Articles tagged with Risk Factors
A new study published in The Lancet found that apixaban is more effective and safer than warfarin for patients with atrial fibrillation and at least one additional risk factor for stroke. This suggests that current risk scoring systems may be less relevant when using apixaban, potentially simplifying treatment decisions.
The burden of epilepsy in low- and lower-middle-income countries is substantial, with twice as many people affected than in higher income nations. Despite being a cost-effective disorder to treat, only 40% of those affected receive appropriate care due to factors such as stigma, cultural beliefs, and lack of skilled manpower.
Same-sex contact and inconsistent condom use were major risk factors for HIV infection among US Navy and Marines personnel. The study highlights opportunities for targeted prevention efforts, particularly promoting condom use after the 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' repeal.
A new study explores the ties between childhood weight problems, socioeconomic status, and nationality in the US and England. The research finds that race, ethnicity, and immigrant status are significant risk factors for weight problems among children.
A Canadian study found that vigorous physical activity is associated with reduced body mass index z score, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and increased cardiorespiratory fitness in youth. The study included 605 youth aged 12.1 years and found that performing more than seven minutes of vigorous PA daily was linked to lowe...
The Endocrine Society recommends screening adults for hypertriglyceridemia every five years to identify individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes and addressing secondary causes, such as obesity and endocrine conditions.
A study of 14,829 Hispanic lung cancer patients from the California Cancer Registry found that foreign-born Hispanics have an even lower risk of death due to improved socio-economic factors and neighborhood conditions. This contradicts the traditional 'Hispanic paradox' by highlighting the positive impact of social factors on survival.
A new study has identified several factors associated with an increased risk of bullying in children with asthma, including reduced participation in sports and feelings of sadness. Doctors must now discuss the impact of asthma on a child's life, including working with families and schools to remove risk factors.
A new study reveals alarmingly high levels of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis worldwide, with nearly 44% of patients showing resistance to at least one second-line drug. The highest prevalence was seen in South Korea and Russia, with the risk of XDR disease quadrupled in previously treated patients.
Researchers found that postoperative gastrointestinal complications, infections, and sepsis carry the highest risk of hospital readmission. Patients with multiple complications are four times more likely to be readmitted than those with none. A reduction in these complications can significantly decrease readmission rates and financial ...
Researchers analyzed data from US Army vehicle crashes to identify risk factors for injuries involving Humvees. Combat involvement and operating as a gunner posed the greatest risk for injury.
The ASTRID study found that patients with high and very high risk benefited from transfemoral TAVI, with mortality rates of 4.7% and 7.7%, respectively. The registry also showed differences in vascular complications and residual aortic regurgitation between valve types.
A large prospective study found that healthy lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption, physical activity, and vegetable intake significantly reduced the risk of hypertension. The study showed that even one or two healthy lifestyle factors could reduce the risk of hypertension by nearly 50% in men and more than 30% in women.
A large meta-analysis found that electrical storms are a strong risk factor for death, with nearly 4 times higher mortality rates compared to those without. Effective treatment involves catheter ablation, which can terminate ES in nearly 83% of cases, preventing relapses.
A recent study found that Mexican-Americans with an ancestral link to Amerindian tribes have higher insulin resistance levels, a key indicator of several chronic conditions. The research suggests that ethnicity information is crucial in identifying individuals at high risk of disease, and that genetic markers can be used for personaliz...
A study published in Neurology found that obesity and metabolic abnormalities are associated with a faster decline in cognitive skills. People who were obese and had high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, or other risk factors experienced a significant decline in their cognitive test scores over a 10-year period.
A new report reveals that Ohio residents prioritize the preservation of Lake Erie as a natural resource, with nearly half willing to pay higher taxes to protect it. However, concerns over contaminants such as blue-green algal blooms and mercury contamination pose a risk to public health.
An international research team used supercomputers to analyze millions of data points and identified a complex pattern of genetic and environmental risk factors influencing congenital heart development. The findings could lead to more efficient diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
New-onset diabetes in normal-weight adults is associated with significantly higher mortality rates compared to overweight/obese individuals. The study found that older adults and non-white participants are more likely to experience normal-weight diabetes, highlighting the need for targeted health screenings.
US-born Latina women are at higher risk of having children with retinoblastoma due to factors like poorer diets and smoking during pregnancy. In contrast, Mexican-born Latinas are at lesser risk, possibly due to healthier behaviors after immigration.
