Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers developed a method to create 3D cultures of clustered cancer cells that better mimic tumors, enabling more accurate drug testing. A new NIH grant will model the response of colon cancer cells to anticancer drugs, aiming to identify molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and develop new treatment strategies.
The study used baker's yeast expressing fluorescent proteins fused with membrane transporters to investigate fungal drug resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the resistance of yeast to antimycotic agents is more complex than previously thought, involving hyperactivation of ABC-transporters and xenobiotic sensors.
Researchers found that isoxazoline drugs, commonly used to protect pets from fleas and ticks, can kill disease-carrying mosquitoes and sand flies. Administering these drugs to less than a third of the population in areas prone to seasonal outbreaks could prevent up to 97 percent of all cases of infection.
A new computer algorithm developed by Johns Hopkins researchers can predict when cancer cells will develop resistance to treatment. The Coordinate Gene Activity in Pattern Sets (CoGAPS) algorithm uses in vitro cell models and computational analysis to track molecular changes over time.
Researchers at EMBL Grenoble investigate how Xofluza, a new anti-influenza drug, works and explore possible mechanisms for viral resistance. They found that a specific mutation in the virus's polymerase enzyme makes it less susceptible to the drug.
Researchers found that current dosing regimens for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria may be sub-optimal for children below 5 years of age and pregnant women. A revised 5-day treatment regimen is suggested to improve treatment efficacy and delay drug resistance development.
Researchers found that SHP2 inhibitors are effective against lung and pancreatic cancers, which share the same genetic error. The new class of drugs may help treat drug-resistant tumors by reverting cancer cells to being susceptible to other drugs.
A new partnership aims to explore the use of cannabidiol (CBD) and other non-psychoactive molecules from the cannabis plant to reduce seizures in patients with drug-resistant epilepsies. The research will also optimize the effectiveness of this approach to treat epilepsy, offering a potential new horizon for severe disabling seizures.
A new study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise found that a mindfulness-based stress reduction program was as effective as structured exercise programs in increasing physical activity and extending life expectancy. The program involved 2.5 hours of meditation, self-awareness, and breathing exercises per week.
Researchers found a specific mutation in the PARP1 protein that prevents PARP inhibitors from working, leading to resistance. Testing for this mutation could help personalize treatment decisions and predict resistance progression.
Researchers have identified a new vulnerability in drug-resistant melanoma that can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells. By targeting this vulnerability with vorinostat, resistant tumor cells are killed while sensitive cells remain alive.
Researchers have identified over 2,600 essential genes in Plasmodium falciparum, the most lethal malaria parasite. These genes will help guide future drug development efforts targeting specific genes crucial for parasite survival.
A global charity grant will support researchers in Australia and the US to identify 'drug-like' molecules for treating malaria. The new treatments aim to target deadly forms of the disease, such as Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, with a focus on long-term effectiveness.
A large proportion of malaria patients in endemic countries are likely to receive low doses of malaria medicine, leading to poorer treatment outcomes and potentially fueling drug resistance. Vulnerable groups like malnourished children and pregnant women require different treatments due to their unique response to antimalarial drugs.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center have identified a unique protein in the malaria parasite's mitochondrion that could be targeted for a new vaccine. The protein, known as 'prohibitin,' plays a crucial role in the parasite's survival and is not present in human cells.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have identified a new protein shield called Shieldin that helps repair damaged DNA and affects resistance to PARP inhibitor drugs used for breast cancer treatment. This discovery may contribute to making decisions for treating cancer patients and understanding mechanisms of resistance.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have identified a hormone imbalance as the underlying cause of treatment-resistant hypertension in around 10% of patients. The discovery highlights the potential benefits of spironolactone and amiloride in managing resistant hypertension.
Researchers found that changing the scheduling of drug administration can improve outcomes in mouse models of melanoma, leading to more complete responses. A combination of MEK inhibitor given continuously with intermittent CDK4/6 inhibitor was the most effective schedule in mice.
Researchers have discovered a key link between RNA cytosine methylation, methyltransferases, and chromatin structure in regulating 5-azacytidine response in leukemia. The study's findings offer new insights into predicting drug resistance and potential therapeutic targets for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelo...
