Articles tagged with Risk Factors
The average lifespan of African Americans is significantly shorter than white Americans, largely attributable to a higher rate of heart attacks, sudden cardiac arrest, heart failure, and strokes. Socio-economic factors such as education, income, and access to healthcare contribute to these disparities.
Scientists from the University of Geneva explore links between diseases and gene activity to build a model identifying specific sequences in the non-coding genome. The study reveals surprising results, including brain tissues being key contributors to schizophrenia risk and the small intestine playing a role in disease development.
A study from the University of Illinois shows that a post-weaning low-fat diet can reverse epigenetic changes caused by a maternal high-fat diet, reducing the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes. This suggests that dietary changes later in life can affect gene expression and metabolic pathways.
Researchers found a significant association between elevated systolic blood pressure and the development of mitral regurgitation, a condition where the heart valve leaks. The study suggests that controlling blood pressure may be crucial in preventing this common heart valve disorder.
A study published in JAMA found a strong association between Zika virus infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome in Puerto Rico. The study identified acute Zika virus infection as a significant risk factor for GBS, highlighting the need for further investigation into the pathophysiology of Zika virus infection.
A new study found that men develop atrial fibrillation about a decade earlier than women and that being overweight is a significant risk factor. Researchers analyzed data from 79,793 people in Europe and found that men had higher diagnosis rates, especially after age 50, while women's rates increased after age 60.
A study of African-American and Latino adults in a high-risk urban community found that despite numerous risk factors, the rate of substance use problems is low for a substantial proportion of participants. Protective 'resilience' factors, such as support, education, and employment, also play a crucial role in preventing substance misuse.
A study published in Neurology found a significant increase over 10 years in the percentage of people with stroke who have high blood pressure, diabetes, and other risk factors. The prevalence of these risk factors increased from 88% to 93%, with high cholesterol and drug abuse rates doubling.
A study found that changes in marital relationship quality over time are associated with variations in cardiovascular risk factors for men. Improving relationships were linked to lower levels of 'bad' cholesterol and relatively lower weight, while deteriorating relationships were associated with worsening diastolic blood pressure.
A study by researchers at the University of Seville found that individuals with lower levels of education are 10.32 times more likely to commit violent crimes than those with high educational levels. Additionally, prisoners diagnosed with functional mental illness were 3.5 times more likely to commit or attempt murder.
Researchers aim to develop a new model incorporating environmental and neighborhood-level characteristics to better predict major cardiovascular disease. The project will include over 200,000 patients' electronic health records and neighborhood-level information.
Skipping breakfast increases the risk of atherosclerosis by up to 2.5 times, according to Spanish research. A high-energy breakfast reduces this risk, suggesting that eating habits play a crucial role in cardiovascular health.
Men who batted in saunas 4-7 times a week had lower blood pressure levels than those who only batted once a week. This was attributed to vasodilation, improved endothelial function, and relaxation of the body and mind. Regular sauna bathing also reduced the risk of pulmonary diseases.
A study tracking over 3600 participants found that maternal factors and depression/anxiety were significant predictors of adolescent sleep problems. Conversely, an active lifestyle was found to decrease future incidence of sleep problems.
A study found that Mexican-Americans living in the US have more risk factors for liver cancer, including obesity and diabetes, compared to those in Mexico. The study's lead author notes that having multiple risk factors increases the likelihood of developing liver cancer.
A 45-year-old woman developed a rare but life-threatening condition called fat embolism syndrome (FES) after undergoing liposuction. FES is notoriously difficult to diagnose due to a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria, emphasizing the need for clinicians to think outside the box and consider alternative diagnoses.
A recent analysis found that there are only six studies with empirical data on factors associated with terrorism, and most have variable quality. The lack of research in this area underscores the importance of addressing it to inform national security.
A leading neuroscientist has developed an innovative program to treat Alzheimer's disease with a novel N-of-1 design that individualizes medicine for each patient. The approach aims to identify person-specific risk factors and apply customized interventions to prevent dementia.
A recent study found that women with coronary heart disease are less likely to achieve treatment targets than men. Women were more likely to have better control of blood pressure and be non-smokers, but struggled with cholesterol levels, physical activity, and obesity.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center identified PKC-delta as a natural protective factor that works against chronic inflammation in diabetes, which can lead to cardiovascular disease. The study found that PKC-delta suppresses the population of macrophages and inhibits a biological pathway that protects cells from dying.
