Researchers at UTHealth found significant underrepresentation of women among neurology conference presenters and abstract authors. Despite racial disparities, the studies suggest a positive trend in increasing female participation in future years. Strong faculty mentors play a crucial role in supporting women's careers in neuroscience.
The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has discovered over 1,100 supernovae, two black holes, and 50 near-Earth asteroids since its operations began in March 2018. The facility is also conducting a systematic study of transients in galaxy nuclei, aiming to catch stars being ripped apart by supermassive black holes.
Moritz Lang and Mikhail Shkonikov from IST Austria have discovered a new property of the Abelian sandpile model, showing that it can exhibit dynamics similar to those of real-world sand dunes. The researchers used a specific method to add sand grains to the model, which induced self-similar fractal patterns reminiscent of the Mandelbro...
A new study by LSU researchers found that nearly 25% of homicides in Baton Rouge occur within 3% of the city's area, often near blighted buildings and convenience stores. The study uses risk terrain modeling to identify areas with high crime rates and suggests ways to combat crime through community safety.
Spotted lanternflies modify their diet and coloration to become distasteful and signal this to predators. The insects accumulate specific chemicals from tree juices, making them toxic to birds, which learn to avoid them based on their bright colors.
Researchers have developed an innovative treatment using uterine stem cell conditioned medium, showing antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida albicans. This breakthrough opens up a new window of hope for treating vaginal candidiasis and its chronic carriers.
Researchers found that exercise increases brain levels of irisin, a hormone linked to improved memory and reduced Alzheimer's risk. Studies in mice suggest that irisin can protect the brain from age-related cognitive decline and may even help prevent or treat dementia.
The European Society of Cardiology's Acute Cardiovascular Care Congress explores the best ways to save lives from heart attacks and cardiac arrests. Gender differences and stress management are also key topics discussed by leading specialists.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a new approach to scheduling generators, addressing previous issues with cost minimization and reliability. The method uses timeslots to optimize individual periods in real-time, ensuring feasible solutions without power surplus or shortage.
Researchers at Kobe University found that vitamin D signaling fuels the growth of macrophages in bone marrow, leading to myelofibrosis and bone hardening. A low-vitamin D diet can prevent or treat the condition.
Researchers at UC Riverside and University of Washington have successfully imaged edge conduction in monolayer tungsten ditelluride, a 2D topological insulator. This discovery could lead to the development of more efficient electronic devices by exploiting this unique property.
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a porous material that turns yellow to reddish-brown when exposed to acid vapor, returning to its original color upon removal. The material's stability is remarkable, maintaining its structure at high temperatures and resisting common organic solvents.
New data reveals a distinct Zealandia-Antarctic mantle domain, formed by deep mantle upwelling and volcanism after Gondwana breakup. The Australian-Antarctic Ridge has isotopic compositions unique to this newly defined domain.
Poppies' colorful petals contain high concentrations of pigment, which causes efficient scattering of light. The unique shape of the pigmented cells creates air-filled gaps that reflect light on the cell/air boundary, resulting in striking colors.
Scientists at Rice University have developed a new method to create porous envelopes around light-powered aluminum nanocatalysts using pseudomorphic replacement. This process enables the creation of greener catalysts that use solar energy and are made from abundant metals, reducing energy burden and environmental impact. The study demo...
A recent study on the treatment of brain bleeds found that a drug called deferoxamine improved recovery and neurological function in patients who received intermediate doses of the medication. However, the primary results showed no significant improvement at three months after the bleeding event, but some benefits were observed at six ...
By employing high-performance computing, researchers have developed new models for fine-scale turbulence data that can be used to inform large-eddy simulations, bringing accurate jet spray simulations to a commercial level. This advancement aims to improve fuel injection efficiency and spraying accuracy in various industrial processes.
Research by De Rybel (VIB-UGent) and Helariutta (SLCU) reveals that DOF-type transcription factors control plant radial growth, enabling targeted breeding for higher biomass production. This understanding can improve atmospheric carbon sequestration and increase crop yields.
Researchers analyzed gene expression profiles of P. vivax malaria patients to understand transmission and treatment response. The study revealed complex transmission dynamics and differences in how the parasite responds to chloroquine treatment.
