A new noninvasive test for genetic disorders in embryos resulted in fewer false negatives and was less prone to errors compared to traditional trophectoderm biopsy. The study tested 52 human blastocysts and found the method to be more reliable with no false positives detected.
Researchers discovered that Veillonella bacteria in elite athletes' gut microbiomes can enhance exercise performance in mice by breaking down lactate and producing propionate, a short-chain fatty acid. This breakthrough paves the way for highly-validated performance-enhancing probiotics.
Research suggests that South African dung beetles utilize a multisensory compass, combining wind direction with solar elevation to maintain spatial orientation. The study found that the beetles' ability to orient themselves improves when incorporating wind cues into their navigation strategy.
Scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute elucidated the structure of enzymes that remove tyrosine from α-tubulin, revealing a key regulatory cycle in microtubule formation. This discovery holds promise for developing inhibitors to treat diseases like cancer and neurological disorders.
Researchers found that participants overestimated their effort when the feedback indicated faster heartbeat and did not underestimate it when the feedback indicated slower heartbeat. The study suggests that false cardiac feedback can produce an interoceptive illusion of effort.
A study found that PET/CT imaging can identify diseased areas in patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, guiding personalized therapy. The test provides a whole-body survey, helping to estimate disease extent and predict treatment response.
The study reveals that the green photoluminescence in CsPB2Br5 is caused by a small overgrowth of nanocrystals composed of CsPbBr3 along its edges. This understanding paves the way for designing and fabricating novel optoelectronic devices.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a skin-attachable vibration sensor for accurate voice recognition. The sensor can quantify voice pressure and recognize speech without ambient noise or sound distortion.
Researchers surveyed 3,077 US adults to predict the economic outcomes of hypothetical children from different family income levels. They found that individuals from higher-income backgrounds tend to be more optimistic about their children's economic prospects.
Researchers at UC San Diego discover a gel-like state of DNA that enables stability and responsiveness in the nucleus. The study suggests a physical principle of chromosomal organization with implications for gene expression and cell fate.
Researchers developed a technology to transform game design according to latency levels, predicting player success rates and maintaining gaming performance. The team modified the Flappy Bird game's pillar heights to achieve similar success rates with added latency.
Blocking Nogo-A increases newly formed blood vessels and improves motor tasks, neuronal survival, dopamine levels, and nerve fiber density after ischemic stroke. Anti-Nogo-A antibodies may represent a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke recovery.
A new study found that stimulating the brain's dorsal anterior insula triggers an ecstatic aura in epileptic patients. This region is proposed to be a key area for elicit symptoms of altered consciousness and ecstasy-like experiences. The findings provide additional support for its role in human consciousness.
A new study by the University of Portsmouth reveals that Islamic values play a significant role in Muslim tourists' travel decisions. The research found that Muslim travelers prioritize halal facilities, prayer spaces, and adherence to Sharia law when choosing destinations, driving growth in the global halal tourism market.
Brazilian and German scientists have discovered genes linked to sex differentiation in the giant Amazon fish, enabling early sexing and paving the way for genetic improvement. The research, supported by FAPESP, has significant implications for the Brazilian aquaculture industry and the conservation of this iconic species.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study reveals that combining immunotherapy with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition sensitizes cancers to anti-PD1 therapy. HDAC inhibitors upregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins, presenting antigens to T cells and making them effective against cancer cells.
Researchers have developed a novel CRISPR-based platform called SHERLOCK that enables the detection and quantification of plant genes. The platform is rapid, portable, and low-cost, with high multiplexing capability, making it an important tool for agriculture in detecting pathogens or pests and in plant breeding.
Researchers found that deforested areas leach older, biodegradable organic carbon into rivers, which is consumed by microbes and released as CO2. This process could jeopardize local ecosystems and fuel the greenhouse effect.
KAUST researchers develop a universal framework for querying big data, allowing researchers to focus on advancing the query engine rather than coding for specific platforms. The approach uses sparse-matrix algebra and achieves performance comparable to existing specialized approaches.
Human sperm samples exposed to microgravity have shown no significant difference in viability compared to those on Earth. The study found 100% concordance in DNA fragmentation rate and vitality, and 90% concordance in sperm concentration and motility.
