Two Rice University faculty members, Mark Torres and Ming Yi, have been selected as 2019 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellows for their work in ocean sciences and physics. The fellowships provide $70,000 in funding to support fundamental research by early-career scientists.
Researchers found patients born without a CCR5 gene recover better from mild stroke than those with the gene. Maraviroc, a drug blocking CCR5, accelerated recovery in mice and boosted motor skills, language, and sensory function.
Researchers found that Natura 2000 in Germany effectively protects all listed habitat types, but large-area and common ones are significantly underrepresented. This imbalance can be addressed by setting specific area targets for each habitat type.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition has found a significant link between poor diet quality and mental illness in California adults. The research revealed that those who consumed more unhealthy food were more likely to report symptoms of moderate or severe psychological distress.
Researchers identified nine patients with leprosy treated at Mayo Clinic from 1994 to 2017, revealing common factors such as Micronesian lineage and extensive travel while immunosuppressed. The study highlights the importance of treatment and vigilance for immunosuppressed individuals traveling to areas with high rates of leprosy.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation in the PKD1L1 gene linked to Biliary atresia, a devastating condition that affects many children. The study found five patients with two copies of mutations and three additional patients with one mutation, providing new insights into the cause of the disease.
The Slide Hammer Seeder is a low-cost tool that allows precise planting of small-seeded species, including insectary plants and novel vegetables. It can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of growing these crops, reducing the need for pesticides.
A new study suggests the Affordable Care Act's requirements on pre-existing conditions and age clauses had a significant impact on adults with diabetes. The percentage of people with private health insurance who had diabetes increased after the ACA provisions began, especially among those in their 50s.
The UK will create 1,000 new Ph.D.s in Artificial Intelligence (AI) with a £100m investment, driving transformation across industries, healthcare, and climate change. The program aims to ensure AI innovation has ethics at its core, training future leaders to work on complex tasks and generate novel large-scale open datasets.
Research by University of Sydney researchers reveals a significant association between diabetes and low back pain and neck pain. The study found people with diabetes have a higher risk of experiencing these conditions, warranting further investigation into the link.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that brain areas responsible for movement and sensation alter their functional communication after a limb amputation. Researchers discovered that sensitive and motor areas of the brain exhibited abnormal patterns of communication among hemispheres, even in patients without phantom pain.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have developed a 100% effective labelling system that uses a unique chemical fingerprint to identify genuine products. The system, which can be checked using a phone app, has been tested with a 100% success rate and has the potential to revolutionize the fight against counterfeit goods.
Researchers used high-precision dating methods to study the timing and impact of Deccan Traps volcanism on dinosaur extinction. The studies suggest that massive volcanic eruptions could have dramatically altered Earth's climate, triggering mass extinctions before the Chicxulub asteroid impact.
Researchers at VCU have developed a technique to observe subtle changes in clusters of matter, shedding light on their catalytic properties and potential applications in drug discovery. This breakthrough enables the study of molecules on nanoclusters in real-time, revealing fast-paced configuration and position changes.
A team of Cambridge researchers controlled the sea of nuclei in semiconductor quantum dots, enabling them to operate as a quantum memory device. This achievement harnesses the interaction between electrons and nuclear spins, proving the nuclei can exchange information with an electron qubit.
Researchers from Lobachevsky University have discovered that erythrocytes undergo changes in their nanostructure when subjected to stress, which can lead to programmed cell death. This finding has significant implications for the development of optimal treatment regimens for patients with atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
A new online tool, The Human Diagnosis Project, assesses physicians' diagnostic skills by analyzing sample patient scenarios and providing immediate feedback. The study found that attending physicians outperformed other groups in terms of accuracy and efficiency, with those from top-ranked medical schools scoring highest.
A UTA biologist is leading a $3.4 million NIH grant to study the persistence of schistosomiasis, a deadly parasitic disease affecting over 200 million people globally. The project aims to understand transmission patterns and develop strategies for permanent reductions in the disease.
A mouse model study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that gastrointestinal neuroimmune disruption is a contributing mechanism of Gulf War Illness. The research found that exposure to pyridostigmine bromide causes long-lasting gastrointestinal issues and immune system changes in the gut and brain.
