Researchers at Osaka University have discovered that zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films exhibit the fastest excitonic radiative decay rate ever recorded, surpassing thermal dephasing rates. This breakthrough could lead to the development of ultra-fast and energy-efficient photonic devices with non-thermogenic properties.
New research using tree ring records reveals a 80-year decline in Asian summer monsoon rainfall, resulting in regional droughts and hardships. The study attributes the decline to man-made atmospheric pollutants, specifically sulfate aerosols, which coincide with industrial development and emissions in China.
The Obesity Medicine Association announces major updates to its adult obesity algorithm, addressing key health consequences and treatment strategies. The new guidelines provide comprehensive guidance for healthcare professionals on managing the chronic disease of obesity, including nutrition, physical activity, and pharmacotherapy.
A new blood biopsy technique allows for comprehensive genetic profiling of cancer cells, capturing variation among cells within a single patient. This improves treatment monitoring and targeting by identifying genes active in cancer cells and tracking their response to therapy.
A genomic collision may explain why many kidney transplants fail due to genetic incompatibility between donor and recipient. The study found that recipients with two copies of a deletion near the LIMS1 gene had a significantly higher risk of rejection when the donor kidney had at least one full-sized version of the same gene.
The UK's pesticide regulation is under threat after a change in EU powers led to the removal of a blanket ban on Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). The new legislation gives UK ministers more power to amend and revoke laws, weakening enforcement arrangements and the requirement for scientific advice.
Researchers have identified a promising therapeutic target for metastatic prostate cancer by inhibiting the PHLPP2 protein, which stabilizes the oncogenic protein MYC. This finding has implications for treating other cancers driven by MYC and could lead to efficient new drugs.
A La Trobe University study has found significant levels of fatigue and poor brain function can persist after concussion, with implications for diagnosis and treatment of persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS). The study used innovative brain technology to assess brain functioning in a way that has never been done before.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered a method to repurpose immunosuppressive regulatory T cells into inflammatory cells that intensify an antitumor immune response. This approach primes tumors for immune checkpoint blockade, increasing the effectiveness of cancer therapies.
A proof-of-concept study found that special goggles measuring eye movements can accurately diagnose vertigo types, including Meniere's disease. The study showed improved sensitivity and specificity compared to audio tests.
Researchers at Tel Hai College and MIGAL Institute in Israel have developed a method to make phosphorus fertilizer from dairy wastewater and aluminum water treatment residue. This innovative approach has the potential to recycle the element without lowering crop yields, reducing the reliance on non-renewable resources.
Researchers mapped over 1.1 million forest sites and 28,000 tree species to understand how symbiotic partnerships structure the world's forests. The study revealed a new biological rule, Read's Rule, which predicts massive changes to the symbiotic state of the world's forests if carbon emissions continue unabated.
Many Americans in their 50s and early 60s worry about declining brain health, taking supplements or doing puzzles to stave off brain decline. However, few have talked with their doctors about evidence-based ways to prevent memory loss, potentially missing out on proven strategies.
Researchers found that opioid-exposed babies react more strongly to pain and have higher skin conductance, suggesting they may need early intervention. The study suggests that these babies handle pain worse than their non-exposed counterparts, highlighting the need for better care.
A new study found that people who walk faster have a higher life expectancy than those who walk slower, regardless of their weight status. The research used data from the UK Biobank and found that underweight individuals with a slow walking pace had the lowest life expectancy.
A study from the University of Bath aims to address human error in cyberattacks by using technology inspired from exercise and fitness apps. Researchers plan to create a prototype that gently nudges users into changing their passwords, updating privacy settings, and locking screens.
Researchers have developed a new framework that enables deep neural networks to learn new tasks while minimizing the loss of previously learned information. The Learn to Grow framework demonstrates improved performance in both new and old tasks, with backward transfer occurring when learning a new task enhances previous task accuracy.
