Research on what raises a person's risk of disease and injury. Covers cardiovascular and aneurysm risk, medication in pregnancy, youth behavior, and suicide risk.
Researchers found nine risk factors, most associated with adolescence, account for most cases of young-onset dementia. These include alcohol intoxication, stroke, depression, and low cognitive function at conscription.
A large retrospective analysis found that induced and augmented labor may be associated with increased risk of autism, especially among male children. The study suggests a 35% higher risk for male children undergoing both induction and augmentation compared to those who received neither treatment.
A new University of Michigan-led study reveals that irrigation systems in arid regions can increase malaria risk for over a decade, even with intensive mosquito control efforts. The research highlights the need for long-term public health and safety programs to mitigate this impact.
Researchers created a stratified risk score to predict patient prognosis, finding that age, race, and stage of cancer significantly impact survival rates. The score separates patients into groups with varying 5-year relative survival rates, aiding doctors and researchers in designing treatment strategies.
A study of current and former military personnel found that mental disorders and male sex are independently associated with increased suicide risk, but deployment or combat experiences were not linked to an increased risk. The findings suggest that early recognition and treatment of mental health concerns can help mitigate suicide risk.
A QUT study found that extensive breast cancer surgery is linked to an increased risk of developing arm lymphoedema. The study revealed one in five women may be diagnosed with the condition, which can cause anxiety, depression, and emotional distress.
The study found that the number of individuals with PAD has increased by over 28% globally since 2000, driven by longer life expectancy and changing lifestyles. The researchers identified key risk factors for PAD, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol.
Increased visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is associated with worse performance on cognitive tests, including selective attention and reaction time, general cognitive speed, immediate and delayed memory. Higher variability also links to higher stroke risk, independent of average blood pressure.
A large study from Boston Children's Hospital found that 61% of teenagers had been exposed to at least one potentially traumatic event, with girls more likely to develop PTSD than boys. Risk factors for developing PTSD include lack of both biological parents in the home and pre-existing mental disorders like ADHD.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) disproportionately affects women, with unique risk factors including pregnancy and autoimmune diseases. Women are more likely to die from CAD than men in similar circumstances, especially at younger ages.
A new study published in the journal Stroke found that regularly exercising to break a sweat lowers stroke risk. The study of over 27,000 participants showed that those who exercised four or more times a week had a 20% lower risk of stroke compared to those who were inactive.
A study published in Spine highlights the increased risk of complications among Medicaid beneficiaries after spinal surgery, even after adjusting for other factors. The researchers found that Medicaid recipients were 68% more likely to experience adverse outcomes than patients with private insurance.
A new study found a positive link between diet high in sugar and fat and an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Researchers identified new dietary risk factors, including fizzy drinks, cakes, and high-energy snack foods, that were associated with an increased risk of bowel cancer.
A study by UC Riverside sociologist Augustine Kposowa found that married men are significantly less likely to die of HIV/AIDS than divorced or single counterparts. In contrast, racial disparities persist, with African-American and Latina women facing higher mortality rates than white women.
A new study published in Hepatology reveals that higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of gallstone disease, especially in women. The research found a significant correlation between BMI and gallstone risk, with women facing a higher risk than men.
A new review published in The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist recommends that all women be asked about postpartum psychosis risk factors before conception to ensure early recognition and prompt treatment. Women with bipolar disorder are at high risk of developing postpartum psychosis, with a 1 in 4 chance.
The US is losing ground in health outcomes to other countries, with mental and behavioral disorders, musculoskeletal problems, and neurological conditions causing significant disability. Chronic disability now accounts for nearly half of all health loss in the US.
Despite increased physical activity, obesity rates remain high in nearly all US counties, with some areas experiencing significant declines while others struggle to make progress. The trend has little impact on life expectancy, which remains slow compared to global peers.
Individuals with abdominal fat are at greater risk of heart disease and cancer compared to those with a similar BMI who carry their fat in other areas. The study used CT scans to assess ectopic fat locations around the heart tissue and aortic artery.
The University of Illinois Chicago will lead a $15.3 million NIH project to follow up with all Chicago participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a large-scale study of Hispanic/Latino health. The study aims to investigate chronic diseases and risk factors in this population.