Researchers have identified plant-derived volatiles with potent vapour-phase-mediated anti-Candida activity, offering a potential solution to the growing problem of drug resistance. Approximately half of the tested essential oils and their components showed activity against the most drug-resistant type of Candida.
Loss of protein PHLDA1 is sufficient for development of drug resistance to targeted therapy in endometrial and HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Rescuing PHLDA1 expression re-sensitises cancer cells to RTK inhibitor.
Researchers at Indiana University discovered a compound that blocks neuropathic pain and decreases signs of opioid dependence when used with opioid-based pain medications. The study suggests the experimental drug could be used to prevent tolerance and treat opioid addiction.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified a small drug molecule that can clear HSV-1 infection in cells and works differently than current drugs. The new compound, BX795, has shown to be effective in treating resistant cases with minimal toxicity.
Researchers used molecular simulations to understand resistance to osimertinib, an effective anticancer drug for non-small-cell lung cancer. The study identified a novel mutation, L718Q, that causes drug resistance by changing the protein's structure, making it harder for the drug to bind.
A new machine learning algorithm, SWING, has been developed to uncover the underlying biological networks within cells by analyzing time-series data. This allows researchers to understand how cells make decisions and respond to stimuli, which can lead to strategies for intervening in diseases like cancer.
Researchers identified a new treatment that relaxes muscles and opens airways in asthma, preventing pulmonary resistance. The treatment, TSG12, is non-toxic and more effective than current treatments, providing relief for millions with asthma.
Researchers have discovered a safe antimalarial dye that kills malaria parasites at an unprecedented rate, curing patients within two days. The addition of methylene blue to artemisinin-based combination therapies prevents the spread of malaria, with male parasites disappearing from the bloodstream more quickly than female parasites.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered that ibrutinib can also target ERBB4, a lesser-studied member of the RTK family, potentially thwarting solid tumor growth. The compound limits growth in human cancer cells and reduces tumor size in mice.
Researchers found adding hydroxyurea to current chemotherapy protocol significantly increased survival in animal models of glioblastoma, a deadly brain cancer. The combination led to a significant increase in survival and even induced remission in some cases.
Researchers employed AI 'scientist' Eve to discover that triclosan inhibits DHFR, an enzyme target of well-established antimalarial drug pyrimethamine; targeting this enzyme could help combat resistance
A new stem cell method creates human arterial endothelial cells from cord blood and adult bone marrow, revealing two distinct states: healthy and compromised. The compromised state is linked to arteriosclerosis and can be used to study a major risk factor for heart disease.
Manning's research focuses on the role of retinoblastoma protein in regulating chromosome segregation. Her work aims to understand how defects in this process contribute to genetic variability and chemotherapy resistance in tumors. The study may lead to new targets for anti-cancer medications.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a novel therapeutic strategy to treat drug-resistant thyroid cancers by combining vemurafenib with palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor. The treatment was shown to induce stronger cell death than when used alone, offering new hope for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have discovered that combining an immunosuppressive arthritis drug, leflunomide, with a melanoma treatment may enhance its effectiveness. The study found that the combination almost completely stopped the growth of a melanoma tumor in mice.
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the impact of glucocorticoid hormones on immune cells, shedding light on why some people develop resistance to commonly prescribed medicines. The study found that dynamic changes in DNA organisation occurred after just five minutes of drug application and persisted for up to five days.
Researchers found that limiting a nutrient used by malaria parasites can prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This ecological approach shows promise for controlling drug resistance in infections like tuberculosis and malaria.
A study has identified an agent that can reverse resistance to a targeted therapy in some cases of leukemia. Azacitidine was found to reactivate cells that had become resistant to the treatment SL-401 by reversing DNA methylation, making them vulnerable to the drug again.
Researchers at Osaka University identify a compound effective against drug-resistant HCV, inhibiting its maturation process. The dibenzoazepine structure is responsible for its effectiveness, allowing for potential modifications to combat other diseases.
A new study reveals that HIV drug resistance is on the rise, particularly among individuals in low- to middle-income countries, where 11.1% of those starting therapy have resistant virus strains. The research highlights the importance of improving monitoring and response strategies to combat this growing threat.
Researchers have discovered that tumors develop resistance to radiotherapy through an influx of immune suppressive cells, known as monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs). Combining STING-activating drugs with anti-CCR2 antibodies can overcome this resistance and boost tumor destruction.
