Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Biologists at UC San Diego have discovered a human gene that inhibits HIV and makes tumor cells sensitive to DNA-damaging agents. The researchers found that the Schlafen 11 protein blocks the synthesis of viral proteins, allowing tumor cells to survive.
Biophysicists at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a Raman microscopy method to detect cancer drug resistance in tumour cells. The new approach shows effectiveness in non-mutated cells but remains ineffective in mutated cells, similar to clinical observations.
A new study suggests that a monthly vaginal ring releasing dapivirine, an antiretroviral drug, poses minimal risk of developing drug-resistant HIV. The research analyzed plasma samples from women who acquired HIV during the ASPIRE Phase III trial and found no cases of dapivirine-associated resistance.
Researchers have identified two compounds with better antiviral properties than oseltamivir, effective against both drug-resistant and sensitive strains of influenza A. These compounds target the AM2 protein with the S31N mutation, a key site of resistance in most influenza A viruses.
A recent study by Imperial College London suggests that the flu virus can develop resistance to favipiravir, a potential pandemic drug, if it undergoes two specific genetic mutations. This finding highlights the need for close monitoring and surveillance to prevent the emergence of resistant strains.
Researchers found an association between lead levels in the shin bone and treatment-resistant high blood pressure in men. The study suggests that cumulative lead burden may be an overlooked risk factor for drug-resistant hypertension.
The study identifies 14 common chemicals that can impact assay conclusions without compromising plasmodium growth and proliferation. The team estimates maximum allowable concentrations compatible with the assay, ensuring normal parasite survival and proliferation.
Sanjay Awasthi's research blocks stress-responsive protein Rlip to defeat deleterious effects of p53 loss, a common genetic defect in breast cancers. This discovery could lead to effective new medications for cancer, diabetes, and other health issues.
Dr Alison Feder's innovative work on HIV's high mutation rates and large population sizes has been recognized with the inaugural Milner Prize. Her research explores how drug resistance evolution affects patient dynamics, shedding light on the complex interactions between viruses and their hosts.
Researchers at Wayne State University have developed a nanoplatform technology that works in combination with existing chemotherapeutic drugs to reverse drug-resistance in renal cell carcinoma. The technology uses tumor hypoxia-directed nanoparticles to target the root cause of the problem and has shown promising results in animal trials.
Researchers found that increased antioxidant enzyme expression and decreased NADPH-oxidase activity hinder treatment efficiency. This study reveals a redox-dependent mechanism of drug resistance development in ovarian cancer cells.
Resistant hypertension affects 12-15% of patients with high blood pressure, who require three or more medications to control it. Improving lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, and weight can lower blood pressure.
Geneticists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered a previously unknown cell growth mechanism that makes many cancers resistant to rapamycin drugs. mTORC3, a novel complex, was found to be responsible for this resistance and offers a new target for anticancer drug development.
Human clinical trials for DesignMedix and Portland State's anti-malarial drug DM1157 have begun, assessing the drug's safety and absorption in healthy volunteers. The Phase I study aims to overcome growing resistance among malaria medicines, with potential approval for treatment of millions.
A new antimalarial drug called DM1157 is being tested in a Phase 1 clinical trial for its safety and efficacy. The trial aims to enroll up to 104 healthy volunteers and assess the drug's impact on the human body.
A new study reveals insights into venomous species can lead to targeted drug development for human diseases. Potential advances include therapeutic peptides derived from sea anemones and spider toxins.
Researchers identified six classes of genes that contribute to cancer resistance, including CDK4/6 inhibitors. Combining BET and CDK4/6 inhibitors completely stopped tumors from growing in preclinical experiments.
A mathematical model for malaria shows that competition between parasite strains within a human host reduces the odds of drug resistance developing in high-transmission settings. The model reveals how once a drug-resistant strain becomes established, it will spread faster in high-transmission areas than in low-transmission areas.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School discovered that gut stem cells have a unique population of cells with intrinsic toxin resistance, enabling them to withstand drugs and spicy foods. These 'drug efflux pumps' protect the gut from toxic compounds, promoting intestinal regeneration and overall health.
Mount Sinai researchers discovered a novel epigenetic mechanism causing drug resistance in melanoma patients with BRAF gene mutations. A biomarker called IGFBP2 was also identified, which could benefit from combination therapies that inhibit BRAF and IGFBP2-driven pathways.