Researchers use a novel database on the neutrophil proteome to make genetic diagnoses for two children with severe congenital neutropenia whom typical sequencing had failed. The technique combines proteomic and genomic screening, which shows huge potential for personalized medicine at low cost.
A UCI-led study found that circulating blood cells play a crucial role in scar-free skin healing by assisting wounded skin repair. The research discovered diverse wound fibroblast sub-types, with some having molecular signatures of originating from blood cells.
Researchers at OHSU discovered a gene linked to lower expression in primates who consumed heavy amounts of alcohol, which reduced consumption by almost 50% when increased in mice. The study highlights a novel target for treating alcoholism and mood disorders.
Harvard scientists develop a framework explaining how bees use environmental signals to collectively cluster and ventilate their hive. They found that individual bees respond to temperature variations, and the physics of fluid flow leads to efficient cooling solutions.
Tropical Cyclone Funani's strongest rains wrapped around the center and extended northwest, with heaviest rainfall found around the center and a fragmented band of thunderstorms northwest. Rainfall rates reached up to 13 mm per hour, as the storm continued to move southeast towards Mauritius.
Researchers have developed micromachines that can mechanically stimulate cells and microtissues, potentially preventing diseases. These gummy-like robots use cell-sized artificial muscles powered by laser beams to carry out complex tasks.
Nearly half of adults aged 65 and older have two or more symptoms like pain, fatigue & depression, increasing the risk of negative health outcomes. Researchers urge improved training among healthcare workers to address symptom burden in older adults.
Researchers have identified at least four different types of scar tissue in human pancreatic cancer, each influencing the disease in a unique way. This discovery may lead to tailor-made treatments, including immunotherapies, that target the powerful scar tissue wall protecting the cancer.
A study from Duke Health researchers reveals that MRI cardiac stress testing can predict mortality and diagnose coronary artery disease more effectively than existing methods. The non-invasive technology has potential as an alternative to stress echocardiograms, catheterizations, and nuclear exams.
Prof Dave Richardson from Stellenbosch University has received the Kwame Nkrumah Award for Scientific Excellence, recognizing his significant contributions to the field of invasion biology. The award acknowledges his research on biological invasions and their impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in Africa.
A study by University of California, Riverside researchers found that colleges and hospitals increase home prices, with average prices higher in ZIP codes with universities than without. The impact of distance from these institutions also varies, with stronger correlations for two-bedroom homes and one-bedroom rents.
Researchers used cryo-force spectroscopy to study DNA elasticity and binding forces at low temperatures. The study reveals that DNA behaves as a chain of small coil springs, with the spring constant determined for individual components.
The eight largest countries account for 50 percent of Earth's land area but barely three percent of nations. Larger countries accumulate more ecosystem values, concentrating power in a few hands, and their domestic policies can have global environmental repercussions.
Researchers discovered that gliotoxin, a mycotoxin from Aspergillus fumigatus, inhibits the production of leukotrieneB4 in neutrophilic granulocytes, disrupting communication between immune cells. This allows fungal spores to infiltrate tissues and organs, posing a fatal threat to people with weakened immune systems.
Dr. Feldman was awarded the Distinguished Scientist Award-Basic Domain by the American College of Cardiology in recognition of his major scientific contributions to cardiovascular disease research. He has made significant advancements in molecular biology of dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
Researchers discovered that fluconazole treatment makes fungi sexually active, combining different resistance mechanisms and producing highly resistant offspring. This finding can help develop better drugs and overcome resistance.
Researchers from Aarhus University discovered that insects leave tiny DNA traces on flowers they visit, revealing at least 135 different species of butterflies and insects. This eDNA method holds vast potential for tracking endangered pollinators and managing unwanted pest species.
Researchers Profs. Sonia Kang and Sarah Kaplan offer five solutions to address structural and systemic barriers to advancing women in science, medicine and global health. The authors challenge common myths about diversity and inclusion and propose innovative interventions to create a more inclusive environment.
The Baltic Sea is home to large quantities of sunken munitions, posing an environmental risk. Researchers have provided guidelines and decision-making support to help address this issue.
