Researchers found ultrasound of the calcaneus to be equal to DXA data in assessing bone health, paving the way for widespread use of low-cost screenings for populations at risk. The findings support preventive lifestyle changes as the best approach to improving bone health and reducing osteoporosis risk.
A survey of Colorado home health care clinicians found that 60% lacked adequate information from hospitals to guide patient treatment. The study highlights major gaps in communication between hospital and home health staff, which can result in medication errors and other serious consequences.
A new study by NYU researchers found that having a well-rounded ending marks a positive transition from one stage of life to the next. This means feeling closure and completing all loose ends, leading to less regret and happier future entries.
Researchers created quantum-correlated pairs made up of one visible and one near-infrared photon, combining the best of both worlds. This breakthrough promises to boost light-based circuits' ability to securely transmit information over long distances.
Researchers have long debated the causes of Angkor's demise, but new evidence suggests that land use declined gradually over 100 years before the supposed collapse. The study shows that forest disturbance and soil erosion decreased, and the moat was eventually covered in floating vegetation, indicating a lack of maintenance.
Research found that long working hours, particularly 55+ hours a week and/or weekends, are associated with increased depressive symptoms in women. Women in male-dominated occupations often work longer hours, while those in low-paid service sector jobs tend to work weekends, both linked to depression.
The study predicts that WFIRST will find about 100 of those not-yet-discovered planets could have the same or lower mass as Earth. The telescope will map the Milky Way and other galaxies 100 times faster than Hubble Space Telescope, scanning a small piece of the universe with high resolution.
A new study found that many commercial cell lines used for laboratory studies are mislabeled as minority ancestry, leading to a lack of diversity and hindering the development of precision medicine for underrepresented populations. Researchers call for more diverse biospecimens to be used in scientific investigations.
A new computer model reveals accelerating biological changes in the global ocean, which can redistribute ocean communities and species worldwide. The model predicts these changes one year in advance, enabling identification of regions overlooked by current field observation programs.
The researchers observed an unusual quantum Hall effect in bulk graphite, which is typically only possible in two-dimensional systems. The material behaves differently depending on whether it contains odd or even number of graphene layers, with surprising results persisting for hundreds of layers thick.
A collaborative study improves understanding of ALS by identifying a key role for ubiquilin proteins in regulating cellular waste. The researchers found that mutated ubiquilins fail to regulate lysosomes, leading to excess waste buildup and disease development.
Researchers at the Advanced Science Research Center discovered a unique protein sensing and signaling process in bacteria Erythrobacter litoralis that responds to blue light. This finding could help develop new drugs targeting related signaling processes in pathogenic bacteria.
Research led by Dr. Karen A. Robbins found that mothers whose infants had suspected food allergies reported breastfeeding them for significantly longer periods, with an average of 45.8 weeks compared to 32 weeks for those without concerns. This suggests a potential link between breastfeeding duration and the development of allergies.
A study on a desert snake reveals that passive mechanics play a crucial role in its movement, allowing it to navigate complex terrain without altering its self-deformation pattern. This finding has implications for the design of limbless robots, which could improve their mobility in challenging environments.
Deforestation affects lizard populations differently in highlands compared to lowlands, with some highland species facing extinction due to the lack of suitable habitat. The study provides insights into the consequences of climate change and human land-use on biodiversity.
A €2.5M research project aims to enable European university researchers to translate their research outcomes into market-ready products and services. The OpenInnoTrain project connects European and Australian research centers through scientific exchanges, workshops, and hackathons.
A new study published in eNeuro found that Ritalin had no impact on neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex of monkeys. The researchers observed improved performance in attention tasks at higher doses, but not in brain activity.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics reveals the intricate evolutionary history of cultivated strawberries, which originated from the hybridization of four diploid species native to Europe, Asia, and North America. The octoploid strawberry genome analysis has identified genes controlling fruit quality traits and disease resistan...
Scientists have successfully generated and controlled extremely short-wavelength spin waves, a promising alternative to traditional electronic data processing. The discovery could enable the development of more compact microchips with reduced energy consumption.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed an intelligent-injector for tissue-targeting (i2T2) that detects changes in resistance to deliver medication safely and effectively. The device was tested on animal models and found to precisely deliver medication without overshoot injuries.