A recent study found that both cousin marriage and older mothers have a significantly increased risk of birth defects, with nearly 31% of birth defects in babies of Pakistani origin attributed to consanguineous marriages. The study also showed that maternal education can be protective against congenital anomalies.
A large population study found that sufficient sleep increases the protective benefits of exercise, healthy diet, and non-smoking on cardiovascular disease. Adding sufficient sleep to these factors resulted in a 65% lower risk of composite CVD and an 83% lower risk of fatal events.
A study found that cerebral aneurysms of all sizes are 12 times more likely to rupture if they grow in size. The researchers observed growth in nearly 18% of asymptomatic cerebral aneurysms and found a strong association between aneurysm growth, initial size, and tobacco smoking.
A study found that collaborative care with brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) screening reduced the combined rates of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure. BNP levels above 50 pg/mL identified patients at higher risk for cardiovascular events.
A new UCLA study finds that brain aneurysms of any size can grow and increase the risk of rupture. Tobacco smoking and larger initial aneurysm size are also linked to growth and higher rupture risks.
Salsalate shows promise as a type 2 diabetes treatment, reducing A1C and fasting blood glucose levels, but increases risk of hypoglycemia. Black men are less likely to have advanced colorectal neoplasia found at screening than white men, with disparities attributed to access and modifiable risk factors.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics suggests that early childhood respiratory infections may be a potential risk factor for developing type 1 diabetes mellitus. The research found associations between respiratory infections during the first six months of life and later development of persistent islet autoimmunity.
A recent study has found a significant link between long-term night shifts and an increased risk of breast cancer. Women who worked night shifts for 30 or more years were twice as likely to develop the disease, highlighting the importance of workplace policy.
A recent study found that lack of ventilation, gas cooking fuel, dampness, new furniture, and certain flooring materials are associated with an increased risk of pneumonia among children in modern apartments. The research also suggests that family allergies and non-parental childcare can contribute to the development of pneumonia.
Researchers found that people with traumatic brain injury were 30% more likely to develop a stroke than those with trauma with no brain injury. The study looked at records of adults in California who suffered a traumatic brain injury or other trauma without brain injury over five years.
Researchers found that people who believe stress affects their health have double the risk of a heart attack. After adjusting for factors, they still had a 50% greater risk compared to those who didn't perceive stress as affecting their health.
The USPSTF recommends screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in persons at high risk for infection. One-time screening for all adults born between 1945 and 1965 may identify infected patients at an earlier, more treatable stage of disease.
A recent study found that indoor environment factors, such as lack of ventilation and gas cooking fuel, significantly increase the risk of childhood pneumonia. The study, conducted in Nanjing, China, suggests that modern life style and home environment play a crucial role in developing pneumonia infections among children.
A new study found that patients with early arthritis consume significantly less alcohol than healthy controls, with an inverse association between drinking and the presence of all forms of arthritis. The study also suggests that men may be more susceptible to the influence of alcohol on RA pathophysiology.
Researchers identified clear risk factors for suicidal behavior among youth being bullied, including self-injury, emotional distress, and previous trauma. However, strong parental connections, positive school experiences, and perceived caring from adults were found to be significant protective factors.
Research reveals a gene called CPT1A, which regulates fat breakdown in the liver, may increase risk of heart disease when methylated. The study found elevated levels of bad cholesterol and triglycerides, and lower adiponectin levels in patients with this genetic switch turned off.
A new study presented at The Endocrine Society's Annual Meeting found that excessive salt consumption is associated with a higher risk of nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Women who consumed the highest amount of sodium had more than four times the risk of fracture, even after adjusting for other factors.
The 2013 guidelines recommend a single systolic blood pressure target of 140 mmHg, with an increased role for home blood pressure monitoring. They also stress the importance of assessing totality of risk factors and consider individualized treatment approaches. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing salt and alcohol intake, are crucial fo...
Research from Carnegie Mellon University finds that volunteering decreases the risk of hypertension by 40% in older adults, suggesting a positive lifestyle factor. The study suggests that social connections and interactions through volunteer work can promote healthy aging and reduce disease risk.
Research at the University of Alberta found that rats with low birth weights are more susceptible to age-related vision loss. The team's findings suggest a potential link between low birth weights and complex diseases like age-related eye disorders.