A pre-clinical study investigates the use of nicotine-like medications to reduce limb damage caused by inflammation. The research could potentially modulate the immune response to protect limbs after an injury.
Researchers tested biodegradable, oxo-biodegradable and compostable plastic bags in three natural environments over a 3-year period. The results show that none of the bags reliably deteriorated within 3 years, with conventional polyethylene bags remaining intact.
A new brain-controlled hearing aid technology developed by Columbia engineers can identify and amplify the correct speaker in a crowded environment. The device uses artificial intelligence to monitor wearers' brain waves and boost the voice they want to focus on, solving the 'cocktail party problem' that modern hearing aids struggle with.
The NINDS R35 grant will fund the Casaccia lab's work to elucidate signals regulating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in healthy brains, addressing normal and dysfunctional cell behavior. This award supports long-term research on regenerative properties of progenitor cells and their role in neurological diseases.
A recent study confirms the emergence of feminist reggaeton music in Spain, led by researchers from Universitat Rovira i Virgili. The study analyzes three female reggaeton projects that use parody and criticism to promote feminist ideas and empower women.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that renal infarction is associated with acute kidney injury in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. The study revealed a relatively high prevalence of renal infarction among these patients, suggesting it as a potential cause of acute kidney injury in this context.
A new tool, SymTrak, tracks symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and anxiety in older adults, enabling clinicians to provide better care for potentially related diseases. The tool was developed by researchers at the Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University to identify early onset of complex issues.
Researchers have identified a small organic compound called gluconate that acts as an anticonvulsant, inhibiting seizures by targeting chloride ion channels. The study found that gluconate suppresses seizure activity more effectively in neonatal animals than adults.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed wearable electronic components that can be directly incorporated into fabrics, enabling flexible circuits, healthcare monitoring, and energy conversion. The devices are based on low-cost, sustainable, and scalable dyeing of polyester fabric using graphene inks.
Researchers have identified compounds in ragweed that can help nerve cells survive with Alzheimer's disease peptides. The compounds, including terpenoids and spermidine conjugates, showed promise in protecting neurons from Aβ-induced toxicity.
A new smartphone-based platform can quickly detect possible ear infections in children by analyzing reflected acoustic signals. The system uses a commercial phone's speakers and microphones to send sound into the ear canal, detecting middle ear fluid with high accuracy.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have developed a novel e-waste recycling method using pulsed power, which successfully separates metal from plastic in CD-ROMs. The technique uses high-voltage electrical discharges to break down materials, resulting in efficient separation and minimal environmental impact.
Researchers developed a new method to use rare and expensive catalysts sparingly by encasing precious metal salts in micelles. The process efficiently catalyzes oxygen reduction in fuel cells, outperforming traditional methods.
A Cancer Research UK-funded study found that less chemotherapy is as effective at controlling disease for elderly or frail patients with advanced stomach or oesophagus cancer. The study showed that lower doses of chemotherapy resulted in fewer side effects and improved quality of life.
Researchers are developing longer-acting injectable HIV treatments that target different components of the virus and can be administered once every few weeks. These therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials, with one treatment demonstrating effectiveness for at least a month and high patient satisfaction.
An observational study of over 442,000 pregnancies in Canada found that benzodiazepine use in early pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of miscarriage. The study suggests that physicians should carefully evaluate the risks and benefits of prescribing benzodiazepines in early pregnancy due to alternative treatment options.
Researchers developed a machine-learning approach to distinguish critical markers of Alzheimer's disease using computer-aided analysis. The tool can process large amounts of data quickly and accurately, enabling neuropathologists to analyze thousands of times more samples than before.
Researchers discovered that blocking PHLPP2 enzyme halts prostate cancer growth and metastasis without signs of toxicity in mice or human cells. This finding presents a promising approach for treating prostate cancer and potentially other types of cancers.
