Articles tagged with Risk Factors
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A study of 28 healthy individuals found that just 14 days of reduced physical activity led to significant changes in body composition, including loss of skeletal muscle mass and increases in total body fat. The findings highlight the importance of remaining physically active and the dangers of continuous sedentary behavior.
Researchers have found a link between elevated beta-2 microglobulin levels and an increased risk of ischemic stroke in women. The study, conducted on over 900 participants, suggests that this protein may serve as a marker for inflammation and could potentially help identify people at higher risk of stroke.
Increased yogurt intake was associated with higher hip bone density and reduced osteoporosis risk in older women and men. Vitamin D supplements also showed a significant association with reduced risks in both sexes.
A new study found that the gap between the longest and shortest lifespans in the US has grown significantly since 1980, with some counties experiencing life expectancies as low as 66.8 years. Policies to reduce health inequalities are needed, including promoting healthy behaviors and addressing socioeconomic factors.
A study found large geographic disparities in life expectancy among US counties, with a 20.1 year gap between the lowest and highest life expectancies. Life expectancy increased overall, but masked massive variation at the county level, with some areas experiencing much larger increases than others.
A new study analyzed 21,380 nephrectomies and found the 30-day mortality rate to be only 0.5%. Established risk factors were confirmed, with old age, co-morbidities, significant blood loss, and advanced stage of disease identified as major contributors.
A Finnish study found that childhood exposure to high blood pressure, smoking, and elevated LDL-cholesterol is associated with poorer cognitive performance in middle age. The study suggests that regulating these risk factors through healthy lifestyle choices can promote brain health in adulthood.
A new study found that childhood and adolescent cardiovascular risk factors are associated with worse midlife cognition, regardless of adulthood exposure. High blood pressure and high cholesterol in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, as well as smoking in adolescence and young adulthood, were linked to impaired cognitive perf...
A 40-year study found that individuals with favorable cardiovascular risk factors in middle age lived 3.9 years longer, survived 4.5 years longer without chronic illness, and spent 22% fewer senior years with chronic disease. Maintaining good heart health earlier in life can have a significant impact on later health and longevity.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has released new position statement guidelines for managing aromatase-inhibitor related bone loss in breast cancer patients. The guidelines recommend regular assessment of fracture risk, calcium/vitamin D supplementation, and bone-directed therapy to prevent fractures and improve bone health.
A study by the University of Washington finds that military service is associated with improved mental health and quality of life among transgender older adults. This contradicts previous expectations, suggesting that military experience may be a protective factor for this population.
A new study suggests that financially strained pregnant women may be at a higher risk of having a low-birth-weight infant. Researchers found that pregnancy-specific distress was a key factor in this connection, and interventions such as meditation and breathing exercises could help mitigate the effects.
The American Academy of Neurology and the American Epilepsy Society have developed a new guideline to address Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP), which is rare but can occur in people with epilepsy. The guideline suggests that controlling seizures, especially tonic-clonic seizures, may reduce SUDEP risk.
Researchers found obesity resulted in 47% more life-years lost than tobacco, with diabetes causing similar loss. The study highlights the importance of treating modifiable behavioral risk factors to prevent premature death.
A new issue of Vascular Medicine dedicated to vascular disease in women highlights sex-related differences in risk factors, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic outcomes. The collection includes original research articles and reviews on topics such as peripheral artery disease, venous thromboembolism, and aortic disease.
The EXPERT tool generates personalized exercise programs for patients with different combinations of cardiovascular risk factors or diseases. The tool takes into account various goals, including reducing blood glucose, fat mass, and blood pressure in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
A large-scale analysis suggests that mothers' use of antidepressants during early pregnancy does not significantly increase the risk of autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in their children. However, a slightly higher risk for premature birth was found among exposed offspring.
Children are more severely injured from ATV-related accidents than adults, with data showing an estimated 99,600 injuries requiring emergency treatment in the US. The primary causes of these injuries include vehicle rollover, collision with stationary objects, and ejection from the vehicle.
A comprehensive analysis reveals individuals with depression or substance use disorder are at highest risk of serious opioid overdose. The study highlights the importance of a personalized approach to opioid prescribing, considering factors such as mental health disorders, medication interactions, and opioid-specific characteristics.
Women with certain risk factors like breech babies or previous cesarean sections may face increased risks in community births, while others with more common risk factors like age or weight tend to have good outcomes. The study aims to provide evidence for informed decision-making about birth locations.
