Scientists have developed a new genetic tool called iSuRe-Cre that provides certainty in Cre-inducible genetic modifications. This innovation increases the efficiency and reliability of gene function analysis in mice, allowing for precise investigation of gene role during organ development, physiology, and disease.
Researchers at Osaka University created a new process for producing palladium nanoparticles that enhance hydrogen sensing sensitivity. The new method uses piezoelectric resonance to optimize deposition time, leading to devices that may be vital to the transition to a hydrogen energy ecosystem.
A global study of 1,284 adolescents aged 10-14 in low-income urban settings found that boys are more likely to report physical neglect, sexual abuse, and violence victimization. The study suggests that addressing childhood adversity and intervening earlier can help prevent adolescent violence and depression.
Researchers Thomas L. Marzetta and Elza Erkip received the 2019 Fred W. Ellersick Prize and Best Tutorial Paper Award, respectively, for their contributions to Massive MIMO and energy harvesting in wireless communications. Their work aims to elucidate fundamental possibilities rather than practical solutions within today's technology f...
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed an artificial process that converts carbon dioxide into fuel using visible light and electron-rich gold nanoparticles. The new process produces complex, liquefiable hydrocarbons from excess CO2 and sunlight, paving the way for green energy technology.
Researchers at Pitt and CMU aim to develop AI-powered robotic suits that can treat and stabilize soldiers in the field, extending the 'golden hour' for medical evacuations. The project uses real-world data and medical algorithms to guide critical care interventions.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology investigated photogenerated coherent phonons in GaAs using ultrafast dual pump-probe laser for quantum interferometry. They found that impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) dominates phonon generation, with ISRS causing zapping of vibrations in the solid lattice.
A national Taiwanese health database study found people with bipolar disorder were nearly seven times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease as those without the condition. The risk was higher for those hospitalized more frequently, developing the disease at a younger age.
Researchers have created a novel material that harnesses water to deliver force and motion, revolutionizing the development of soft robots. This new material is made from spores and adhesives, providing an alternative to traditional materials used in hard actuators.
A study found that parental use of prescription opioids was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts by children. The observational study, which included over 184,000 children, also controlled for other factors such as age and mental health diagnoses.
Over the past decade, US air pollution has led to a decline in mortality impacts from fine particle (PM2.5) pollution, but ground-level ozone (O3) pollution has remained relatively unchanged. This report estimates health impacts of air pollution for every US city and highlights the need for continued efforts to reduce these pollutants.
Researchers tracked outcomes from 537 people with brain haemorrhage while taking antiplatelet medicines, finding fewer recurrences compared to those who didn't take these treatments. The study suggests treatments may reduce rather than increase risk of further bleeding in the brain.
Scientists have pioneered a new genomic methodology to identify and map bacterial species on the International Space Station, aiming to safeguard astronauts' health. The approach has applications in environmental management and healthcare, and will enable researchers to explore new microbiome environments.
Depression and mental health problems are spreading through close social networks, with traditional face-to-face contacts unraveling. Experts advocate for 'social prescribing' to engage patients in positive activities within their networks to combat rising suicide rates.
Researchers from QUT and Edith Cowan University published new exercise guidelines that recommend a personalized approach to exercise prescription. The guidelines suggest moderate to high intensity exercise, but emphasize the importance of tailoring the program to individual patient needs and priorities.
The 2019 Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellows are announced, supporting innovative research in areas of importance to the DoD. The fellows will receive up to $3 million over five years to pursue their research.
A new study by an international team of scientists identified a significant increase in CFC-11 emissions in eastern China since 2013, posing a threat to the recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer. The findings suggest that new production of CFC-11 has taken place in the region, primarily for building insulation and refrigerators.
A new numerical model suggests that plankton biomass controls the carbon cycle in the ocean, leading to a self-sustained 40k yr climate cycle. This finding challenges the standard theory of climate change driven by solar radiation and orbital forcing.
A new study found that black men with low-risk prostate cancer are 16% less likely to adopt active surveillance than non-black men, despite similar rates of overall active surveillance. The disparity is attributed to socioeconomic and insurance barriers that deter black patients from accessing follow-up care.
Research by Medical University of South Carolina investigators reveals genetic variations in fetal heart valve cells can cause mitral valve prolapse later in life. The study found that defects in primary cilia contribute to the disease, which can be present early but remains benign until decades later.