Researchers found that investors responded favorably to firms' congressional testimony, particularly those with high regulatory risk and negative tone from committee members. Companies also benefited from their competitors' testimony, albeit to a limited extent.
A UCSF study found that recreational marijuana legalization in Colorado led to a 10% increase in motor vehicle accidents, as well as a 5% increase in alcohol abuse and overdoses. However, it also resulted in a 5% decrease in hospital admissions for chronic pain.
A NYU researcher has won a $100,000 Gates Foundation grant to improve vaccination rates in Pakistan using artificial intelligence and mobile tools. The project aims to develop algorithms to prioritize resources and target efforts more effectively, predicting and providing feedback on optimal locations and times for vaccinations.
A study examining sleep data from a pan-Canadian cohort of 28,485 participants found that chronic insomnia disorder is directly associated with cognitive problems in people aged 45 and over. The main type of memory affected was declarative memory, independent of other factors.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that LGBT employees report worse job experiences, less respect from supervisors, and lower job satisfaction compared to their non-LGBT colleagues. Racial/ethnic minority LGBT respondents also face additional challenges.
A University of Otago study found that acts of civic engagement, such as volunteering and helping a neighbor, buffer people from adversity and promote well-being. These simple acts of kindness not only benefited victims but also strengthened the well-being and resilience of those giving them.
Researchers at HKU Earth Sciences have discovered multi-century-scale abrupt deep-water warming events that likely caused by reduction in deep-water circulation. These deglacial-Holocene dynamics are important for understanding present and future trends in the climatic system, which can impact global ecosystems and society.
Research found thalidomide alters CRBN protein function in neural stem cells, leading to smaller brains and embryonic malformations. Increasing CRBN availability results in larger brains.
Researchers have developed a novel compound that specifically targets the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in cancer cells, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor growth. The compound can be precisely activated by UV irradiation and emits fluorescence, allowing real-time tracking of its activity.
A recent study from Michigan State University suggests that there are more layers to political trust than previously thought. The researchers tested a vulnerability-centered definition of trust and found that three key dimensions - ability, benevolence, and integrity - play a crucial role in shaping public trust in the government.
A new smartphone app has been developed to detect fluid buildup in the middle ear, a common cause of ear infections in children. The app uses machine learning to analyze sound waves and determine the likelihood of fluid presence, showing promise as a quick and non-invasive screening tool.
A new algorithm called DeeProtein uses sensitivity analysis to unravel the secret of its predictions, providing valuable insights into protein functions. This technique enables researchers to identify critical regions in proteins that tolerate changes well or poorly, paving the way for targeted modifications.
A RAND Corporation report outlines how some Asian nations are reforming illicit drug policies, while others adopt harsher approaches. China's role as a focal point in the global supply of fentanyl is also discussed.
Researchers at Lancaster University developed a method to record computer data using magnets and light pulses, reducing energy consumption. The new approach uses ultrashort pulses of light concentrated by special antennas on top of a magnet to switch the orientation of tiny magnets in magnetic hard-drives.
Researchers at The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust developed a liquid biopsy test that detects DNA fragments shed by tumors into the bloodstream. The test identified 74% of patients with early-stage rectal cancer who were at risk of metastatic disease, and those with persistent DNA were more likely to develop metastatic disease.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo created a thermomechanical device to detect terahertz radiation, allowing for sensitive and rapid detection at room temperature. This technology opens up new applications for THz technologies, such as THz cameras.
Graduates can expect to earn nearly £670,000 more over their working life due to SES education. SES research is vital to tackling global health challenges like obesity, diabetes, and cancer.
Researchers at Penn Medicine found that Twitter users with depression and anxiety tend to post less vivid photos with lower aesthetic values, often featuring grayscale images of their faces. The study's lead author noted that this 'flat affect' is characterized by reduced expression and displays of emotion.
A study comparing nearly 42,000 patients who had weight-loss surgery found that those who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass had an increased risk of nonvertebral fractures compared to adjustable gastric banding patients. Over a 3.5-year follow-up, there were 658 nonvertebral fractures reported among RYGB patients.