A recent study reveals that transgender patients with diabetes often experience increased modifiable risks, including high triglycerides and LDL cholesterol levels. The researchers emphasize the need for improved diabetes care and specialist support to prevent cardiovascular disease and other complications.
A study published in Diabetologia found approximately 1.8 million US adults aged 40+ with diabetes, CKD, and diabetic retinopathy, indicating a significant risk of CKD progression and death. The presence of DR is a reliable screening tool for identifying individuals at high risk.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that excessive sedentary time, regardless of exercise habits, significantly increases the risk of death. Taking regular movement breaks can help mitigate this effect.
A new paper defines 50 term pairs in psychology, including envy/jealousy and disease/illness, to improve psychological literacy. The list helps distinguish between related concepts, such as punishment vs. negative reinforcement, antisocial vs. asocial behavior.
A new study from Uppsala University finds that genetic effects on obesity are not fixed but interact with lifestyle factors. The study reveals that physical activity and socio-economic status can reduce the impact of genes on weight.
Chinese children who go to bed later and sleep less are more likely to be overweight, with each hour later bedtime increasing BMI scores. The study suggests cultural factors, such as emphasis on studying and academic achievement, contribute to shorter sleep durations.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends vision screening for children aged 3-5 to detect amblyopia. However, the evidence for this age group is considered moderate, while it is insufficient for children under 3 years old. Early detection of vision abnormalities can prevent permanent vision loss in affected eyes.
A Penn-led study identified 16 new genes associated with type-2 diabetes and one new genetic risk factor for coronary heart disease. The researchers found that most of the sites known to be associated with higher diabetes risk are also linked to higher CHD risk, highlighting potential targets for future therapies.
Researchers found a strong biological link between Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis (MS) across three racial groups. The study found that blacks, Hispanics, and whites who had mononucleosis were more than two to nearly four times more likely to develop MS than those who did not.
A new study published in JAMA Neurology analyzed 27 research studies and found that female carriers of the apolipoprotein E ?4 allele have a greater risk of developing Alzheimer disease, particularly between ages 65-75. The authors suggest physiologic changes associated with menopause and estrogen loss may underlie these sex differences.
Researchers found that married patients who have had a heart attack are 14% more likely to survive compared to single patients. Marriage also provides protection for patients with high cholesterol, diabetes, and high blood pressure, increasing their chances of survival by 16%, 14%, and 10%, respectively.
A 16-year study of over 280,000 patients found that colder air temperatures are associated with a higher risk of heart attacks. The study, led by Prof David Erlinge from Lund University, used meteorological data to analyze the relationship between weather conditions and heart attack incidence.
The RACE 3 trial found that risk factor-driven upstream rhythm control is effective in improving maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with early short-lasting AF and heart failure. Sinus rhythm was present in 75% of patients in the upstream therapy group compared to 63% in the control group.
Researchers review neuroinflammation as a key factor in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, highlighting four modifiable risk factors: physical inactivity, vascular disease-related conditions, obesity, and type two diabetes mellitus. Controlling these risk factors may help manage the increasing incidence of both diseases.
A recent study found that current smoking in older people increases the risk of developing frailty. Frailty is a condition associated with decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.
A national survey of pubic hair grooming habits found that 76.1% of participants reported a history of grooming, with 25.6% experiencing injuries such as cuts, burns, and rashes. The study's findings may contribute to the development of clinical guidelines for safe pubic hair removal.
New research finds that binge-viewing TV shows can negatively impact sleep quality in young adults, leading to increased fatigue and insomnia. The study suggests that the intense engagement with content before bedtime causes mental arousal, disrupting sleep patterns.
A recent Harvard University study reveals that knee osteoarthritis has dramatically increased in prevalence over the past 70 years, affecting an estimated one-third of Americans over 60. The research challenges the long-held assumption that osteoarthritis is simply a wear-and-tear disease related to aging and obesity.
Researchers found knee OA in 16% of postindustrial individuals 50+, but only 6% and 8% in early industrial and prehistoric samples. The findings suggest an approximate doubling of knee OA prevalence since the mid-20th century.