Researchers found anxiety is a stronger risk factor for prolonged and frequent sick leave than depression alone. The study, which followed 13,436 participants over six years, also showed that pain can impact the association between common mental disorders and sick leave.
A new study found that 14% of trauma victims developed hypothermia upon arrival, with head injuries and intubation being independent risk factors. The study recommends controlling infusion fluid temperature and using heated ambulances to reduce the incidence of hypothermia.
Researchers urge physicians to ask about ED symptoms in men over 30 with cardiovascular risk factors and all diabetic men. Early detection can lower healthcare costs and improve outcomes, as ED shares similar risk factors with cardiovascular disease.
A new study found South Asians have higher levels of blood sugar than white Europeans, independent of risk factors. This suggests that South Asians should be monitored more closely for type 2 diabetes, as the diagnosis is already higher in this ethnic group.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that two out of three severely obese children under the age of 12 have at least one cardiovascular risk factor. High blood pressure, high levels of low-density 'bad' cholesterol, and impaired fasting glucose were prevalent among this group.
The CDC's Expert Panel on Protective Factors for Youth Violence recommends a new research approach to identify protective factors that can reduce the likelihood of violence. The findings highlight the importance of understanding factors that protect youth from engaging in violent behavior.
A large international study found that marijuana use during pregnancy more than doubles the risk of premature birth. The study identified strong family history, pre-eclampsia, vaginal bleeds, and diabetes as major risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth.
A German study found that focusing on high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, diabetes, irregular heartbeat, and depression reduced the need for long-term care by 10% in women and 9.6% in men. The study also showed a decrease in death rates, with 2,112 expected deaths vs. 1,939 actual deaths.
Research finds that newborn twins' epigenetic profiles differ despite sharing a womb, influenced by unique environmental experiences and genetic factors. This study may lead to early identification of disease risk and personalized health interventions.
A new study by Iowa State University researchers suggests a link between media violence exposure and increased aggression in children, which could help identify students at higher risk of bullying behavior. The study found that media violence exposure was one of six risk factors for predicting later aggression in 430 children.
A hospital-based surveillance study found that infections with nontyphoidal Salmonella and Shigella increased the risk of death in children hospitalized with diarrhea in rural Kenya. The study highlights the importance of using zinc for diarrhea management, promoting oral rehydration solutions, water sanitation, and hygiene interventions.
A Swedish study suggests that antipsychotic drugs during pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes. Women treated with these medications had a fourfold higher risk of gestational diabetes compared to those not taking any medication, according to the study published in Archives of General Psychiatry.
A new research project investigates the link between chronic stress and Alzheimer's disease development. The study aims to understand how stress may become a risk factor for developing dementia, with the goal of finding ways to intervene with psychological or drug-based treatments.
Researchers found that adding certain apolipoproteins and lipoproteins to risk scores improved cardiovascular disease prediction in individuals without known CVD. However, the addition of these markers did not improve discrimination beyond conventional risk factors, and the clinical benefits remain uncertain.
A new study at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that living alone may be a risk factor for death, especially due to cardiovascular problems like heart attack and stroke. Participants with atherosclerosis who lived alone had a higher rate of death over four years compared to those who did not live alone.
A study published by JAMA Network found that loneliness in older adults is associated with increased risk of functional decline and death. The research, which examined 1,604 participants, revealed that feeling lonely was linked to higher mortality rates and difficulties with daily activities.
A recent study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that loneliness is independently associated with an increased rate of death and functional decline. Older adults who identified themselves as lonely had a 59% greater risk of decline, and a 45% greater risk of death compared to those who did not experience loneliness.
The Endocrine Society has released new clinical practice guidelines for managing osteoporosis in men, highlighting the importance of bone density testing for those at risk. The guidelines estimate that one in five men aged 50 will experience an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime, with mortality rates higher in men than women.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found a strong association between psychological distress and an increased risk of death from stroke. The research, which analyzed data from over 68,000 participants, suggests that questionnaires could be useful screening tools for common mental illnesses to help redu...
Researchers found that ApoE4 gene variant affects brain function in healthy older women, causing changes characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, but has little impact on men. The study suggests a gender distinction in Alzheimer's risk, with implications for risk assessment and experimental avenues for understanding the disease.