A team of researchers from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München conducted a study on human perception and behavior towards robots. They found that when robots are humanized through anthropomorphic features, participants are less likely to sacrifice them to save human lives.
A new UCLA-led study shows that men with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer can safely undergo higher doses of radiation over a significantly shorter period and still have the same successful outcomes as from a much longer course of treatment. The study analyzed data from 2,142 men treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy for...
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet develop new approach to targeted cancer treatment using Class Frizzled receptors, potentially effective against rectal and lung cancers. The study reveals molecular details of receptor activation and pathway selection.
Elisabeth Gwinn, a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, has been awarded the 2019 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for her significant impact on promoting diversity and inclusion in physics. Her mentorship has led to a disproportionate number of women and underrepresented minority students pursuing Ph.D.s in physics.
A study reveals that 1 in 3 complementary medicine users do not disclose their CM use to medical providers. This can lead to unsafe concurrent use and harm due to adverse effects. The researchers emphasize the importance of disclosure for patient management and care.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that higher sodium intake increases lightheadedness in the DASH-Sodium trial, challenging traditional guidelines. The study's findings suggest that concerns about reducing sodium causing lightheadedness may not be scientifically based.
Conversations are fundamental to relationships, but people often feel anxious about them. Researchers found that people tend to rank their ability to have a conversation low, but this is not as bad as it seems. In fact, people are very forgiving in conversations and can enjoy talking to strangers.
A new method developed by Northwestern Engineering's Manijeh Razeghi has greatly reduced image distortion caused by spectral cross-talk in dual-band photodetectors. This work enables high spectral-contrast infrared imaging devices for various applications, including medicine and security.
Phillip Shaver, a renowned psychologist at UC Davis, has received the Society for Personality and Social Psychology's Legacy Award for his pioneering work on attachment theory. His research has significantly expanded our understanding of human bonding and relationships.
Archaeologists used a portable X-ray fluorescence detector to analyze ceramic pieces from the Java Sea Shipwreck, pinning their origins to specific kiln sites in southeastern China. The findings reveal complex trade networks between Asia and Africa in the 12th and 13th centuries, challenging traditional Eurocentric views of globalization.
Researchers at Aalto University have successfully controlled quantum phenomena in a custom-designed electrical circuit called a transmon. They were able to make the transmon jump multiple energy levels in one go, achieving speeds close to the theoretically calculated quantum speed limit.
A new study reveals that sea snakes in dry regions rely on freshwater lenses formed on the ocean's surface to quench their thirst. Researchers found that only a portion of the captured snakes accepted the offered freshwater after rainfall began.
A randomized, assessor-blinded trial found that home-based telerehabilitation is as effective as clinic-based therapy in restoring arm function among stroke survivors. The study used a computer-based telerehabilitation system with game-ified activities and therapists using videoconferencing to assess progress.
A new study by Tel Aviv University researchers suggests that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields from lightning, known as Schumann Resonances, may protect cells from damage under stress conditions. The study found significant effects on living heart cells of rats within 30-40 minutes when exposed to these fields.
Scientists have created a human cell-based model to study the initiation and progression of small cell lung cancer, identifying critical tumor suppressor genes. The new model allows researchers to study the disease at different stages, enabling further studies on treatment strategies.
A recent study of nearly 21,000 US Army soldiers deployed to Afghanistan or Iraq found that those with higher levels of optimism before deployment were less likely to report new pain after deployment. Higher optimism was linked to a lower likelihood of reporting new back pain, joint pain, and frequent headaches.
Long-term MDMA users display increased empathy and better emotional understanding than those using other drugs, challenging previous suggestions of heightened social distress.
A Vanderbilt University study found that women's hormonal cycles play a critical role in drug addiction and relapse. When fertility-related hormone levels are high, females are more prone to seek rewards and make stronger associations with environmental cues, leading to higher relapse rates.
Researchers found that female crickets choose males who lost fights over alpha males for mating. In a study using the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, females preferred males with lower aggression levels during courtship.
A new definition for the Northeast Indian Monsoon (NEM) season has been established using surface temperature analyses, identifying the average onset and demise dates as November 6 and March 13. This definition provides a more objective and reliable approach to monitoring the monsoon season, which is critical for millions of people in ...