A new study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that male workers in the manufacturing sector have a higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis than those in other sectors. Women working in certain occupations, such as assistant nurses and attendants, also showed a slightly increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that women with a history of C-section delivery had a higher risk of reoperation and surgical complications after undergoing a hysterectomy. Women with two or more C-section deliveries were also more likely to receive blood transfusions.
Research found that socioeconomically disadvantaged children are more likely to have thicker carotid artery walls, indicating a higher risk for heart attack and stroke. The study suggests that infection and inflammation may be underlying factors driving this association.
A large NIH-funded study found that middle-aged Americans with vascular health risk factors such as diabetes and high blood pressure are more likely to develop dementia later in life. The study analyzed data from 15,744 participants over 25 years and found a strong link between midlife vascular health and the risk of developing dementia.
A new study finds that depression in heart patients significantly increases the risk of death, with depressed heart patients having twice the risk as non-depressed heart patients. The study emphasizes the importance of continued screening for depression in all heart disease patients.
Research suggests that individuals with a family history of bipolar disorder may experience faster biological aging. The study found that patients treated with lithium had longer telomeres, which could help reverse age-related changes. This association may explain the higher rates of aging-related diseases among bipolar disorder patients.
A study found that kidney transplant recipients have a higher incidence of melanoma compared to the general population, with risk factors including older age, male sex, and white ethnicity. Long-term immunosuppressive therapy contributes to this increased risk.
A recent study found that men with hepatitis B are more than twice as likely to develop severe liver disease as women, even when accounting for lifestyle and environmental factors. Drinking alcohol significantly increases liver disease risk in both men and women, but sex remains the strongest indicator of liver disease severity.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends focusing on clusters of cardiometabolic risk factors, such as high blood sugar, hypertension, and obesity, to identify overweight or obese children at highest risk for cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Pediatricians should target youth with multiple component risk factors for more...
New narrative review calls for additional research to better understand cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk factors in transgender individuals receiving long-term cross-sex hormone therapy. Studies suggest worsening cardiovascular risk factors in transgender men and increased thromboembolic risk in transgender women.
A new map of brain protein interactions could lead to more effective treatments for complex brain disorders like autism and schizophrenia. The map, created by USC researcher Marcelo P. Coba, highlights problematic pathways that current drugs are not targeting.
A recent survey of primary care physicians found that nearly two-thirds could not correctly identify all risk factors for prediabetes. The study highlights the need for increased provider knowledge and availability of resources to help patients reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A study examining MLB pitchers over six seasons found that decreased shoulder flexion and external rotation were key predictors of elbow injuries. The risk of injury increased with greater than five-degree flexion deficits and external rotation deficits.
A new report models the impact of nine risk factors on dementia, including education, hearing loss, and smoking, and estimates that removing these factors could prevent 35% of all dementia cases. Increasing education in early life, reducing hearing loss, and stopping smoking are identified as key interventions.
Women with early or normal onset menopause are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those with late onset menopause. The study found that women who experienced menopause before age 40 were almost 4 times more likely to develop T2D.
Cox was recognized for his 1972 paper on the proportional hazards model, widely used in survival data analysis. The model has been applied to various fields, leading to life-changing breakthroughs and societal impact.
A study of 930 older adults found that non-elective hospitalizations accelerated cognitive decline by 60%, while elective hospitalizations had no association. Researchers highlight the need for attention on hospitalization as a risk factor for dementia and cognitive decline in older adults.
Researchers will use PET scans and MRI to detect harmful chemical build-up and measure brain structure, with a focus on 40-65 year olds. The project hopes to develop ways to intervene before irreversible damage is done.
A study published in the European Heart Journal found that people who work long hours (55+ hours/week) are approximately 40% more likely to develop atrial fibrillation over a ten-year period. The risk is higher among those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and other risk factors.
Research reveals black adults are twice as likely to experience fatal first cardiac events compared to whites. The study suggests social determinants of health and cardiovascular risk factors contribute to this disparity.
A recent study found that psychosocial factors such as depression and anxiety disorders have a stronger negative impact on subjective well-being in older adults. The researchers analyzed data from over 3,600 participants aged 73 and found that women living alone were more likely to experience low well-being.