A new study found that evidence-based care can improve patient outcomes for acute kidney injury, reducing hospital stays by several days. The intervention also led to improved recognition of AKI, medication optimization, and fluid assessment, resulting in better patient care.
Researchers have developed a molecule that could enhance sun cream's protective effect against UVA rays, potentially benefiting patients with Friedreich's Ataxia and other mitochondrial disorders. The study found that skin cells from FA patients are up to 10 times more sensitive to UVA damage.
Researchers find evidence suggesting an asteroid/comet impact reignited massive volcanic eruptions in India, coinciding with the worldwide extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period. The eruptions, known as the Deccan Traps, produced climate-altering gases that may have played a role in the mass extinction.
A new method of increasing reactivity in ultrathin nanosheets can make fuel cells for hydrogen cars cheaper, promising faster and more efficient production. By tuning the materials' thinness, researchers can create more strain, changing material properties and accelerating reactions.
A new oral medication targeting NF-κB, a key link between loss of dystrophin and disease progression, has been well-tolerated in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The Phase 1 clinical trial results indicate that the drug can reduce levels of NF-κB-regulated genes and serum proteins thought to originate from damaged muscles.
Researchers at MIT and ETH in Zurich have developed a system to produce coherent single photons using perovskite quantum dots. The study found that these materials can maintain coherence levels approaching those of established emitters, making them promising for quantum computing applications and secure quantum communications.
Researchers found that sealing holes less than 3mm wide can keep out most brown marmorated stink bugs. Removing dead stink bugs can also deter new arrivals, while 'seeding' traps with corpses may improve performance but requires further testing.
The article explores the intersection of social media, emerging technologies, and medical ethics. Bioethicists discuss various issues such as bias in AI systems and patient relationships affected by social networking sites. The authors also provide recommendations for addressing ethical challenges in these areas.
A study published in Nature Climate Change finds that climate change can redistribute the strength of ecological interactions between predator and prey species. Higher temperatures lead to more intense predation pressure, while increased climate instability weakens predators' effectiveness in controlling pests.
A new method borrows from Goldilocks thinking for evaluating metal thickness, finding the ideal electrode thickness. This technique can increase catalyst activity by 10-50 times and use 90% less metal than current fuel cells.
A new CMP-fusion strategy called CRISPR-chrom enhances CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing efficiency, especially at previously difficult-to-target sites. The approach demonstrates a substantial increase in CRISPR-Cas9 activity with no notable increase in off-target effects.
A recent study found that handwritten font on menus can convey a sense of love and care, leading customers to believe healthier food options are better for their bodies. This perception influences customer behavior, including increased social media interaction with the restaurant's brand.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed an innovative nanocoating technology that can degrade microplastics using visible light, reducing energy consumption and byproducts. The technology showed a 30% increase in degradation of low-density polyethylene microplastic residues.
JILA researchers have made a long-lived, record-cold gas of molecules that follow the wave patterns of quantum mechanics. The creation of this gas boosts the odds for advances in fields such as designer chemistry and quantum computing.
Fires increased during phases of lush steppe oak forest growth in relatively humid and warm climates. This contradicts the assumption that dry brushwood was decisive for early fires, suggesting fire risk is linked to plant biomass.
A new study from UC Berkeley finds that a soda tax led to a significant decrease in sugary drink consumption, with water consumption also increasing. The results suggest that taxes may be an effective tool in reducing sugar-linked diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A Rutgers University study has discovered that fruit fly wings remain the same shape even when cells are manipulated to change their division pattern, revealing a new way organs form. This breakthrough could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases like mitral valve prolapse and van Maldergem syndrome.
The collection of over 1,700 animal and plant specimens from Sir Charles Lyell's era provides insight into volcano formation and palaeontology. The data is now easily searchable for researchers worldwide.
A new study published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that saffron was as effective as methylphenidate in controlling ADHD symptoms in children and teens. The researchers also noted similar side effects, making saffron a promising herbal alternative for treating ADHD.
A new study from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business found that amateur investors with high self-efficacy are prone to crowd bias and herding behaviors, leading to poorer investment decisions. The researchers suggest that online training courses could help mitigate these risks and improve the equity crowdfunding landscape.