Di Carli is recognized as an outstanding clinician-scientist, teacher, and mentor, known for pioneering work in cardiovascular radionuclide imaging and services. His research has contributed to understanding ischemic cardiac dysfunction and using positron emission tomography (PET) for guiding management of patients with end-stage heart...
Researchers at RMIT University and the National Institute of Technology, Warangal, have developed a novel approach to produce graphene using eucalyptus bark extract. This method is cheaper and more sustainable than current synthesis methods, reducing production costs from $100 per gram to just 50 cents per gram.
A recent study has found bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, living in kitchen sponges. The phages were isolated from used kitchen sponges and shown to be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The discovery could potentially provide a new solution to the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
A first-in-human Phase 1/Phase II study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of intravenous administration of technetium-99m tilmanocept for monitoring rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. The imaging agent binds to activated macrophages, providing joint-specific information on RA disease involvement.
Researchers found Cannabidiol effective in killing a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant strains, and disrupted biofilms. The compound retained its activity under extended exposure conditions that lead to resistance against other common antibiotics.
Jason S. Lewis, PhD, has received the 2019 Paul C. Aebersold Award from the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) for his outstanding contributions to basic nuclear medicine science. His research focuses on developing radiopharmaceuticals for targeted diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Researchers found that patients with high skin concentrations of C. auris can shed the fungus and contaminate their surroundings, leading to outbreaks in healthcare facilities. The study provides an explanation for the extensive contamination often seen during C. auris outbreaks.
A study using whole genome sequencing reveals a single bacterial strain with carbapenem-resistance gene persisted in a Northern California hospital for over 3 years. The strain was transmitted from patient to patient, particularly through lengthy stays in the intensive care unit.
A multi-country study found that Indigenous children experience poorer oral health compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts worldwide. The study assessed oral health indicators in Brazilian, New Zealand and Australian children, aged 5-15 years old, revealing significant inequalities.
Research found associations between serum antibodies against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans with altered metabolite levels, including lipoprotein particles and fatty acids. These findings suggest exposure to periodontal pathogens may contribute to a proatherogenic state.
Researchers have discovered that plants can transmit antibiotic-resistant superbugs to humans, highlighting the importance of tackling foodborne resistance from all aspects of the food chain. The study found that certain antibiotics can increase the ability of bacteria to colonize the gut after ingestion, while others can prevent it.
Research found that ocean water exposure can alter the diversity and composition of human skin microbiome, leaving individuals more susceptible to infections. Vibrio species were detected on every participant after swimming, with a significant affinity for attachment to human skin.
Researchers from the University of Warwick developed a 'social network' of over 100 ground-based magnetometers to monitor geomagnetic substorms. This allows for more accurate models and helps understand space weather's impact on electrical systems.
The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) and American Association for Dental Research (AADR) honored the legacy of Ricardo Teles in a symposium. The symposium reviewed current knowledge in clinical periodontology, identified gaps in research, and recognized his contributions to advancing the field.
Researchers create a new approach to analyze crude oil composition by dissolving it in water under high temperature and pressure. The method is compliant with green chemistry principles, avoiding hazardous solvents.
A team of scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has developed an eco-friendly production platform for a blue pigment called indigoidine. The engineered fungus, Rhodosporidium toruloides, produces the pigment with a high yield, using sustainable carbon sources and reducing toxic chemicals.
Researchers have identified CD11c+ dendritic cells as the first immune cells to interact with HIV, making them key drivers of infection. These newly discovered cells can capture viruses and deliver them to CD4 T cells, which are primary targets for HIV replication.
Researchers Drs. Shenoy Handiru and Katie Lancaster at Kessler Foundation will investigate novel ways to improve rehabilitative care for disabilities caused by stroke and multiple sclerosis. The projects aim to enhance hand function in stroke patients and alleviate feelings of stress and anxiety in individuals with MS.
A new study reveals that traditional comparisons of before-and-after fluid properties do not capture the full story of chemical reactions in flowing fluids. The researchers observed an increase in viscosity during a reaction but found the solution had thinned out by its end.
Ice lithography offers advantages in efficient 3D nanofabrication, including processing non-flat surfaces and observing nanostructures under the ice resist. The technology has great potential for further research and development.