Adults with hearing loss are more likely to experience cardiovascular risk factors, have a history of hospitalization, and report poorer physical and mental health. The study found significant associations between hearing loss and various health outcomes, highlighting the need for further research into the basis of these observed assoc...
A study found that only a few low-and middle-income countries have implemented robust national policies to prevent noncommunicable diseases, such as reducing fat and salt intake. The majority of these countries lack adequate strategies to promote healthier diets and physical activity.
A landmark study of the Swedish population found depression (32-fold risk for suicide), anxiety (15-fold risk), COPD (3.05-fold risk) and poor social networks to be significant risk factors. The study also showed that unemployment was a stronger social risk factor among women, while being single was a stronger risk factor among men.
A new study published in The Lancet reveals that Chinese people spend a greater proportion of their lives in good health compared to other G20 countries. However, the country faces significant health challenges, including rising rates of stroke, ischaemic heart disease, road injuries, diabetes, and some cancers.
China has made substantial gains in health over the past two decades, including increases in life expectancy and declines in infectious diseases. However, the growth of non-communicable diseases and risk factors such as tobacco use and high blood pressure are becoming major public health concerns.
Researchers found that small differences in health status are associated with large reductions in stroke risk. A better score on the Life's Simple 7 health factors is linked to a lower stroke risk, with ideal blood pressure being the most important indicator.
Researchers found that small increases in cardiovascular health scores, even by just one point, significantly reduced the risk of stroke over a five-year period. This study highlights the importance of maintaining good cardiovascular health in preventing strokes.
A new study from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center suggests that cardiovascular disease (CVD) plays a role in cognitive decline before it is clinically apparent in patients with type 2 diabetes. The research found that CVD risk factors, such as calcified plaque and vascular status, contribute to type 2 diabetes-related cognitive decline.
A study found that early-life risk factors, such as rapid infant weight gain and non-exclusive breastfeeding, account for the disparity in childhood obesity rates among black and Hispanic children compared to white children. The researchers suggest designing interventions during pregnancy, infancy, and early childhood could help elimin...
A large study found that adopting four lifestyle behaviors - a Mediterranean-style diet, regular exercise, maintaining a normal weight, and not smoking - can significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. The researchers found an 80% lower death rate over an eight-year period among participants who adopted all f...
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that early life risk factors, such as rapid infant weight gain and early introduction of solid foods, contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among black and Hispanic children is significantly higher than among white children.
The report shows that over half the global population suffers from untreated tooth decay or cavities, with severe periodontitis and caries on the rise. The study reveals a significant increase in oral conditions globally between 1990 and 2010, primarily due to population growth and ageing.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now a global epidemic with prevalence exceeding 10% in most countries and as high as 50% in certain populations. CKD increases with age and is more common among black people, those with diabetes or cardiovascular disease.
A study published in PRS Global Open found that the weight of tissue flaps used in breast reconstruction significantly increases the risk of fat necrosis. Flaps weighing over 650 grams had a higher risk of fat necrosis, with African American women being at nearly 12 times higher risk than Caucasian women.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have identified a genetic marker on chromosome 4 associated with sporadic breast cancer in Alberta women. The study, published in PLoS One, used DNA scans from over 7,200 women and found that those with sporadic breast cancer frequently carried this marker.
A recent study by University of Cincinnati researchers highlights the increasing problem of prescription drug abuse among youth, with males and high school students at a higher risk. The study found that pro-social behaviors, such as strong connections with parents and teachers, can reduce the odds of abusing prescription drugs.
A study found that individuals with chronic kidney disease who have a heart-healthy lifestyle are less likely to develop kidney failure. Those with four ideal factors for life's simple 7 tool had nearly half their risk cut, while those with five ideal factors didn't develop kidney failure.
Researchers found that aortic arch pulse wave velocity is a strong predictor of white matter hyperintensities, which are associated with accelerated cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. The study used MRI to measure aortic arch pulse wave velocity in 1,270 participants and found a significant association between the two variables.
A study by Jennifer M. Yeh and colleagues found that H. pylori and smoking trends accounted for almost half of the observed decline in intestinal-type noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma incidence in US men between 1978 and 2008, with projections suggesting further declines until 2040.
A recent study analyzed data from over 5,000 US adults and found no association between candy consumption frequency and obesity or cardiovascular risk factors. The researchers suggest that most people can enjoy candy without increasing their health risks when consumed in moderation.