A study published in Gastroenterology suggests that patients with IBS who have multiple intestinal and brain abnormalities experience more severe symptoms, making combination therapy a potential solution to improve treatment outcomes
A Kiel University team proposes that over-fed bacteria disrupt the human microbiome, leading to disease development. The researchers suggest that an unnatural nutrient supply decouples bacteria from their host organisms, promoting disease growth.
A mindfulness-based smartphone app was found to reduce self-reported daily cigarette consumption and decrease brain reactivity to smoking images in study participants. Those who showed the greatest reduction in cigarette consumption also exhibited decreased brain activity in a region associated with craving.
Researchers have developed a prototype of energy-efficient data storage devices using rapid spin switching technology. The device achieves minimal energy losses and switches between states in just 3 picoseconds, making it promising for compact future computers.
A new intervention developed by Iowa State University researchers significantly improves course evaluation scores for female instructors. The study found that adding language to the evaluation form to mitigate gender bias resulted in a 0.41-point increase in teaching effectiveness ratings, as well as higher overall course evaluations.
A Brown University researcher has developed an algorithm that allows robots to mimic human handwriting and drawing, enabling them to communicate more fluently with humans. The robot can reproduce words and sketches in various languages with high accuracy, making it a significant step towards better communication between people and robots.
Researchers developed a blood test that measures tumor DNA, allowing for early detection of treatment response in patients with stage III or IV melanoma. The study found that the test detected BRAF mutations in 93% of patients before treatment and showed improved survival rates for those whose tumors shrunk after targeted therapy.
Researchers at George Washington University are developing a non-invasive diagnostic tool for newborn brain injury using electroencephalography (EEG). The team, led by Matthew Colonnese, aims to improve the interpretation and understanding of EEG in neonates, both preterm and term.
A University of Idaho study reveals that reproducing results doesn't necessarily mean discovering the truth, highlighting the need for a better understanding of scientific processes. The research found that factors like community diversity and experiment complexity can impact the speed of discovery.
Researchers captured detailed images of infants' skulls and brains before and during delivery using 3D MRI, finding that fetal head molding occurs in all seven infants, with different parts of the skull overlapping. The study suggests that infants experience greater skull stresses during birth than previously thought, potentially under...
By 2060, rural Northeast counties will experience record-breaking heat for three weeks a year, with those in low-income areas most affected. The study finds that vulnerable counties will see a decline in population while the poor population grows, highlighting the need for heat adaptation strategies.
Ex-Tropical Cyclone Ann is moving west into the Gulf of Carpentaria, causing warnings for strong winds and flooding potential. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology issued a Strong Wind Warning and Flood Watch for coastal catchments in Queensland.
Research reveals that pups with high hookworm infection rates spend more time in the water, whereas those with lower rates rest or avoid it. Climate change is thought to be a contributing factor, as warmer ocean temperatures lead to scarce fish supplies, forcing mothers to dedicate more time to searching for food.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed a specialized microscope that can diagnose diseases like skin cancer and perform precise surgery without cutting skin. The technology uses ultrafast infrared lasers to scan tissue quickly and selectively treat diseased structures.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that 77% of patients experienced at least one neurological symptom after CAR-T treatment, which were often temporary. The symptoms included encephalopathy, headache, tremor, weakness, and language dysfunction, with most effects being reversible.
New research reveals that young adults are distressed by labels of narcissism and entitlement, which they believe are negative traits. Emerging adults have negative reactions to these labels, even when applied to their own age group.
A new CDC study cautions that sports whistles used by referees, coaches, and others are a risk factor for hearing loss. The study measured the acoustic signature of 13 whistle brands, finding sound levels between 100-120 decibels, which can exceed safe daily exposure within just a few seconds.