A study found that while improved treatment uptake contributed significantly to reduced death rates from coronary heart disease, socioeconomic disparities persisted. The authors call for evidence-based policies to promote healthier diets and address social gradients in risk factors.
A study of 5,666 people found that those sleeping less than 6 hours a night had a higher incidence of stroke symptoms among middle-aged to older adults. The researchers suggest that short sleep duration may be a precursor to other traditional stroke risk factors.
A study suggests that women can reduce their breast cancer risk by avoiding unnecessary medical imaging. According to the UCSF analysis of IOM report, radiation exposure from medical imaging is a known risk factor for breast cancer.
A Swedish study found that dental plaque is associated with a significantly increased risk of premature death from cancer. The research tracked the health of almost 1,400 adults for 24 years and found that those with high levels of plaque had a 79% higher risk of dying early from cancer.
A Danish national cohort study found that cerebral damage and retinopathy of prematurity are independently associated with visual impairment in preschool children born extremely premature. The authors identified global developmental deficits, moderate to severe foveal abnormality, and ROP treatment as risk factors for VA loss.
A new meta-analysis suggests that people with pre-diabetes are at increased risk of stroke, but the precise degree of this threat depends on the medical definition used. Researchers found that those with fasting glucose levels between 110-125mg/dL carry a 21% higher chance of suffering a future stroke.
A study of 559 adolescents found that those with low-fiber diets had bigger bellies, higher levels of inflammatory factors, and more visceral fat. Increasing fiber intake is crucial for reducing these risks, particularly in a time when one-third of children are overweight or obese.
Researchers found that including genetic variants and environmental factors in disease models only increases risk prediction sensitivity by 1-3% for three common diseases. The study suggests that understanding the complexity of genetic and environmental factors will be crucial to improve risk prediction.
Research published in the journal Heart found that calcium supplements may increase the risk of heart attacks, while boosting dietary calcium intake has no significant heart health benefits. The study of nearly 24,000 participants suggests that high levels of calcium supplements may be harmful due to their impact on blood calcium levels.
A Swedish national cohort study of over 3.5 million people found that genetics, high fetal growth rate, and family history contribute to NHL incidence in adolescents. Low birth order and older maternal age also play a key role.
Research published in Circulation suggests that prolonged QRS duration is a significant predictor of sudden cardiac death in men. The study, which tracked 2,049 Finnish men for 19 years, found that even slight delays in electrical impulses through the heart can increase the risk of SCD.
A study from researchers in Sweden found that frequent asthma exacerbations are associated with higher doses of glucocorticosteroids, worse asthma control, and increased inflammatory markers. The study identified several risk factors for frequent exacerbations, including smoking history, lower quality of life, and body mass index >25.
Diabetes-related neuropathy affects 1 in 50 people, causing numbness, tingling, and pain, with costs estimated at $4.6-13.7 billion annually in the USA. A new review suggests various metabolic risk factors, including prediabetes, may be linked to neuropathy, offering potential targets for disease-modifying drugs.
Children in both US and Great Britain face similar risk factors for behavioral problems, including male children, health issues, and divorced mothers. Strong home environments with nurturing and safe conditions decrease the likelihood of behavior problems in both countries.
Research from North Carolina State University finds that US and British children share similar risk factors for behavioral problems, such as health issues and family structure. Strong home environments are shown to decrease the likelihood of behavior problems in both countries.
A large cohort study found that history of palpitations and hypertension are significant risk factors for atrial fibrillation in both men and women. Palpitations increased the risk of AF by 62% in women and 91% in men, while hypertension doubled the risk in women and increased it by 40% in men.
A study published in Springer's Sex Roles journal found that high family support and low pressure to achieve a 'thin ideal' are linked to a positive body image in young women. The research identified five key factors that promote resilience, including evaluating expectations, effective coping skills, and promoting holistic well-being.
A new study published in JAMA found that elderly women with atrial fibrillation are at a higher risk of stroke than men. The study suggests that these women may need more effective stroke prevention therapy, which could be targeted towards female sex as a key risk factor.
A simple drawing test can predict long-term stroke death risk among older men, with lowest scores linked to a threefold increased risk of death. The test is more effective than the mini mental state exam in predicting post-stroke mortality.
Researchers found that older APOE ε4 carriers experience smaller brain volumes and poorer cognitive performance with even minor increases in systolic blood pressure. The study suggests an interaction between genetic and vascular risk factors contributes to age-related decline in brain and cognition.