Researchers have created a method to track gene expression in cells during development, providing unprecedented detail. This technique could be used to develop future regenerative treatments for diseases like macular degeneration and other neurological disorders.
Research suggests that closed ICUs with primary ICU responsibility may lower hospital-acquired infection rates. Central line-associated blood stream infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and ventilator-acquired pneumonia were reduced after the transition from open to closed ICU.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze jaw movements during sleep, providing information about respiratory effort and offering a cost-effective alternative to polysomnography. This method has the potential to diagnose mild to severe obstructive sleep apnea at home with high accuracy.
A new study found that IVUS-guided drug-eluting stent implantation significantly reduces target vessel failure and improves quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients. The treatment approach was compared to traditionally used angiography-guidance, showing better outcomes at the 12-month mark.
Researchers describe an effective, unbiased method for choosing the best algorithm for prioritizing GWAS results, called Benchmarker. Combining multiple strategies often gives the best results and certain algorithms perform best when looking for genes for specific traits.
A study found that UK heart failure patients receive suboptimal care, with gaps in screening, follow-up, and medication doses disproportionately affecting women and older individuals. The study suggests improvements are needed in health services design to support high-quality care.
Researchers found retinal vascular tortuosity, a microvascular abnormality, is associated with PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling. The study suggests the eye may provide valuable information about pulmonary circulation health.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have made a significant discovery regarding tumor dormancy, a state of inactivity that allows cancer cells to evade detection and recurrence. By targeting senescent cells, they hope to develop novel therapeutics that can eliminate dormant tumor cells and prevent disease recurrence.
A pilot program focusing on positive expressions of masculinity improved middle school boys' attitudes toward relationship violence, reducing beliefs that coercion and violence are acceptable. The 'Reducing Sexism and Violence Program - Middle School Program' also taught empathy, healthy relationships and bystander intervention skills.
Scientists uncover how light influences insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis, shedding light on the circadian rhythms' impact on diabetes. The study suggests that taking into account time of day can help patients better manage their treatment and reduce risks associated with daily insulin injections.
A team developed an integrative model of the transcription preinitiation complex (PIC) using IBM's Summit system. The new model provides superior insights into protein structures and dynamics, revealing how mutations cause genetic diseases.
According to a study published in JAMA, only half of children and adolescents in the US have ideal cholesterol levels, with 25% having clinically high levels. High cholesterol in childhood is a key risk factor for developing heart disease later in life.
A team of researchers from the University of Manchester has made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of paleontology, revealing colorful pigments from ancient mouse remains. The study used X-ray imaging to analyze fossils over 3 million years old, unlocking secrets about key pigments and their evolution.
A NEOMED researcher has designed a therapeutic intervention to help preterm infants suck, swallow and breathe. The study uses an animal model to measure feeding and breathing coordination in newborns, with the goal of developing a rehabilitation strategy for preterm infants.
Researchers have discovered powdery mildew on phasey beans in Florida, a species native to tropical Americas. The fungus, Erysiphe fallax, also infects papaya, which could lead to significant financial losses for the industry if left unmanaged.
Nearly one in 10 young adults who had a heart attack met the clinical definition for familial hypercholesterolemia. Many patients continued having elevated cholesterol levels a year after their heart attack, highlighting opportunities for more aggressive treatment.
A new device forces cells through tiny channels, detecting blebbing in cancer cells to identify metastatic prostate cancer. Highly metastatic cells exhibit more blebbing than normal or less-metastatic cells.
A new study of UK lake sediment records has found that recent floods in Northern England were the largest in 600 years, highlighting the impact of climate changes. The research uses lake sediment records and river flow data to establish long-term flood frequency models, aiming to improve flood risk management in the UK.
Physicists from the University of Belgrade have found a way to manipulate superthin layers of graphene to create new artificial materials with enhanced properties. Applying tensile biaxial strain increases the critical temperature, making high-temperature superconductivity easier to achieve.
A new study suggests that physical exercise can alleviate patient symptoms of anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia, potentially reducing time spent in acute facilities. Practitioners are now considering exercise as a fundamental treatment option, alongside pharmacological interventions.