Researchers at the University of Maryland introduced a new way of combining perception and motor commands using hyperdimensional computing theory, which can fundamentally alter AI tasks. This integration enables robots to fuse their perceptions with motor capabilities, creating a more efficient and faster way to complete tasks.
In a recent study, Rockefeller scientists found that skin cells in mice engage in two forms of competition, one during early embryonic development and the other before birth. Loser cells are eliminated by winners, promoting healthy tissue development. Disrupting this process leads to slower skin development and reduced barrier function.
Researchers have discovered that gamma/delta T cells are the specific cells mediating the mouse's defense against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. In a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers identified V gamma 6/Vdelta 4+ gamma/delta T cells as the key players in this response.
A recent study explores the role of microscopic life in shaping the Earth's evolution and its impact on climate change. Microorganisms have been instrumental in creating a hospitable climate for human growth, but their responses to global warming pose significant threats.
Research shows that warming climate alters microbial diversity in alpine streams, with colder streams having less diversity than warmer ones. Icy seeps, insulated by rock glaciers, offer hope as they are less susceptible to climate change and may support cold-adapted species.
A team of researchers from Australia, France, New Zealand, and the UK have discovered a group of brain cells that function as a 'master-controller' for the cardiovascular system. These cells, found in the medulla oblongata, coordinate activity across the cardiovascular system, including blood flow to the heart and blood vessels.
A new study has found that Neanderthals and modern humans diverged at least 800,000 years ago, contradicting previous estimates of around 300,000-500,000 years. The research used dental evolutionary rates to analyze early Neanderthal fossils from Sima de los Huesos, Spain.
Human screams exhibit a wide range of acoustic factors, including high pitch and roughness, which can vary in emotional context. The study's findings suggest that humans may use different-sounding screams in various situations, warranting further investigation into their interpretation.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that 10% of people who rated themselves in excellent health had measurable cardiovascular disease without symptoms. Combining self-reported perceptions with definitive risk tools like coronary artery calcium scans provides a more accurate indication of heart health.
An investigation by The BMJ reveals that 25 Conservative MPs, including several leadership candidates, are connected to an organization part-funded by the tobacco industry. This has raised concerns about public health initiatives being put at risk under a new Tory leadership.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin developed an AI agent that can gather visual information and reconstruct a full 360-degree image of its surroundings. The agent uses deep learning to choose the most informative shots, similar to how humans would take pictures in different directions based on prior experience.
A new surface tension-controlled crystallization method has been developed to prepare large 2D perovskite single crystals, achieving exceptional device performance. The crystals exhibit anisotropy-dependent optoelectronic properties, with high responsivity and external quantum efficiency.
International study finds that as temperatures rise, trees grow faster but die younger, reducing the amount of carbon they store. This phenomenon has significant implications for global carbon cycle dynamics.
Researchers developed a web-based platform to optimize left atrial appendage occluder device therapies for patients with atrial fibrillation and stroke risk. The VIDAA platform combines biophysical models, interactive interfaces, and computational simulations to identify optimal device configurations and positioning strategies.
A recent study analyzing Twitter comments found that ISIS remains successful at inspiring low-level attacks due to its 'call for lone jihad' messaging. The research discovered correlations between media coverage, online conversations, and support levels towards the group.
A new study found that weight loss medications are extremely lowly used among eligible veterans, with only about one percent receiving treatment. Barriers such as insurance coverage, age, and ethnicity drive underuse of these medications, highlighting the need for additional research to better understand obstacles.
A Yale study reveals how cediranib, a cancer drug of limited use, stops certain cancer cells from repairing their DNA to survive. The combination of cediranib with olaparib may deliver a lethal blow in cancers that rely on a specific DNA repair pathway.
A study of ancient fish ponds in Bolivia's seasonal drylands reveals intentional maintenance of fish habitats for food. The discovery supports a permanent human settlement, using ponds to store water and harvest fish year-round.