Researchers found seven bacterial genes in yeast that enable iron-scavenging molecules production. The genes originated from bacteria and were transferred horizontally to yeast through a process called operon acquisition.
The report identifies weaknesses in current Illinois law and recommends strengthening the state's gun purchaser licensing system, expanding firearm prohibitions for domestic abusers, and providing more funding for local initiatives. These policies aim to reduce gun violence and homicides in Illinois.
Researchers have developed a human-on-a-chip model that can mimic the effects of chronic drug exposure, overcoming limitations of previous organ-on-a-chip systems. This breakthrough technology allows for realistic replication of system responses to compounds, enabling more accurate prediction of toxicity and efficacy.
Researchers discovered that EDA/EDAR signaling drives the wave of patterning, while FGF20 induces cell aggregation and compresses the epidermis to intensify FGF20 expression. This process shapes the precise hexagonal array of feathers in birds.
A new study suggests that social connectedness can act as a protective buffer against the negative mental health effects of cyberbullying. The findings indicate that individuals with stronger social connections are less likely to experience depression, anxiety, and stress due to cybervictimization.
A new study found that offering teachers a $5,000 retention bonus led to an increase in test score gains among students in both reading and mathematics. The program, which was implemented in high-poverty schools in Tennessee, saw a significant improvement in reading test scores among students compared to similar non-participant schools.
Scientists have discovered how bird feathers form in a wave-like motion, creating a regular pattern in the skin. This discovery could help design strategies to reduce feather density in farmed birds, improving their heat tolerance in tropical climates.
Researchers at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg reconstructed the evolutionary history of genes controlling leaf pore movement in flowering plants. They found that most genes belong to old families present in all plant groups, including green algae, suggesting they developed before land colonization.
Researchers used a global network of radio telescopes to detect a compact jet of material expanding at close to the speed of light. The jet's existence challenges previous models of binary neutron star mergers, which suggested it was not possible for such a structure to form.
Dr. Ekaterina Dobryakova, a researcher at Kessler Foundation, has been honored with the International Neuropsychological Society's Early Career Award for her work on traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. Her research focuses on noninvasive interventions to address cognitive deficits caused by these conditions.
A new study confirms that obesity impairs vitamin D conversion in the liver, affecting its major form in the blood. This finding highlights the need for targeted treatment approaches, such as calcidiol, to address vitamin D insufficiency in obese individuals.
A team of international scientists and conservationists has successfully rediscovered the world's largest bee, Wallace's giant bee. The species was lost to science since 1981 but has been found in Indonesia, where it is threatened by forest destruction.
Researchers create experimental device to subject bioengineered heart tissue to dynamic strain cycles and measure electrophysiological response. Contrary to previous studies, they found that rapid strains do not disrupt electrical impulses, suggesting alternative explanations for deadly blows to the chest.
A new study found that women with higher perceived social support had lower mortality rates, even after accounting for factors like income and education. The researchers suggest that social support may serve as a health intervention for some individuals.
Researchers expand the genetic alphabet from four to eight letters, demonstrating a double increase in information density. The new DNA and RNA-like systems may be useful for future synthetic biological applications, including larger molecular structures.
Researchers at KAUST created a library of fluorescently marked, GPR-1-overexpressing strains to interrogate gene function and study transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. This tool allows scientists to generate worms with recoded genomes for synthetic biology applications.
Researchers have developed a new approach to create enzyme-responsive nanostructures that can sense overexpression of MMP-9, helping diagnose cancer and autoimmune diseases. The design guidance enables the creation of smart-drug delivery vehicles with precisely tunable properties.
A new study finds that sustained smoking cessation can delay or prevent the development of seropositive RA, a more severe form of rheumatoid arthritis. Quitting smoking for good reduces risk by 37% after 30 years.
Researcher Jianhai Du finds that tumor cells hijack glucose metabolism to fuel cancer growth, while retina cells use it to renew photoreceptor membranes. MPC1 protein plays a critical role in regulating glucose uptake in both cell types.
The partnership aims to advance genetic diagnosis and therapy for patients with muscle wasting neuromuscular diseases, including motor neurone disease and muscular dystrophy. AIIMS will launch its first patient trials, providing insight into the different genes present in India's populations.
