Articles tagged with Drug Design
Researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine propose requiring drug manufacturers to state how new medications compare with existing treatments. The proposed labeling would help patients and insurers make informed decisions about treatment options.
A new study has developed a combination of biochemical and MRI-based biomarkers that will improve the measurement of osteoarthritis progression. The aggregate cartilage longevity marker outperformed individual markers in diagnosis and prognosis, allowing for more effective treatment trials.
Researchers discover potential drugs that block the first step in the infection process, preventing flu viruses from infecting cells. This breakthrough could lead to a new genre of antivirals and be used to develop treatments for other medical problems.
A Monash University study has discovered a critical link between obesity and Type 2 diabetes, revealing that fat cells release PEDF, which triggers insulin resistance. Blocking PEDF reverses these effects, suggesting a potential breakthrough in treating the disease.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have made a breakthrough in understanding how the commonly prescribed drug praziquantel works to treat Schistosomiasis. Praziquantel causes two-headed organisms by subverting normal regeneration, leading to the identification of key molecules that control its effects.
A TGen-led team has identified five genetic biomarkers that may predict response to the anti-diabetes drug Actos, enabling personalized medicine for patients with type 2 diabetes. These markers were found in genes associated with PPARG function and include variants in a key drug metabolizing gene called cytochrome P450 3A4.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new understanding of how chromosomes separate during mitosis, a crucial process in cell division. By manipulating chromosome size and observing its effect on movement, they validated the theory that polar ejection forces play a central role in guiding chromosome movements.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered the structure of P-glycoprotein, a protein responsible for cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. The study provides valuable insights into how P-gp transports substances out of cells and may lead to the design of more effective drugs.
The Journal of General Physiology explores the mysteries of TRP channels, which are crucial for various senses. The latest Perspectives series provides a comprehensive overview of their biophysics, protein structure, and gating processes, shedding light on areas in need of further exploration.
A new study by Brigham Young University researchers reveals how and where the rhinovirus genome evolves to evade the human immune system and drugs. The findings provide valuable insights for developing effective vaccines against this common cold virus.
Researchers developed small molecules targeting Hsp90 in mitochondria to induce tumor cell death. This combinatorial approach may be more effective than targeting single signaling pathways. Gene therapy also restored muscle strength in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy by anchoring nNOS to the sarcolemma.
Researchers have developed a new class of cancer drugs that target multiple signaling networks controlled by mitochondrial Hsp90, leading to effective tumor cell death in mice. This combinatorial drug design approach may prove more effective than targeting single signaling pathways.
CSIRO's DAC microscopy method measures proteins in solution, allowing accurate dimensions of membrane receptors to be taken. This will help drug companies design more effective pharmaceuticals by understanding the complex structures of these molecules.
Researchers explore approaches to preserve BBB function and permit effective medicine passage. One technology involves targeting endogenous nutrient transporters, such as SLCs, to facilitate small molecule transport across the BBB.
A study published in Health Affairs found that seniors in Medicare's doughnut hole gap reduced their medication use by 14% per month. The authors suggest mandating generic drug coverage to protect seniors and prevent potential healthcare costs from hospitalizations and physician visits.
Researchers at Oklahoma State University have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how poxviruses evade the human immune system. By unlocking the structure of a key protein, they may be able to design medications to stop the viruses from blocking immune signals.
Several herbal remedies commonly used for menopausal symptoms, such as black cohosh and red clover, lack strong evidence supporting their effectiveness. The study highlights the need for better-designed trials to assess the safety and efficacy of these herbal products.
A phase III trial found sorafenib to be effective in increasing overall survival by 6.5 months compared to 4.2 months in the placebo group, and prolonged time to progression and disease control rate. Sorafenib was generally well-tolerated with some side effects.
Researchers are exploring new techniques to combat visual impairment and blindness by delivering drugs through the eye. Alternative methods such as microneedles, nanoparticles and polymer carriers are being investigated to improve drug delivery and reduce side effects.
A team of researchers argues that the success of ACT in curing malaria demands a new approach to assessing new antimalarial drugs. The authors discuss the design and interpretation of clinical trials for new antimalarial drugs, emphasizing the need for improved efficacy and public health utility.