Researchers developed a system that automatically separates audio from different speakers in a crowded environment and compares these voices to the listener's brainwaves. This allows the voice of the speaker who is the center of the listener's attention to sound louder.
Researchers studied embryonic development to understand how neurons regulate digestive movement. They discovered that intestinal nervous system coordinates muscular contractions and reflexes.
Researchers developed molecules from the immune system of a parasitic sea lamprey that can deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to brain tumors. The matrix-targeting strategy allows drugs to accumulate in the extracellular matrix, sidestepping cell membrane problems and potentially increasing therapeutic doses.
A study by ISGlobal and colleagues found that the RTS,S vaccine's protective effect increases with the strength of antibodies, not just their quantity. Children tend to have better protection due to higher avidity responses.
A Japanese team analyzed sediment cores from Northwestern Australia to understand past climate variability and sea-level change. The results indicate that the global ice sheet changed on a shorter timescale than previously thought, revealing short-period ice-sheet dynamics during the last ice age.
Brazilian researchers developed a software program called Polyploid Gene Assembler (PGA) to map specific portions of plant DNA, saving at least two orders of magnitude compared to mapping the whole genome. The technique uses publicly available data from related grasses to locate genes of interest for plant breeders.
The article focuses on supporting an aging workforce while ensuring patient safety during end-of-career transitions. It emphasizes the need to balance continuity of care with workforce sustainability.
A new clinical pathway at Christiana Care Health System's Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute has shown better health outcomes and lower healthcare costs for cancer patients. The SCOOP pathway, launched in 2016, improved patient experiences by reducing emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and readmissions.
Researchers found that rTMS improved working memory performance in both young and older adults, with the effect most pronounced when participants were actively using the information. The study suggests that brain stimulation may be a viable treatment option for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.
Researchers at IQOQI have developed a new method for quantum simulation that uses a programmable ion trap quantum computer with 20 quantum bits. This allows for complex simulations to be performed efficiently and accurately.
Researchers analyzed large volumes of genomic data to determine better research models to fight breast cancer's spread. They found substantial differences between lab-created cell lines and actual advanced tumor samples, with some cell lines showing little genomic similarities to patient tumor samples.
The team found that the special nickel nucleus (78Ni) is more stable and rigid than other isotopes with similar numbers of neutrons. This discovery challenges current understanding of nuclear physics and has implications for our understanding of matter's origin.
Researchers discovered oldest Scandinavian human DNA in ancient chewing gums, providing a link between material culture and genetics. The study sheds light on the genetic composition of early Mesolithic populations from Scandinavia.
Researchers at Dartmouth College and City University of Hong Kong developed a swimming robot with a light-controlled cellular engine that can perform highly-targeted drug delivery. The biohybrid device transforms its shape when exposed to skin-penetrating near-infrared light, allowing it to drive and brake through fluid environments.
Researchers explored dicamba-resistant kochia populations in fallow fields near Hays, Kansas, and found moderate to high levels of resistance. Spring-applied herbicides provided better extended control, reducing emergence by 85-95% over three-four months.
A study by Lund University researchers shows that blocking the galectin-3 protein reduces Alzheimer's plaque and inflammation in mice. The protein is also involved in Parkinson's disease and stroke inflammation. Inhibiting galectin-3 with inhibitors can reduce its effects, offering potential treatment avenues.
The Chang'E 4 mission has collected new evidence from the largest crater in the solar system, shedding light on the moon's composition and evolution. The findings suggest that the lunar mantle may consist of equal parts olivine and pyroxene, contradicting previous theories.
Researchers found speakers with voice disorders showed a tenfold increase in speech intelligibility errors compared to healthy speakers. Listeners also struggled with understanding words, especially those with 'breathiness' quality in their voices.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new surface treatment that can improve the efficiency of refrigeration systems. By promoting droplet formation, the coating facilitates heat transfer, leading to an overall efficiency improvement of about 2%. The process is scalable and can be applied to various materials, making it a promising solut...
