Research on what raises a person's risk of disease and injury. Covers cardiovascular and aneurysm risk, medication in pregnancy, youth behavior, and suicide risk.
A new study found that less than 2% of people at risk for an opioid overdose received naloxone, a life-saving drug. The study suggests that there are significant gaps in naloxone prescribing, particularly among high-risk groups such as those who have survived previous overdoses or have a history of opioid use disorder.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reveals that young adults who use both e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes have a nearly three times higher risk of stroke compared to non-smokers. The study also found that switching from combustible to e-cigarettes does not reduce stroke risk, highlighting the need for fu...
A recent study found that obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, particularly those receiving anthracyclines and trastuzumab. The study suggests that overweight and obese individuals may benefit from careful cardiac screening and follow-up during treatment.
A genetic risk score can identify individuals at a 3-fold increased risk of developing ischaemic stroke, a devastating condition. This scoring system may require more intensive preventive measures than current guidelines recommend.
A recent study found that genetic data can accurately predict stroke risk, identifying individuals with a three-fold higher risk of ischemic stroke. This method is more precise than existing estimates based on clinical risk factors and can help pinpoint modifiable risk factors to mitigate the risk.
A new study has found that Canadian First Nations communities with higher socio-economic advantages, educational opportunities, and social support have lower cardiac risk factors. In contrast, communities with difficulty accessing healthcare or affordable prescription medicines have a greater burden of cardiac risk factors.
A recent study from the University of Alberta suggests that many cancers, diabetes, and Alzheimer's diseases have a genetic contribution of no more than 5-10%. The research highlights the importance of metabolites, chemicals, proteins, or the microbiome in determining disease risk rather than genes.
A new study found that unhealthy diets account for almost 20% of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes costs in the US. Suboptimal diets cost approximately $300 per person, or $50 billion nationally, accounting for 18 percent of all heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes costs.
Adolescents and young adults ages 12-21 are at similar risk for prescription opioid overdose as adults, with mental health or substance use disorders increasing overdose odds by three times. Safe prescribing practices include using short-acting opioids and avoiding concurrent prescriptions with benzodiazepines.
Breast cancer incidence rates are significantly higher in black men than white men, particularly for hormone receptor-positive subtypes. These racial differences have significant implications for patient outcomes and may be linked to genetic and non-genetic factors.
Researchers found that a lower body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced type II diabetes risk, including in individuals who are not overweight. A study of 287,394 British individuals found that a 1 kg/m2 BMI reduction lowered diabetes risk by 37% among non-overweight people without a family history of diabetes.
A new study from Boston University School of Public Health found that physical illness and injury increase the risk of suicide in men, but not women. The study used machine learning and health data from Denmark to identify complex factors that may predict suicide.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that extending the HPV vaccination age to include women and men up to 45 would produce small, but significant health benefits. The study used a health economic model to evaluate the added effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of such an extension.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found no evidence to support a link between C-section deliveries and offspring obesity. After accounting for maternal and prenatal factors, they concluded that the method of childbirth did not play a significant role in determining the risk of obesity.
New research reveals a significant association between preterm birth and an increased risk of developing type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and young adults. Women born preterm are particularly at higher risk, with a 30% increase in type 2 diabetes risk and a 60% increase in type 1 diabetes risk compared to their male counterparts.
Chronic inflammation is linked to 50% of all deaths worldwide, causing heart disease, cancer, diabetes and more. Identifying new biomarkers for early diagnosis and better treatment can help reduce chronic disease and improve health.
A study published in Nature Medicine reveals a potential 'liquid health check' that uses proteins in blood to predict disease risk and improve preventative medicine. The technique, involving large-scale measurement of proteins, has shown promise for identifying health states and conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal has identified a potential mechanism linking long-term exposure to environmental noise and cardiovascular disease. The research found that high noise levels lead to activation of the amygdala, a deep brain structure, triggering changes that increase the risk of heart attack, stroke...
A new study by the University of British Columbia found that even low levels of air pollution increase the risk of deaths in Canada. The research suggests that millions of Canadians live in high-pollution areas, leading to a significant health burden.
Research at University of Texas Health Science Center links concussions in high school students to depression and suicidal thoughts. The study reveals teenage males with concussion history are twice as likely to attempt suicide, while females have greater odds of reporting suicidal ideations.