A new study by Rice University bioengineers provides a comprehensive mathematical analysis of virus evolution, incorporating gene swaps and recombination. The results suggest that designing drugs that force viruses to mutate themselves out of existence may be possible, potentially eradicating disease.
Researchers have identified five compounds that block the activity of the trypanosomal REL1 enzyme, which is crucial for the parasite's survival. The approach uses computational tools to predict the dynamics of proteins and test hundreds of compounds for their ability to inhibit the enzyme.
According to a study published in JAMA, approximately one in four approved biological medicinal products had at least one safety-related regulatory action issued 10 years after their approval. The average time to a safety-related regulatory action was 3.7 years, with 70.7% of actions occurring within five years after approval.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona and ICIQ have designed a compound that can stabilize the p53 protein, even when it has mutations that promote cancer. The study opens up a new approach for developing anti-tumor drugs.
The University of Michigan is developing the Community Structure-Activity Resource (CSAR) database, a centralized repository of experimental data on drug-making compounds. This resource will improve computer programs that predict drug effectiveness and significantly impact the drug development process.
A new Web-based resource is being developed to provide molecular data needed for computer-aided drug design. The resource aims to improve the prediction of potential drug candidates and advance biomedical research.
Scientists at Leiden University have discovered that receptor models commonly used in drug design may not be accurate, leading to a better understanding of how drugs work. The adenosine A2A receptor's crystal structure has been cracked, revealing a small molecule called ZM241385 with high affinity for the receptor.
Researchers at Penn State found that smaller grains require less force to initiate movement through sandy soils than larger ones. This discovery could lead to more efficient designs for power-line towers and industrial mixer blades in sandy environments.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered that two common beta-blockers can stimulate a pathway that promotes cell survival and protects heart tissue. The study finds that alprenolol and carvedilol may have greater potential to repair the heart and prevent further damage.
Scientists have uncovered the 3D structure of Mps1, a protein that regulates chromosome number during cell division and prevents cancer. The discovery will help design safer and more effective therapies.
Researchers found that calmodulin uses two lobes to sense local and global calcium levels, allowing it to detect fluctuations within cells. This discovery sheds light on the universal means of communication in cells and has implications for understanding neural diseases.
Researchers are developing novel hit-to-lead drug discovery strategies utilizing a combination of high-throughput screening, miniaturization, and advanced data analysis. This approach enables the identification of promising compounds with increased efficiency, leading to faster and more effective disease treatments.
The OptiNose Phase II study demonstrated that its nasal device combination achieves rapid and efficient migraine relief without needle-stick injuries. The results show that 74.3% of patients experienced headache relief within 60 minutes and 83.8% after 120 minutes.
A single VSOP protein can carry protons, regulating pH conditions during pathogen removal, and may aid in designing new medications for innate immunity enhancement.
Researchers at Montana State University have created the first three-dimensional map of the Steap3 protein, which regulates iron absorption. This breakthrough could lead to the development of targeted drugs for hemochromatosis and iron deficiency conditions.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine have discovered a new window into the brain, revealing how addictive drugs trigger permanent changes in brain cells. The study's findings provide clues for targeting addiction with new drugs.
Giuseppe Di Benedetto and Micaela Caramellino received top scores at a student poster event for their innovative methods in manufacturing small drug particles. Their research has been recognized with grants from the National Science Foundation.
A study by researchers at the University of Toronto found that individuals with a specific enzyme deficiency may be protected from severe and fatal malaria. The enzyme pyruvate kinase plays a crucial role in energy production and its deficiency is linked to protection against malaria infection.
A new medication, pimecrolimus, failed to reduce arterial renarrowing after stenting, while a multi-reservoir stent design with the drug delivered better outcomes. The study used a combination of pimecrolimus and paclitaxel for comparison.
A new study has revealed in high definition how a blood protein gives blood clots their elasticity. Fibrinogen molecules form elastic fibers that seal the vessel, with cells like platelets filling the gaps. The protein's flexibility can be enhanced or altered by changing calcium levels or pH.
A team at CSHL led by Professor Leemor Joshua-Tor discovered a new wrinkle in the regulation of gene expression that governs metabolic state in yeast cells. The discovery revealed a key role for the NADP molecule in adapting to changes in nutritional environments.