The use of embodied AI in psychiatry raises concerns about access, effectiveness, and social effects. While AI applications have enormous potential, urgent action is needed to establish guidelines and regulations.
Researchers studied how egg cells in fruit flies choose the healthiest mitochondria to pass on. They found that mitochondrial selection is triggered by a drop in Mitofusin levels, allowing for the elimination of faulty mitochondria.
A new study found that first-time fathers feel closer to their mothers as co-parents and romantic partners when they believe they have her confidence in child care. The researchers used data from the New Parents Project, which investigated how dual-earner couples adjust to becoming parents for the first time.
Researchers from Texas A&M University have developed a biomimetic whistle that uses bat's natural echolocation to deter bats from flying into wind turbine blades. The device, mounted on turbine blades, produces an ultrasonic sound detectable by bats at distances of up to 100 meters.
A new study reveals that bumblebees' dietary needs are crucial for their development and the production of favorite foods like tomatoes, blueberries, and strawberries. The loss of plant diversity can lead to developmental delays and stress on queens, ultimately affecting colony growth.
New research reveals distinct features of membrane channels in skeletal and heart muscle cells, shedding light on the mechanisms behind inherited arrhythmias and providing a promising avenue for targeted drug development. The study also highlights the vital role of phosphatidylethanolamine in mitochondrial energy production.
At SAEM 2019, experts like Rebecca Cunningham emphasized the need for gun safety beyond 'gun control', focusing on injury prevention. Meanwhile, a study found opportunities to reduce over-testing in emergency departments through data analysis and targeted quality improvement initiatives.
Researchers have developed artificial molecules that selectively target abnormal vascular smooth muscle cells without affecting endothelial cells. This could lead to new, safer stent treatments.
Geoscientists have found evidence that material from the transition zone in Earth's mantle can percolate to the surface to form volcanoes. This discovery provides a new understanding of the relationship between the transition zone and volcanism, with implications for global geodynamics and the evolution of our planet.
Researchers used machine learning to predict mechanical properties of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), which could be used for water extraction, gas storage, and hydrogen fuel cells. The results enable faster material characterization and design at the molecular scale.
A Rutgers-led study found that the massive Laki volcano eruption in Iceland did not lead to an extreme summer heat wave in Europe. Instead, it caused unusually cold winters due to natural climate variability and high-pressure systems. The eruption also had devastating effects on Iceland's livestock and human populations.
A new study reveals striking variation in HIV prevalence across African countries, with some areas experiencing over a 5-fold difference in numbers of people infected. The study's findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address persistent high infection rates in sub-Saharan Africa.
The study found that over 20 million babies were born with a low birthweight (less than 2500g) in 2015, with almost three-quarters of these babies born in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The authors call for immediate action to tackle underlying causes of low birthweight and ensure clinical care for small babies.
Researchers evaluated 67 fitness apps on iOS and Android to assess their suitability for improving physical activity in cancer survivors. A fifth of the apps contained content suitable for people affected by cancer, focusing on aerobic-based activities with goal setting, monitoring, and feedback features.
BCL-2 protein deregulation and transcriptional reprogramming contribute to Venetoclax resistance; researchers suggest targeting CDK7 as effective strategy to prevent resistance. Studies provide insights into drug resistance mechanism in B-cell lymphomas, paving way for potential co-treatment strategies.
Researchers found widespread inconsistencies in antibody use, causing unreliable results and wasting $2 billion per year. They call for industry-wide standards to validate antibodies, especially in human tissue research.
Researchers tested natural and synthetic acoustic stimuli to determine their effectiveness in deterring bald eagles from flying into wind turbines. The study found that eagles were more responsive to natural calls than synthetic sounds, particularly a 'crow mobbing' signal.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that captive chimpanzees can spontaneously use tools to excavate underground food without prior experience. The chimps chose to use tools over bare hands and even reused them, similar to early human tool use.