A new cancer drug lead, C1, has shown promise in reducing tumor size by forcing tumors back to normal metabolism. The approach combines two existing drugs, doxorubicin and dichloroacetic acid, to deliver a potent toxin and prevent tumor growth.
Researchers at University of New South Wales developed a novel drug targeting Ceramide Synthase enzymes linked to insulin resistance. The drug successfully prevented mice from depositing and storing fat by increasing their ability to burn fat.
A new technique links samples to individuals and locations, providing continuous national surveillance for eradicating tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis. The Western Cape Province in South Africa was used as a testing ground for this method, revealing spatially heterogeneous rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis rates.
A novel laboratory-synthesized molecule based on natural compounds found in marine gliding bacteria is capable of killing even the strain that resists conventional antimalarials. In tests, it displays low toxicity and high selectivity, acting only on the parasite and not on other cells of the host organism.
Researchers developed QPOP, a computational platform that identifies effective drug combinations against bortezomib-resistant MM. The platform successfully predicted dosages for combination therapies, leading to reduced tumor size and prolonged survival in mouse models.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have developed a new combination therapy using three drugs to block growth from without and within, potentially relieving resistance in lung cancer patients. The approach was successful in mice and may help extend the lives of thousands of lung cancer patients.
Researchers identified Shieldin, a protein complex that regulates DNA repair and may explain why some patients develop resistance to new anti-cancer drugs. The study's findings suggest that Shieldin levels can be used as a marker for identifying patients likely to respond poorly to PARP inhibitors.
Research finds Candida krusei and Pichia kudriavzevii are genetically identical, both causing significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The study highlights the need for caution when using drug-resistant yeast strains in biotechnology and food applications.
Researchers identified MAST1 as an enzyme responsible for making tumors and cancer cells resistant to cisplatin. An experimental drug, leastaurtinib, targets this enzyme, potentially allowing reduced doses of cisplatin to reduce side effects.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania and Syracuse University have developed a compound that effectively controls hyperglycemia in animal trials without causing nausea and vomiting. The modified compound is less absorbed into brain regions that trigger these side effects, leading to vastly improved tolerance.
Researchers developed a method to create 3D cultures of clustered cancer cells that better mimic tumors, enabling more accurate drug testing. A new NIH grant will model the response of colon cancer cells to anticancer drugs, aiming to identify molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and develop new treatment strategies.
The study used baker's yeast expressing fluorescent proteins fused with membrane transporters to investigate fungal drug resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the resistance of yeast to antimycotic agents is more complex than previously thought, involving hyperactivation of ABC-transporters and xenobiotic sensors.
Researchers found that isoxazoline drugs, commonly used to protect pets from fleas and ticks, can kill disease-carrying mosquitoes and sand flies. Administering these drugs to less than a third of the population in areas prone to seasonal outbreaks could prevent up to 97 percent of all cases of infection.
A new computer algorithm developed by Johns Hopkins researchers can predict when cancer cells will develop resistance to treatment. The Coordinate Gene Activity in Pattern Sets (CoGAPS) algorithm uses in vitro cell models and computational analysis to track molecular changes over time.
Researchers at EMBL Grenoble investigate how Xofluza, a new anti-influenza drug, works and explore possible mechanisms for viral resistance. They found that a specific mutation in the virus's polymerase enzyme makes it less susceptible to the drug.
Researchers found that current dosing regimens for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria may be sub-optimal for children below 5 years of age and pregnant women. A revised 5-day treatment regimen is suggested to improve treatment efficacy and delay drug resistance development.
Researchers found that SHP2 inhibitors are effective against lung and pancreatic cancers, which share the same genetic error. The new class of drugs may help treat drug-resistant tumors by reverting cancer cells to being susceptible to other drugs.
A new partnership aims to explore the use of cannabidiol (CBD) and other non-psychoactive molecules from the cannabis plant to reduce seizures in patients with drug-resistant epilepsies. The research will also optimize the effectiveness of this approach to treat epilepsy, offering a potential new horizon for severe disabling seizures.
A new study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise found that a mindfulness-based stress reduction program was as effective as structured exercise programs in increasing physical activity and extending life expectancy. The program involved 2.5 hours of meditation, self-awareness, and breathing exercises per week.