A new chemical synthesis method based on a rhodium-based catalyst has the potential to dramatically improve the design and production of new drugs. The catalyst can produce large quantities of pharmaceutical products with unprecedented structural entities, making it an enabling technology for drug discovery.
Researchers developed a fast-acting antidote to cyanide poisoning that works in under three minutes and can be taken orally, giving emergency responders more time to respond. The new antidote has been tested on animals and shows exceptional effectiveness.
A recent study published in Nature captures enzymes in motion, revealing they engage in a dynamic dance before catalysis occurs. The research, led by Dr. Dorothee Kern, uses advanced techniques to document the tiny changes in enzyme shape and structure.
Texas A&M researchers Frank Raushel and Ricardo Marti-Arbona use molecular docking to predict enzyme function based on structure alone. The team's method ranks molecules by fit and scores them for physical testing, offering a faster alternative to existing methods.
Scientists at Northwestern University are mapping parts of lethal bacteria in three dimensions, exposing a fresh opening into the bacteria's vulnerabilities. This view will enable scientists to create drugs to disable or vaccines to prevent deadly infectious diseases such as anthrax, plague, and Ebola.
A new study using the Driving Reliability and Error Analysis Method (DREAM) found that four scenarios contribute to single-vehicle crashes: driver fatigue, loss of traction on slippery roads, overestimation of driving skills, and panicked steering. Vehicle safety features can now be designed to compensate for these unpredictable factors.
SQ109 shows excellent in vitro and in vivo activity against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB bacteria. The treatment also synergizes with other TB drugs in experimental animal models, offering new combinations with greater activity than current standard care.
A new MIT model can predict structural changes in antibodies to enhance their effectiveness. The team has already created a new version of a cancer treatment drug with improved binding affinity.
A multidisciplinary team led by UCSD researchers has determined the structure of MitoNEET, a protein that shows promise as a target for developing innovative diabetes drugs. The discovery provides insights into how these drugs may protect cells from oxidative stress and potentially offer greater specificity and fewer side effects.
Johns Hopkins researchers have solved the long-standing puzzle of how bacteria produce the B vitamin folate, uncovering an unknown enzyme that plays a crucial role in the process. The discovery sheds light on potential antibacterial drug targets and could lead to new therapeutic options.
Scientists have discovered that adding more fish oil to the diet can decrease the formation of prostanoids, which contribute to inflammation in various tissues. This finding may lead to the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects than current options.
Researchers at U of M create Portmanteau Inhibitors, merging antiviral agents into one drug to reduce cost and toxicity. The new approach is less likely to develop resistance from the virus and shows promise in improving treatment outcomes for AIDS patients.
Researchers at Penn School Medicine observe and measure internal motion in proteins, revealing its impact on function and overturning traditional views. This discovery may explain why drug design fails more often than it works.
Researchers investigated the effect of finasteride on sexual function in over 17,000 men, finding minimal impact. A new trial design aims to better evaluate targeted therapies by identifying a molecular cutoff point for responsive patients.
A new Alzheimer's treatment, CTS-21166, designed by a Purdue University researcher has begun human clinical trials. The experimental drug is a disease-modifying therapy that could prevent and reverse the disease by intercepting and disabling key enzymes.
Northeastern University researchers have discovered a novel method for studying the DNA binding of small molecules, which may aid in rational drug design targeting cancer and other diseases. The team used single DNA molecule stretching to investigate ethidium and ruthenium complexes, achieving unprecedented detail.
The L'Oréal-UNESCO Award For Women in Science recognizes five outstanding female researchers, including Dr. Mildred Dresselhaus, who pioneered carbon nanotube research at MIT's School of Engineering. The award honors their contributions to various fields, including medicinal chemistry and bio-medical applications.
A new study from The Wistar Institute suggests that a component of the common vitamin B3, nicotinamide, binds to sirtuin molecules and inhibits their activity. Activating these enzymes could have anti-aging effects and help counteract age-related health problems like obesity and type II diabetes.
Researchers have constructed a protein out of amino acids not found in natural proteins, discovering they can form a complex, stable structure resembling a natural protein. This finding could help scientists design effective drugs that won't be degraded by enzymes or targeted by the immune system.