Researchers outline a targeted therapeutic strategy to treat triple-negative breast cancer using POLR2A gene targeting. The proposed approach utilizes nanotechnology-based precision-targeting to kill TNBC cells while sparing normal cells, offering hope for improved treatment options.
Researchers have developed a simplified method for cell-free protein synthesis, allowing for faster, cheaper, and more flexible production of proteins in a test tube. This technique enables researchers to harness the genetic code directly, providing new opportunities for pharmaceutical and genetic research.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered a new skeletal disease linked to an abnormal expression of small RNA molecules. The study reveals that the disease causes skeletal dysplasia, joint pain, and delayed cartilage cell maturation in patients, providing potential diagnostic and therapeutic options.
Researchers have developed a neuron-optimized CRISPR activation system that efficiently regulates genes involved in learning and memory, plasticity, and neuronal development. This breakthrough paves the way for studying genetic influences on brain health and disease using model organisms more closely resembling humans.
Experts argue that the UK's policy of recruiting children to the Armed Forces is harmful to teen health and causes specific health harms. The UK is one of only two countries in the world to recruit teenagers, with 15-year-olds allowed to begin the enlistment process at age 16.
Researchers identified a gene defect underlying childhood-onset osteoporosis in two Finnish families and four additional families worldwide. The SGMS2 gene mutation causes changes in bone metabolism and mineralisation, leading to severe short stature and disturbed bone development.
A study published in Annals of Oncology found that one course of chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery does not have a long-term effect on sperm count and concentration in men with early stage testicular cancer. Sperm number and concentration recovered in all groups up to five years after treatment.
Researchers used cryo-EM to visualize the dynamic process of substrate processing in the human proteasome at unprecedented resolution, revealing single magnesium ions bound to ATP and ADP. The study provides novel insights into the complete cycle of substrate processing and suggests distinct modes of ATP hydrolysis.
A multi-year observational study found that eating small amounts of peanut after immunotherapy can extend allergy treatment benefits and improve quality of life. The majority of participants continued regularly eating peanuts daily for up to eight years without any reactions from accidental ingestions.
A study of 800 Swedish women found that those with high levels of mental activities like reading, singing, and gardening were 46% less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. Women who were physically active also had a reduced risk of developing dementia, with a 52-56% lower risk compared to inactive participants.
A new report suggests that incentivizing downsizing for 'last-time buyers' aged 55+ can ease the UK's housing crisis. The report highlights the role of financial services in expanding mortgage offerings and insurance policies to help older people monetize their housing wealth, thereby funding retirement and covering care costs.
A national longitudinal study found that school-based health centers contribute to academic achievement among adolescents, with immunizations and physical exams associated with higher educational attainment. However, individual-level emotional counseling was inversely associated with educational attainment.
Children who were exclusively breastfed for three months or longer had significantly lower odds of having eczema at age 6. This study found that exclusive breastfeeding may protect children from experiencing extended flare-ups of eczema.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle-lipid bilayer hybrid-based computing platform that enables parallel computation using nanoparticles. The system consists of mobile Nano-Floaters and immobile Nano-Receptors, which can perform AND, OR, and INHIBIT logic operations, and are modularly wired to form complex logic circuits.
New research from UNC School of Medicine reveals that tick bites can cause an allergic immune response to alpha-gal, a sugar found in most mammal blood except humans, leading to red meat allergy syndrome (AGS). This challenges previous theories and suggests the risk of each tick bite may be higher than anticipated.
A multi-year observational study found that certain participants who completed up to four years of egg oral immunotherapy (eOIT) treatment were able to safely incorporate egg into their diet for five years. The results support the effectiveness of eOIT as a safe way to desensitize children and youth with egg allergy.
Researchers developed a framework to detect species interactions using camera trap data, highlighting the need for standardized data collection and collaboration. The study found that many records are needed to produce trustworthy results, but standardization can achieve this by combining datasets from multiple studies.
The NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite provided a wide view of Tropical Cyclone Oma in the Southern Pacific Ocean, capturing its massive size and weakening signs. The storm's elongation is a sign of weakening due to northeasterly winds pushing clouds and thunderstorms into the southern quadrant.
Nir Krakauer's research enables forecasts of South Asia summer monsoon precipitation up to a year in advance, improving predictability for agriculture, industry, and hydropower.
The US opioid epidemic has rapidly shifted to the Eastern states, with synthetic opioids accounting for most recent deaths. The study found that eight states have highest rates of opioid-related deaths, with Florida and Pennsylvania experiencing doubling mortality rates every two years.