A new podcast examines the misuse of statistical significance and p-values, leading to a call for embracing uncertainty in research. Dr. Ron Wasserstein discusses his research on the topic and the creation of a framework outlining how p-values should be used.
A multi-center clinical trial found that performing an additional surgical procedure called lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) can improve patient outcomes in young athletes. The study showed a 65% relative risk reduction for graft failure, suggesting patients under 25 may benefit from considering the LET procedure
A highly accurate test for canine lymphoma diagnosis has been developed by Ethos Veterinary Health and TGen, with a accuracy rate of over 90% among various sample types. The study's findings suggest the need for methodological consistency and transparency in veterinary diagnostic testing.
A novel therapeutic approach occluding the superior vena cava shows promise in reducing pressure and volume in heart failure patients. The treatment improves cardiac filling pressures and function without affecting systemic blood pressure or output.
A new study reveals that specific brain regions, including executive function areas and sensory monitoring zones, moderate both depressive mood and physical pain. The research found that individuals with higher levels of depressive mood exhibited increased sensitivity to pain and heightened activation in these brain regions.
A pilot study led by Dr. Stephanie McGrath found that 89% of dogs who received CBD had a reduction in seizure frequency. The research suggests a correlation between CBD concentration and seizure reduction, leading to potential alternative treatments for canine epilepsy.
A new study found that extreme draining of Fall Creek Reservoir in Oregon aided juvenile chinook salmon downstream migration and led to the elimination of invasive largemouth bass and crappie. The reservoir's natural river-like conditions promoted a native species-dominated ecosystem.
Researchers used optical illusions to study human vision and found rhythmic brain activity patterns that facilitate visual feature integration. The findings suggest that periodic waves of brain activity are necessary for both perception and attention, contradicting the classical view of unified perception relying on a single brain region.
Researchers studied African penguins' responses to changes in local fish abundance, finding that penguins' foraging behavior and chick body condition are directly linked to fish availability. The study suggests that penguins could be key indicators of local ecosystem health, informing fisheries management and conservation efforts.
A recent study by Donna Wilson reveals that 48-91% of older adults experience ageism, while 50-98% of younger people admit to discriminatory thoughts or behaviors. The research highlights the need for more comprehensive surveys and anti-ageism legislation to address this pressing issue.
A new study found that blind adults develop rich insights into animal appearance by inferring from biological classifications and linguistic communication. Blind participants organized animals similarly to sighted ones in shape and texture groups, but disagreed on color groups.
Researchers at Syracuse University and international team discover evidence of abundant ammonium in pre-GOE oceans, providing a nutrient-rich environment for early life. This finding sheds light on the critical importance of nitrogen and phosphorus in Earth's history.
A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that CBD significantly reduced craving and anxiety induced by drug cues in individuals with heroin use disorder. The study also revealed that CBD tended to reduce physiological measures of stress reactivity, such as increased heart rate and cortisol levels.
The Johns Hopkins researchers advocate for a 'digital health scorecard' to provide objective validation and ratings for health technology solutions. They aim to address the lack of rigor in evaluating health care technology, which often prioritizes speed over safety and clinical effectiveness.
Researchers developed a non-addictive painkiller that accelerates recovery time and prevents relapse to chronic pain. The new opioid, ZH853, outperforms morphine in treating pain while diminishing inflammation and reducing recovery time.
Researchers are conducting a six-year study to investigate the factors contributing to poor health in rural communities. The study will recruit 4,000 participants from 10 rural counties and collect data on lifestyle, behavioral factors, medical history, and environmental elements.
A study published in Experimental Physiology found that short-sleepers have lower blood levels of three microRNAs, which influence gene expression and maintain vascular health. This could lead to new tests for sleep-deprived patients concerned about their health.
New research found women are less likely to receive resuscitation attempts by bystanders and have lower survival rates from cardiac arrest, largely due to misdiagnosis of symptoms. Women are also less likely to be diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction or undergo life-saving treatments.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism that accelerates aging in the brain and gives rise to the most devastating biological features of Alzheimer's disease. This finding unifies three long-standing theories behind the disease's origins into one cohesive narrative.
A 30-day Ramadan fast has shown promising implications for timing and duration between meals, increasing proteins that play a crucial role in improving insulin resistance. The study suggests dawn-to-sunset fasting could provide a cost-effective intervention for those struggling with obesity-related conditions.