A study of 230,732 women found that long-term smoking cessation reduces the risk of a certain form of rheumatoid arthritis by 37%. This type of RA tends to have a more severe disease course with joint deformities and disability.
A team led by Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet neurobiologist Laura Busse investigated how the brain processes visual stimuli. They found that most types of retinal ganglion cells transmit information to the visual thalamus, but with selective processing and weighting at the first neuronal waystation.
New research reveals CEOs control information release and manipulate markets to lower share prices, benefiting themselves through stock options. Despite regulations, CEOs continue to exploit their informational advantage to bypass oversight.
Researchers at UBC's Okanagan campus have discovered that irrigation with lake water releases CO2 from bicarbonates, a natural process that has practical applications for agriculture-based communities. The study suggests that understanding this process is essential in combatting rising atmospheric greenhouse gases.
Scientists at University of Oxford have identified a novel biochemical pathway, CHLORAD, that enables plants to tolerate environmental stresses. This breakthrough could lead to more resilient crop varieties essential for global food security.
Scientists have identified a key role for protein Akna in regulating neural stem cells via microtubule organization, promoting differentiation and detachment from the niche. This mechanism also plays a crucial role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
Researchers identified a new type of immune cell called macrophages that play a critical role in heart valve formation and maintenance. These heart-derived macrophages are particularly adept at consuming excess tissue, making them indispensable to the formation and maintenance of healthy valves.
A University of British Columbia study found that automated photo enforcement programs significantly reduce property-related crimes, in addition to collisions, by deterring unsafe driving behaviors. Researchers developed a planning chart to optimize the deployment of mobile speed enforcement units.
A new robotic sensor technology has been developed to measure hormones affecting fertility, sexual development, and menstruation quickly and cheaply. The technology, called RAPTER, uses a novel biosensor linked to a robotic system to provide real-time results, paving the way for more personalized medicine.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have uncovered a novel cellular stress response to toxic mitochondrial proteins, which causes complex neurological syndromes. A clinically approved drug has been found to block the production of toxic proteins and trigger a stress response in animal models.
A recent study from Oregon State University reveals that over 63% of American children and 55% of Americans live in 'asset' poverty, meaning they have limited assets to rely on during financial crises. This form of poverty poses significant challenges for families, especially those headed by single mothers.
A team of researchers led by Joshua Sanes created the first cellular atlas of the primate retina, identifying 65-70 separate cell types and their expressed genes. The study sheds light on the mechanisms that give rise to differences in foveal cells and offers a foundation for understanding vision-related diseases.
Researchers tracked bottlenose dolphins in Indian River Lagoon using radio-telemetry, revealing new insights into their social behavior, activities, and habitat preferences. The study found that dolphins spent most of their time traveling and milling together in groups, with a surprising amount of alone time, especially for juveniles.
Changes to standard urine orders led to a 45% reduction in unnecessary tests for asymptomatic patients. Nurses play a crucial role in antimicrobial stewardship, and practical guidance is needed to integrate them into efforts.
A review of over 140 studies explores climate change's impact on animal life, including humans, through increased frequency and severity of heat waves. Behavioral changes, such as altered migration patterns and increased water demands, may lead to dehydration and cellular stress.
Patients with interstitial lung disease often experience significant treatment burdens, including drug-disease interactions. The study highlights the importance of careful evaluation before treatment initiation to minimize complications.
Astronomers found a tiny moon, Hippocamp, around Neptune that shouldn't exist due to gravitational clearance by Proteus. The moon is thought to be a chipped-off piece from Proteus resulting from a comet collision, measuring 20 miles across.
A UK-based study found that 31% of young people experienced traumatic events during childhood, with those exposed to trauma twice as likely to develop mental health disorders. Only a small proportion of young people with PTSD received effective treatment.
Research finds that prenatal exposure to phthalates, widely used in personal care products, can lead to long-lasting adverse effects on motor function in children. Girls and boys exposed prenatally may experience increased motor skill deficiencies, affecting daily activities and mental health.
A USC study found that the US has the highest drug overdose death rates among high-income countries, with mortality rates tripling over the past two decades. The study suggests that the epidemic is contributing to the widening gap in life expectancy between the US and other high-income countries.