Researchers at the University of Kansas discovered that tweets from white and black Twitter users can influence young people's views on the issue. While participants looked longer at messages from white users, they rated black users as more credible in self-reported data.
A UCF study found that high general intelligence is not enough to stop ecological disasters, highlighting the importance of social intelligence in managing shared resources. The research used a digital game to simulate an ecosystem and found that teams with high social intelligence were more effective at optimizing resource use.
The study analyzed data on over 351,000 opioid-related deaths from 1999 to 2016, revealing a significant increase in mortality rates in the eastern United States. Synthetic opioids were found to be driving these increases, prompting policymakers to reconsider their strategies for reducing opioid-related deaths.
UCSF researchers created a blockchain-based system to ensure the integrity of clinical trials data, creating an immutable audit trail that makes tampering visible. The system allows for real-time reporting of adverse events and protects data from corruption.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered that terraced steps in AlGaN-based LED fabrication increase efficiency by forming micropaths of electric current. This process enhances the conversion of electrical energy to optical energy, paving the way for more efficient LEDs.
Recreating Earth's interior conditions helps scientists understand diamond formation and carbon transport in the mantle. Carbonate minerals remain stable up to depths of 1,000-1,300km before reacting with surrounding silica to form bridgmanite.
The study examines two pharmaceuticals, carbamazepine and ciprofloxacin, and finds environmental risks 10-20 times higher than in 1995, with increased human use of ciprofloxacin having a high impact globally
The study provides a baseline for SLCMV in Southeast Asia, highlighting the need for disease-resistant varieties and rapid epidemic management. The potential impact of a widespread outbreak is currently unknown due to varying cassava varieties across regions.
A new study predicts that meeting national HIV prevention goals could substantially reduce new HIV infections in the US by 67 percent by 2030. Implementing innovative models for delivering HIV care and prevention interventions, as well as sufficient investments to bring them to scale, are crucial to achieving this goal.
A new paradigm shift in food allergy treatment is on the horizon, allowing children to gradually reintroduce forbidden foods and reducing long-term anxieties. Researchers and clinicians will provide support as families navigate these new treatments and manage psychosocial concerns related to daily life.
A collection of articles from leading researchers worldwide provides an unprecedented view of the global quantum technology landscape. The articles discuss the history of supporting research in quantum technology, the timing of heavy investment, and future outlooks for each region.
Belgica antarctica flies secrete a clear jelly around their eggs, acting as temperature and humidity buffer. The gel helps the eggs survive Antarctica's temperature fluctuations and dryness, allowing them to thrive in the continent's extreme environment.
North Carolina State University researchers created fibers that combine rubber's elasticity with metal's strength, resulting in a tougher material. The fibers can stretch up to seven times their original length before failure while absorbing energy, making them suitable for applications like soft robotics and textiles.
The study found that Medicaid patients experienced a tripling of CRC screening, with a notable increase in those from Appalachian regions. Following the expansion, CRC patients on Medicaid demonstrated improved survival rates, particularly after the first year.
A study found that suboptimal antibiotic doses may lead to lower lung microbial diversity, while therapeutic doses result in decreased diversity and lower levels after treatment. This could influence patient outcomes in cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease causing recurrent lung infections.
Researchers at Princeton University observed exotic electronic properties in kagome magnets, including negative magnetism and flat-band electrons. The study used state-of-the-art scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to explore the behavior of electrons in a kagome-patterned crystal.
A new study found that US-based patient advocacy organizations received 74% of total contributions from the world's 10 largest pharmaceutical companies in 2016. The study highlights inconsistent reporting and disclosure across countries, impeding transparency of pharma contributions to patient advocacy groups.
A UMass Amherst study reveals that citrus compounds can decrease inflammation in the colon by transforming into powerful anti-inflammatory agents through gut bacteria. The research aims to develop diet-based strategies to prevent and treat colon-related diseases.
Researchers found French participants successfully detected English sentence accent with a 90% success rate, rivaling native speakers. They used both local and distributed cues, unlike Finnish and Dutch speakers who relied on their mother tongue cues.
Researchers from UCI and UC Riverside have discovered a vulnerability in DNA synthesis machines that can be exploited for malicious purposes. The acoustic side-channel attack allows hackers to steal genetic blueprints, potentially leading to bioterrorism and unauthorized access to sensitive data.