Global COPD death rates declined between 1995 and 2017, but the total number of deaths increased as aging populations contributed to rising mortality. Measures to reduce exposure to risk factors, such as tobacco control policies, have had a positive effect on reducing overall COPD death rates.
Longer periods spent in less affluent neighborhoods increase women's risk of experiencing intimate partner violence between ages 18 and 21. Women living in more deprived areas are 36% more likely to experience this type of violence.
A study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that fentanyl-involved overdose deaths are concentrated in resource-deprived neighborhoods. The research used census block group-level data to examine the local geographic distribution of drug overdoses, revealing a unique perspective on overdose locations.
Researchers found that cardiac catheterization patients who practiced regular intermittent fasting lived longer than those who didn't. Long-term routine fasting remained a strong predictor of better survival and lower risk of heart failure, according to the study.
This study analyzes the performance of Russian and foreign- owned banks from 2004 to 2015, finding that state-owned banks excel during economic crises but lag behind in profit efficiency. In contrast, foreign-owned banks thrive in stable periods, thanks to better management practices.
Recent studies found that smokers and hypertensive individuals have better chances to survive subarachnoid hemorrhage than non-smokers and those with normal blood pressures. However, a new Finnish study included patients who died before reaching hospital wards and showed the opposite - that these groups are more likely to die from brai...
The Singapore Diabetes Study in Nephropathy and other Microvascular Complications (DYNAMO) aims to reduce DKD prevalence in Singapore by 30% over five years. The study, led by Professor Thomas Coffman, uses a multi-pronged approach to better understand the disease biology and risk factors behind DKD.
A Penn Medicine study reveals a strong link between genetic variants associated with height and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Taller individuals are at an increased risk, with every one-inch increase in height translating to a three percent increase in risk.
A recent study published in Neurology found that women are more likely to survive a stroke, but experience worse disability and reduced quality of life compared to men. The research suggests that variations in hospital treatment and risk factor management may contribute to these differences.
A study of 1,437 family physicians found a burnout rate of 43.7%, with hospital-owned practices and lack of ownership stake positively associated with burnout. Practice environment factors such as work-life balance and control over workload were key predictors of burnout.
A study of over 65,000 postmenopausal women found specific jobs, including healthcare providers, are associated with poorer cardiovascular health. Researchers suggest occupation is an important determinant of women's heart health, highlighting the need for workplace health programs to improve heart health.
Research suggests female veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have higher rates of diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, and obesity compared to those without PTSD. This increased risk may put female veterans with PTSD at a greater risk for developing heart disease.
Researchers identify potential environmental risk factors and new treatment strategies for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive form of breast cancer. The study suggests that exposure to common chemicals may increase the risk of developing TNBC, and highlights the potential for combination therapy as a treatment option.
Research suggests that heart health begins to deteriorate in adolescent girls, particularly black girls, with lower cardiovascular health scores. Factors such as obesity, lack of exercise, and depression contribute to the decline, emphasizing the need for early intervention and healthy lifestyle choices.
A NIH study found that only a third of prevention research projects measured leading risk factors for death, despite them being associated with half of US deaths. The study suggests an opportunity for the NIH to better align prevention research with leading causes and risk factors for death and disability.
Researchers found that a key Alzheimer's gene (APOE) behaves differently among Caribbean Hispanics depending on ancestral origin. Individuals with African-derived APOE had a 39% lower risk of Alzheimer's compared to those with European-derived APOE.
A new study suggests that adolescent e-cigarette users are more similar to conventional cigarette smokers than non-tobacco users. E-cigarette use is not associated with an increased risk of current smoking among teens, but its prevalence has risen significantly among youth in recent years.
Researchers found that lower environmental quality in rural counties was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes. In contrast, urban areas showed a stronger link between air and sociodemographic domains. The study's findings suggest a significant impact of cumulative environmental exposures on diabetes risk in rural populations.
Research from the Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute found that high levels of environmental noise increase ischaemic stroke severity, while exposure to green spaces reduces the risk. The study analyzed nearly 3,000 patients and showed a 30% higher risk for those living in noisier areas.
A study by Queen Mary University of London researchers found that excess psychosis diagnoses amongst Black and South Asian men in deprived urban areas may reflect a cluster of disadvantage rather than individual factors. The team identified four markers of vulnerability: drug and alcohol dependence, criminality and violence, risky or c...