Researchers found a specific mutation in the PARP1 protein that prevents PARP inhibitors from working, leading to resistance. Testing for this mutation could help personalize treatment decisions and predict resistance progression.
Researchers have identified a new vulnerability in drug-resistant melanoma that can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells. By targeting this vulnerability with vorinostat, resistant tumor cells are killed while sensitive cells remain alive.
Researchers have identified over 2,600 essential genes in Plasmodium falciparum, the most lethal malaria parasite. These genes will help guide future drug development efforts targeting specific genes crucial for parasite survival.
A global charity grant will support researchers in Australia and the US to identify 'drug-like' molecules for treating malaria. The new treatments aim to target deadly forms of the disease, such as Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, with a focus on long-term effectiveness.
A large proportion of malaria patients in endemic countries are likely to receive low doses of malaria medicine, leading to poorer treatment outcomes and potentially fueling drug resistance. Vulnerable groups like malnourished children and pregnant women require different treatments due to their unique response to antimalarial drugs.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center have identified a unique protein in the malaria parasite's mitochondrion that could be targeted for a new vaccine. The protein, known as 'prohibitin,' plays a crucial role in the parasite's survival and is not present in human cells.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have identified a new protein shield called Shieldin that helps repair damaged DNA and affects resistance to PARP inhibitor drugs used for breast cancer treatment. This discovery may contribute to making decisions for treating cancer patients and understanding mechanisms of resistance.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have identified a hormone imbalance as the underlying cause of treatment-resistant hypertension in around 10% of patients. The discovery highlights the potential benefits of spironolactone and amiloride in managing resistant hypertension.
Researchers found that changing the scheduling of drug administration can improve outcomes in mouse models of melanoma, leading to more complete responses. A combination of MEK inhibitor given continuously with intermittent CDK4/6 inhibitor was the most effective schedule in mice.
Researchers have discovered a key link between RNA cytosine methylation, methyltransferases, and chromatin structure in regulating 5-azacytidine response in leukemia. The study's findings offer new insights into predicting drug resistance and potential therapeutic targets for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelo...
Researchers have identified plant-derived volatiles with potent vapour-phase-mediated anti-Candida activity, offering a potential solution to the growing problem of drug resistance. Approximately half of the tested essential oils and their components showed activity against the most drug-resistant type of Candida.
Loss of protein PHLDA1 is sufficient for development of drug resistance to targeted therapy in endometrial and HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Rescuing PHLDA1 expression re-sensitises cancer cells to RTK inhibitor.
Researchers at Indiana University discovered a compound that blocks neuropathic pain and decreases signs of opioid dependence when used with opioid-based pain medications. The study suggests the experimental drug could be used to prevent tolerance and treat opioid addiction.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified a small drug molecule that can clear HSV-1 infection in cells and works differently than current drugs. The new compound, BX795, has shown to be effective in treating resistant cases with minimal toxicity.
Researchers used molecular simulations to understand resistance to osimertinib, an effective anticancer drug for non-small-cell lung cancer. The study identified a novel mutation, L718Q, that causes drug resistance by changing the protein's structure, making it harder for the drug to bind.
A new machine learning algorithm, SWING, has been developed to uncover the underlying biological networks within cells by analyzing time-series data. This allows researchers to understand how cells make decisions and respond to stimuli, which can lead to strategies for intervening in diseases like cancer.
Researchers identified a new treatment that relaxes muscles and opens airways in asthma, preventing pulmonary resistance. The treatment, TSG12, is non-toxic and more effective than current treatments, providing relief for millions with asthma.
Researchers have discovered a safe antimalarial dye that kills malaria parasites at an unprecedented rate, curing patients within two days. The addition of methylene blue to artemisinin-based combination therapies prevents the spread of malaria, with male parasites disappearing from the bloodstream more quickly than female parasites.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered that ibrutinib can also target ERBB4, a lesser-studied member of the RTK family, potentially thwarting solid tumor growth. The compound limits growth in human cancer cells and reduces tumor size in mice.
Researchers found adding hydroxyurea to current chemotherapy protocol significantly increased survival in animal models of glioblastoma, a deadly brain cancer. The combination led to a significant increase in survival and even induced remission in some cases.
Researchers employed AI 'scientist' Eve to discover that triclosan inhibits DHFR, an enzyme target of well-established antimalarial drug pyrimethamine; targeting this enzyme could help combat resistance