A study of almost 3000 Finnish women found no association between religiosity and the development of anorexia nervosa. In fact, moderate religiosity may even have a small positive effect on body image.
Researchers discovered three novel genetic mutations associated with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, increasing the number of known risk factors fourfold. The study also revealed sex-specific differences in genetics and found that these genes can predict disease risk with approximately 78% accuracy.
A cross-cultural study confirms that media violence affects aggressive behavior globally, with violent media use positively related to aggression in all countries. The study also identifies exposure to media violence as a risk factor for heightened aggressive thinking and lowered empathy.
Midlife vascular risk factors, such as obesity and high blood pressure, are associated with increased levels of brain amyloid in later life, supporting a role for vascular disease in Alzheimer's development. The study used PET scans to examine the relationship between midlife vascular risk factors and brain amyloid deposition.
Acute ischemic stroke hospitalizations among those aged 18 to 64 years increased from an average of 141,474 per year in 2003-2004 to 171,386 per year in 2011-2012. The study confirms the importance of focusing on prevention in younger adults.
A prospective observational study found a high association between grey hair and coronary artery disease in adult men. Researchers discovered that as age increases, so does the incidence of both atherosclerosis and hair greying due to similar biological pathways.
Research highlights growing challenges faced by older adults in managing medications and finances over time. The study found that rates of needing help with these tasks increased with age, particularly among women and those with certain health conditions.
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and insulin resistance, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Overweight and obesity contribute to metabolic syndrome, affecting 1 in 3 adults and 40% of adults aged 40 and older
A new study finds that one-third of normal weight individuals have cardio-metabolic risk factors for heart disease. The research team recommends screening cardiometabolic risk factors in race/ethnic minority populations before the onset of overweight or obesity.
A study found that prolonged sleep disturbance can lead to reduced bone formation and increased osteoporosis risk. After three weeks of cumulative sleep restriction, healthy men had lower levels of a bone formation marker, indicating a potential bone loss window.
A new online metabolic calculator developed by a University of Virginia doctor predicts patients' risk of developing heart disease and diabetes with higher accuracy than traditional methods. The tool takes into account multiple factors, including obesity, high blood pressure, and ethnicity, to provide a more comprehensive risk assessment.
A recent study by IUPUI researcher Carolyn Gentle-Genitty has laid the groundwork for new approaches to preventing youth violence in five Caribbean countries. The research highlights key differences in gender and age-related behaviors, suggesting that a comprehensive approach targeting risk and protective factors is needed.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that women with insurance coverage for IVF were more likely to attempt the procedure again and had a higher probability of live birth compared to those who self-paid. The research, conducted at Washington University in St. Louis, included 1,572 women and observed them through four cycles.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that survivors of childhood brain tumors have more fat tissue overall, especially around the abdomen, compared to healthy children. This increased body fat may program their future risk of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes, impacting their outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that poor oral health and food scarcity are major contributors to malnutrition in older adults. The research suggests that linking patients in need to existing food assistance programs, such as Meals on Wheels, can help address this issue.
Researchers Claudia Kawas and Kristine Yaffe received the 2017 Potamkin Prize for their work on Alzheimer's disease epidemiology in the oldest-old population. Their studies highlight the critical role of modifiable risk factors in dementia prevention.
A recent study by Asheesh Bedi at the AAOS Annual Meeting highlights that ACL reconstruction surgery can fail in up to 20% of cases, requiring repeat surgery. The surgeon is working on identifying correctable factors to reduce failure rates and improve outcomes for young active athletes.
A new study published in the British Journal of Surgery found that day of the week did not affect survival chances of people undergoing emergency surgery. Researchers analyzed over 50,000 emergency surgery cases in Scotland and found no evidence to link day of the week to an increased risk of death.
Researchers tested over 10,000 women and found that transvaginal cervical measurement and fetal fibronectin tests do not accurately predict preterm birth. The studies findings challenge the use of these tests in routine screening for low-risk pregnancies.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that nearly 84% of patients with atrial fibrillation who experienced a stroke were not receiving therapeutic anticoagulation prior to their stroke. Therapeutic anticoagulation was associated with lower odds of moderate or severe stroke and lower odds of in-hospital mortality.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found a strong association between daily screen time of 3+ hours and increased risk factors for type 2 diabetes in children, including adiposity and insulin resistance. The study suggests that reducing screen time may be beneficial in reducing these risk factors.
