Increasing fruit and vegetable intake by 66 grams per day was linked to a 25% lower risk, while whole grain consumption was also significantly related to reduced disease risk.
A large, NIH-funded trial found that a nurse-managed, individually tailored falls prevention plan did not significantly reduce the risk of serious fall injuries in older adults. The study assessed the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention implemented by trained Falls Care Managers.
Researchers have successfully linked UK public health monitoring systems with the UK Biobank, enabling analysis of genetic and epidemiological factors associated with severe COVID-19. The resulting pooled data can provide near-to-real-time insights into SARS-CoV-2 spread, testing, and disease characteristics.
A new Canadian guideline found no benefit to routine screening for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor conditions in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The guideline recommends physicians continue current practice, not screening patients without alarm symptoms.
The level and activity of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in the blood may predict COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Research suggests that increased VWF levels are associated with severe COVID-19 complications, including thrombosis and respiratory distress.
A study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet found a significant association between income and survival after surgery for lung cancer. Patients with low household disposable income had significantly worse long-term survival compared to those with high income, even after adjusting for common comorbidities.
A pilot study found that providing cardiac patients with in-home portable air cleaners (PACs) significantly reduces their personal-level exposure to fine-particle pollutants, a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. The study showed a 40% reduction in PM2.5 air pollution exposure and potentially lower cardiovascular event rates.
A recent study published by the American College of Cardiology found that preterm delivery is a strong independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women throughout their lives. Women who gave birth before 37 weeks are at an increased risk of developing IHD, with risks remaining elevated even decades after delivery.
A new study found COVID-19 has a disproportionate impact on minority and non-English speaking communities, with increased risk of diagnosis and death in rural and urban counties. The study highlights the need for standardized collection of sociodemographic characteristics and targeted interventions to address these disparities.
A study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology found COVID-19 infection to be significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. After adjusting for age, gender, and risk factors, the researchers showed a 3.9-fold increased risk of stroke among patients with COVID-19 compared to control subjects.