Researchers found that adolescent adenoids and tonsils do not shrink significantly during teenage years, contradicting previous medical consensus. This challenges existing guidelines for respiratory complications like obstructive sleep apnea, potentially leading to changes in surgical procedures.
A Rutgers-led team has discovered two genes that make some strains of Staphyloccocus aureus resistant to treatment by copper. The discovery may open new paths for the development of antibacterial drugs and could lead to higher resistance to antibiotics.
A study published in Nature Communications found that the 2008 recession was associated with a greater decline in mortality rates in Europe. The researchers analyzed data from 15 European countries and found that periods of economic recession were linked to lower levels of pollution, fewer accidents, and sedentary lifestyles.
New research reveals that neurons in the brain's somatosensory cortex respond differently to various features of a surface, creating a high-dimensional representation of texture. This complex neural landscape allows for the rich sensation of texture, enabling us to distinguish between subtle differences.
The study highlights the importance of riverside corridors in helping animals navigate a changing climate, with the Northwest's mountainous regions emerging as critical habitats. Riparian areas along rivers and streams will become vital 'superhighways' for wildlife seeking refuge from warmer or drier conditions.
Lilia Cortina and Vicki Magley have been honored with the Raymond A. Katzell Award for their work in addressing sexual harassment in the workplace and promoting human well-being through I-O psychology. Their research has garnered significant media coverage, including major news outlets and scientific publications.
Tropical Cyclone Gelena's coldest cloud top temperatures were recorded in the northwestern quadrant, indicating high rain-generating clouds. Maximum sustained winds near 105 knots (121 mph) are forecast to strengthen and then weaken within 24 hours.
Rice University scientists have developed a novel method to incorporate nitrogen into molecules, bypassing traditional multi-step processes. This breakthrough enables the quick and efficient production of valuable alpha-aminoketones, which are crucial for drug design and synthesis.
Research from the University of Bristol found that mothers with an internal locus of control before their child was born were more likely to have a child who excelled in math and science. These internally focused mothers also provided better nutrition, read to their children more frequently, and showed interest in their homework.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has introduced a new policy that eliminates arbitrary age limits in research, promoting inclusivity across the lifespan. This change aims to improve care for older adults by reducing exclusions and enhancing data analysis.
Japanese scientists confirm the role of radiation belt electrons in ionizing the deep atmosphere during auroral breakups. The research provides new insights into the phenomenon, revealing a higher energy level than previously assumed.
A recent study by Arizona State University and DePaul University found that there are only four well-established mental health interventions for ethnic minority youth in the US, addressing issues like anxiety, disruptive behaviors, substance use, and trauma. Cognitive behavioral interventions were effective for Hispanic and Latino yout...
A team of researchers at UConn and ExxonMobil have discovered a new, more energy-efficient method for producing acrylics. The technique uses a porous catalyst made of manganese and oxygen to facilitate chemical reactions, resulting in reduced energy consumption and fewer unwanted byproducts.
The study, published in JAMA Network Open, demonstrates that an individualized approach to diet considering a person's unique gut microbiome is more accurate in predicting blood glucose response to food. The research found that this approach was superior to traditional models based on carbohydrates or calories.
Researchers discovered a novel phenomenon that corrects wavelength splitting in quantum dot lasers, improving their efficiency. This breakthrough has significant implications for optics and photonics research, including the development of light-based micro-chips.
Researchers from University of Barcelona analyzed Hepatitis A virus variants that can escape the effects of the vaccine. They recommend giving two doses and additional booster shots to prevent the emergence of these variants.
A new study published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society found that Puerto Rican children were more than five times as likely as Mexican American children to have poor adherence to asthma control medications. Girls of both ethnic groups were also more likely to have poor or decreasing use of the medications.
Researchers have developed a new imaging and platelet targeting chemotherapy agent for early detection and treatment of cancers. The approach holds promise for diagnosing and treating tumors without major side effects.
Researchers at Mount Sinai found that dengue virus infection can enhance the severity of Zika virus infection during pregnancy, leading to increased placental damage, fetal growth restriction, and fetal resorption. This mechanism may explain the high rate of microcephaly and birth defects observed in recent Zika outbreaks.