A study published by the American College of Cardiology found that marijuana use is associated with a higher risk of stroke and heart failure. Even after accounting for other health conditions and lifestyle risk factors, marijuana use was independently linked to a 26% increase in stroke risk and a 10% increase in heart failure risk.
Adults over 60 years old face a significantly increased risk of death following a pelvic fracture, particularly within the first four weeks. The study emphasizes the severity of these fractures and highlights the need for improved preventive strategies to reduce mortality rates.
An analysis presented at the American Heart Association's 2017 Scientific Sessions found that nearly half of US cardiovascular disease deaths can be prevented by improving diet. The study, which used data from 1990-2012, linked low intake of healthy foods like nuts and vegetables to an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease.
A new study finds that babies born to mothers with cardiometabolic risk factors had lower systolic blood pressure if their mothers had higher folate levels during pregnancy. Children with elevated systolic blood pressure were more likely to have mothers with pre-pregnancy obesity, hypertensive disorders, and diabetes.
The study found that increasing physical activity time by one hour a day reduces the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity and diabetes. Conversely, watching TV increases these risks. Replacing sedentary activities with moderate-intensity exercise provides greater protection against cardiometabolic disease.
Patients with carotid artery stenosis are more likely to undergo surgery when treated by fee-for-service physicians, compared to those treated by salary-based military physicians. This suggests that provider-induced demand may be at play, and policymakers should focus on aligning incentives to improve healthcare outcomes.
A University of Oklahoma study clarifies the risk factor for delayed medical attention during a heart attack. Low patient numeracy is associated with longer decision delay, increasing the risk of complications and mortality.
Researchers found that patients who experienced food insecurity had a higher incidence of stroke risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes. In contrast, patients not labeled food insecure had lower rates of these conditions.
Researchers demonstrate resveratrol treatments can slow lung function decline and alveolar damage in mouse lungs. The study suggests direct lung administration of resveratrol may be an effective way to prevent chronic lung disease.
Research presented at American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2017 found that people with middle age heart disease risks, such as diabetes, high blood pressure or smoking, are at higher risk for dementia later in life. The study, which enrolled 15,744 participants, revealed that the risk of dementia was significan...
A large-scale epidemiological study has uncovered common and unique risk factors for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in Israeli and Palestinian populations. The study found that recreational sun exposure, black hair-dye use, and a history of hospitalization for infection were associated with an increased risk of B-NHL in both groups.
A new model developed by Georgia Tech professor Eva Lee recommends response strategies for infectious diseases like Zika, with a focus on early intervention and containment methods. The model suggests that 20% compliance rate can reduce total infections by half in Brazil during the Zika outbreak.
A phase III trial of a fasting-like diet shows significant benefits for 'at-risk' patients, reducing cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, and fasting glucose levels. The regimen also shrunk waistlines and resulted in weight loss, with sustained effects even after returning to normal daily eating habits.
A randomized Phase II clinical trial demonstrated that ProLon targets the aging process, reducing risk factors for age-related diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease in humans. The study found significant reductions in body weight, BMI, total body fat, and inflammation, while increasing relative lean body mass.
Researchers found that genetic predisposition to abdominal adiposity significantly increases the incidence of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, as well as cardiovascular risk factors. The study suggests that using genetics to determine the effects of body shape on cardiometabolic outcomes could lead to new prevention strategies.
Experts suggest taking social risk factors into account to deliver high-quality care to vulnerable populations. The Medicare system can start using existing data on factors like dual eligibility, rural/urban residence, and birthplace to adjust payments and quality measurements.
Researchers identified a genetic variant in neutrophil cystolic factor 1 (NCF1) associated with increased risk for autoimmune diseases. The study found that increased NCF1 protects against systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), while decreased NCF1 raises SLE risk.
The presence of coronary artery calcium in adults aged 32-46 years is associated with a significant increase in fatal and nonfatal heart disease events. A 5-fold higher risk of CHD events and 3-fold higher CVD event risk were observed among those with any CAC
Women who started menstruating early may face a higher risk of stroke, according to research published in Neuroepidemiology. Starting periods at age 13 or younger increases the risk by 1.8 times compared to those who started at age 15. Further research is needed to confirm this association.