Researchers at MIT developed a new method to create nanoemulsions, stable droplets that can remain intact for over a year and carry large payloads of active ingredients. By adding heat-sensitive polymers, they can easily convert the emulsions into gels when exposed to body temperature.
Researchers observed grain refinement and structural changes in polycrystalline aluminum foil under laser-driven shock wave loading. The technique enables studying microstructural deformation from atomic to mesoscale level.
Researchers have developed a rapid CRISPR-Cas13 detection system for agricultural applications, enabling trait screening and pest surveillance. A new library-based assay predicts Cas9 specificity, addressing off-target effects in gene editing therapies.
A study found that high levels of immunoglobulin G were associated with increased pain disability and comorbidities in TMD patients. Additionally, a chair-side risk assessment tool based on orofacial symptoms, headaches, and teeth grinding was developed to facilitate dental treatment planning.
Two new studies suggest that planting milkweed in cities could support 15-30% of the 1.8 billion stems needed to save Monarch butterflies. Urban areas offer a vast potential for creating habitat, with residential yards and low-quality green spaces being particularly valuable targets.
Research at Kanazawa University reveals that FGF signaling pathway determines the fate of neural stem cells in cerebral cortex, enabling proper numbers of neurons and astrocytes to be generated. The study sheds light on the mechanisms behind brain disorders caused by unbalanced cell numbers.
Increased visceral fat is associated with reduced brain structure and storage capacity, but oestradiol hormone protects women's brains in mid-life. Low oestradiol levels are linked to weaker memory performance during this age range.
Lancaster University scientists have drawn up new guidelines to help designers build in safeguards for children using programmable Internet computing devices. The research aims to mitigate risks such as peer-to-peer abuse, bullying, and exploitation of data generated by children.
A genome study has revealed the evolution of ruminants, including deer, antelope, and giraffes. The research provides a foundational genomic roadmap for understanding how evolution has shaped these animals, as well as their unique digestive system and adaptations to environmental changes.
A team of scientists is using single-cell sequencing to map the diversity of cells in the human heart, aiming to understand how different cell types contribute to its function. The research, part of the Human Cell Atlas initiative, aims to provide a reference for future studies on heart diseases.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology found a close relationship between vortex flow and pressure differences in the ventricles of the heart, which may signal heart dysfunction. The study suggests that these indicators could be used as new markers for cardiovascular dysfunction leading to heart failure.
Researchers discover distinct skin microbiome in frog populations with and without ranavirus outbreaks, suggesting a protective role of skin bacteria. Further study is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this relationship.
A study found that 94% of patients who underwent embryo genetic testing before IVF were glad to have the information, despite potentially disappointing results. The research suggests that even after a negative outcome, most women value the knowledge gained from embryo testing for reproductive planning.
Researchers discovered that wheat plants' sneezing off condensation can spread spore-borne diseases like wheat leaf rust, causing crop yield losses up to 20%. Condensation droplets can carry spores and jump high distances, potentially spreading disease across entire crops.
The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative has awarded $68 million to support the Human Cell Atlas, a collaborative effort between scientists from diverse disciplines. The funding will support networks of researchers who will map specific tissues in the healthy human body, generating cellular and molecular maps that will aid in understanding disease.
Research found significant differences in oral microbiota between caries-active boys and girls, with Actinobaculum, Veillonella parvula, and Lactococcus lactis dominating in girls. These findings suggest a gender-specific role of these microorganisms in shaping the cariogenic microbial environment.
Researchers used microscopic images to differentiate between carnivores and herbivores among lepidosauria species. Fine distinctions were made between algae-, fruit-, and mollusk-eating species, pointing towards the discovery of first herbivorous terrestrial vertebrates.
A study published in Nature Communications suggests that historical earthquake stresses can predict future seismic activity. Researchers analyzed centuries-old written records of damage to reveal 97% of earthquakes occurred on positively stressed faults.
A novel marker for non-classical monocytes has identified their direct regulatory role in the adaptive immune response. Monocytes can infiltrate specific tissues, modulating immune cell activities.
Researchers found that N-cadherin protein plays a crucial role in arranging neurons to form the columnar microstructure of the brain. The study used Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly brain as a model and discovered that three neuron types are arranged within the columns, with R7 forming the core.