Researchers have discovered that glatiramer acetate, a widely used multiple sclerosis treatment, can also effectively kill certain multi-resistant bacteria. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for treating cystic fibrosis patients and may even provide insight into the underlying causes of multiple sclerosis.
A cheap and widely used drug lansoprazole may have useful activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. The study found people taking lansoprazole were a third less likely to develop TB than those taking similar drugs.
Anita Mattson's research focuses on naturally occurring molecules known as dimeric chromanones, which have high biological activity and may become powerful dual-action treatments for drug-resistant cancers. Her goal is to develop a new class of catalysts using silanediols to control the synthesis of these compounds.
Research from MD Anderson Cancer Center suggests that chronic stress hormones can promote resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer patients. However, using beta blockers may slow or prevent this resistance, according to the study's findings.
A new study reveals that non-small cell lung cancers are driven by multiple genetic changes, including alterations in TP53 and other pathways. The findings suggest that combination therapies targeting these mutations may improve treatment outcomes and prevent drug resistance.
A new treatment reduced disease burden in patients with skin-predominant dermatomyositis, improving patient-reported quality of life and symptom assessments. The treatment, anabasum, was well-tolerated with mild side effects.
Researchers analyzed over 600 drug and breast cancer cell pairings, revealing significant changes in gene expression without affecting cell growth or survival. The study identified potential synergistic combinations of drugs, including trametinib and alpelisib, to overcome adaptive resistance mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-Cas9-based gene drive platform to create diploid strains of C. albicans, allowing for the efficient deletion of genes involved in drug resistance and biofilm formation. The approach identified synergistic combinations of genes that contribute to these traits.
Scientists have found that a rare genetic disease known as NGLY1 deficiency could hold the key to understanding resistance to cancer drugs. Dampening this enzyme may allow proteasome inhibitors to continue killing cancer cells, providing hope for new treatments.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have successfully characterized a highly pathogenic avian virus that is both lethal and transmissible in ferrets. The study suggests that this virus strain could become a potential public health threat if it undergoes further mutations, making it resistant to existing treatments.
Researchers found that epigenetic regulation can increase Wnt signaling to promote cell proliferation, leading to resistance to cetuximab. Blocking Wnt signaling may restore responsiveness to the drug in cultured colon cancer cells and mice tumors.
A laboratory-based study discovered that an alcohol aversion drug can reverse chemotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. The researchers found that the drug, Disulfiram, inhibited ALDH activity, reducing tumour cell growth and killing lung cancer stem cells.
Researchers at Lund University have successfully isolated and studied the plant compound damsin, which inhibits the growth and spread of cancer stem cells. The study's findings suggest that damsin and its synthetic analogue ambrosin may contribute to the development of new drugs against cancer stem cells.
Researchers found that flu viruses can evolve rapidly due to their ability to hijack host chaperone proteins, which help mutated viral proteins fold and function. Targeting these proteins could delay viral evolution and decelerate escape from existing drugs and vaccines.
A specific mutation in the DNA of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus deuterogattii increases its mutation rate, allowing it to rapidly develop resistance to antifungal drugs like FK506 and rapamycin. This hypermutator trait is likely widespread among pathogenic fungi.
Researchers at RUDN University discovered a redox-dependent mechanism that enables ovarian and breast cancer cells to resist chemotherapy. The mechanism involves the expression of genes encoding thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, which play a crucial role in the antioxidant defense system.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a new target for cancer therapies by blocking an enzyme crucial to tumor growth and a process that causes resistance to current treatments. A new drug called DQ661 successfully inhibits tumor growth in mice with melanoma, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers.
Researchers aim to identify parasite genes underlying resistance, monitor spread, and design treatment strategies. They will use innovative genetic crosses in a 'humanized' mouse strain to better understand drug resistance evolution.
Researchers at Tulane University have developed a new drug, AQ-13, effective against non-severe cases of malaria. The clinical trial results match the effectiveness of widely used treatment regimens and hold promise for combating drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains.
A phase III clinical trial found that osimertinib improves progression-free survival and median duration of response by 50-100% compared to standard first line therapy for patients with EGFR mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. The benefit was consistent across all subgroups, including those with and without brain metastases.