A new study found that consumers are more likely to reject time-limited offers when faced with high pressure, indicating a strong risk aversion. The research suggests that firms can benefit from making such offers by limiting consumer comparison with market prices.
A recent study analyzing data from over 12,500 black adults in the US found that nearly 32.5% of cardiovascular disease cases are attributed to hypertension. Maintaining normal blood pressure may help reduce CVD among black adults, according to the research.
A new study found that people with dementia whose parents also had dementia develop symptoms an average of six years earlier. Factors such as education and genetic variants accounted for less than a third of the variation in age at onset, suggesting more to be discovered about the factors affecting when symptoms arise.
Pharmacy closures in the US are becoming increasingly common, with significant implications for patient access to essential medications and care. The research letter highlights several risk factors associated with closure, including demographic changes, consolidation of pharmacies, and regulatory issues.
A recent study found that frequent drinking is more dangerous for heart rhythm disorders, such as atrial fibrillation, than binge drinking. Drinking small amounts regularly increases the risk by 8% per week, while daily drinking poses the greatest danger.
Researchers found that young adults with PTSD were twice as likely to experience a TIA and 62% more likely to have a stroke compared to those without PTSD. The study highlights the importance of early recognition and treatment of mental health conditions like PTSD in reducing the risk of stroke.
A new study at Rush University Medical Center aims to determine whether a combination of lifestyle changes can protect memory and thinking skills in people at risk of developing dementia. The two-year U.S. POINTER clinical trial will enroll 2,000 adults between 60-79 years old with no current memory problems or exercise habits.
A study by the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies found that mosquitoes in lower-income neighborhoods have larger bodies, which can transmit diseases more efficiently. The researchers measured wing length and habitat features to understand how socioeconomic conditions influence mosquito-borne disease risk.
Direct-to-consumer genetic tests may report false positive and false negative results, and interpretation is complex and context-dependent. Experts advise doctors to put results in context for patients, discussing possible sources of error and lifestyle changes.
A recent study published in Personality and Individual Differences found that hostile and competitive personality traits are associated with an increased risk of drug consumption among young people. On the other hand, individuals with patient, less hostile, and non-competitive personalities have a lower likelihood of being drug users. ...
A three-year study examined the emergence and changes of cardiovascular risk factors among college football players. The researchers found significant increases in weight and blood pressure, as well as changes in heart structure and function over time.
A new study has revealed three simple factors that predict whether a healthy weight child will be overweight or obese by adolescence. The research found that a child's and mother's Body Mass Index (BMI) and the mother's education level are key predictors of weight problems by age 14-15 years.
A recent study using a large German dataset reveals that good education and high income can reduce mortality rates, while unemployment increases the risk. The study highlights the importance of addressing socioeconomic factors to improve public health outcomes.
Maintaining weight loss for three years is associated with more favorable heart disease, stroke, and diabetes risk factors compared to regaining weight. Weight regain was found to be detrimental to cardiometabolic health, reversing the benefits seen from initial weight loss.
Researchers found a significant correlation between low birth weight and cardiovascular risk factors in fifth-grade children, including high levels of 'bad' cholesterol and triglycerides. The study suggests that early intervention during pregnancy and childhood can help reduce the risk of chronic health conditions later in life.
A recent Finnish study found that more active and fit children have better cardiac regulation than less active peers. Higher sedentary time and lower levels of aerobic fitness were associated with poorer heart function in both boys and girls.
The new guideline offers evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating community-acquired pneumonia in adults, with a focus on outpatient settings. It suggests using amoxicillin as first-line empiric therapy, while also recommending more microscopic studies of respiratory tract samples to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use.
A simple cardiac risk score is associated with MRI-detected pre-clinical cerebrovascular disease, including carotid artery plaque and silent strokes. Early detection and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors can prevent cerebrovascular disease from developing.
A large registry-based study found that current scoring systems have moderate reliability in predicting severe liver disease risk. The study identified individuals with normal scores as being at a very low risk of developing severe liver disease, highlighting the need for new methods to detect those at higher risk.
A new online calculator helps middle-aged women predict their risk of conditions like heart disease, stroke, and cancer. The tool accounts for multiple health conditions at once and identifies changing probabilities over time.