Physicists have discovered a new effect, known as Kondo-like phonon scattering, which explains the low thermal conductivity of certain materials. This discovery paves the way for creating excellent thermal insulators that conduct electricity, enabling the conversion of waste heat into electrical energy.
Researchers analyzed cervical precancers over seven years and found a 21% decline in CIN2+ cases attributed to HPV16/18. The proportion of these cases declined among vaccinated women, suggesting the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing cervical disease.
Researchers found that dogs and foxes shared similar diets with their owners, indicating domestication. The study analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bone collagen, revealing a varied diet among the foxes, but one species showed signs of being a domestic animal.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute create a battery-like system to manufacture medicines, avoiding safety risks and increasing versatility. They use additives from lithium-ion battery manufacturing to conduct reductive electrochemistry safely and efficiently.
A review published in Advances in Nutrition suggests that noncaloric sweeteners have a negligible impact on daily energy intake and do not significantly alter the composition of human gut microbiota. The study concludes that there is not enough evidence to support adverse effects on health, including cancer or diabetes risk.
A new study at WashU Medicine finds that making a simple electronic system change can reduce bacterial culture tests ordered without compromising patient care. The change encourages doctors to first look for signs of UTIs before testing urine for bacteria, resulting in a nearly half reduction in unnecessary tests.
A study of 4,818 patients found that diabetes, morbid obesity, tobacco smoking, and prolonged surgical duration increase the risk of surgical site infections. The overall incidence was 3.64%, with deep and superficial infections occurring at 0.4% and 1.1% respectively.
A new study examines individuals' willingness to adopt algorithms in decision-making contexts, revealing the importance of cognitive perceptions. Participants with low situational awareness were found to be more likely to delegate decisions to an AI algorithm.
Researchers at Drexel University and Trinity College developed a new method to fortify silicon anodes with MXene materials, stabilizing them enough for use in batteries. The resulting silicon-MXene anodes showed higher lithium-ion capacity and superior conductivity than conventional silicon anodes.
A new study by the University of Plymouth found that people spontaneously form mental images of how the world looks to others, allowing them to virtually see through another person's eyes and make judgments. This ability helps us empathize with others, predict their behavior, and interact with them effectively in everyday activities.
A new study finds that the US has the highest rates of drug overdose mortality among high-income countries, with a rate 3.5 times higher on average. The country's overdose death rate has increased rapidly over the past decade, outpacing other nations.
The study found that Australian fairy circles were formed by physical processes such as weathering of the soil by heavy rainfall, extreme heat, and evaporation. The researchers also discovered that there is no causal relationship between termites and fairy circles.
Typhoon Wutip shows strong thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as -80 degrees Fahrenheit, indicative of a powerful storm. The National Weather Service has issued warnings for affected areas, predicting the typhoon to intensify and pass southwest of the Mariana Islands.
Experts warn of a surge in vector-borne diseases as Venezuela's humanitarian crisis worsens, with malaria cases increasing by 359% since 2010. The crisis is also leading to a resurgence of other diseases like Chagas disease and dengue, threatening public health gains in the country.
Researchers developed a new iridium catalyst for the selective synthesis of chiral lactams, which are key building blocks in pharmaceutical agents. The catalyst achieves high selectivity by inducing hydrogen bonding between substrate and catalyst, leading to the production of desired compounds with minimal waste.
A team of researchers found that as the temperature increases, the ergodization time-scale becomes huge, but the time-scales necessary for chaoticity remain practically unchanged. This phenomenon is known as dynamical glass, which emerges from the fragmentation of frozen and seemingly inert regions.
A University at Buffalo psychologist conducted a study using smartphones to measure symptoms in real-time, revealing that some emotions linger and predict later symptoms. The research could provide treatment benefits for patients struggling with anxiety and depression by identifying specific risk factors and suggesting strategies.
The Collaborative Laboratories for Environmental Analysis and Remediation at UTA is analyzing surface and groundwater quality in West Texas, supported by Apache Corporation's continued sponsorship. The research aims to comprehensively monitor water resources in the region, including San Solomon Springs.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic beta cells themselves may play a role in T1 diabetes, and found that eliminating senescent cells prevents the disease in mice. The study suggests a paradigm shift for T1 diabetes therapy and opens up new avenues for treatment.
A large study found an association between whole grain and high dietary fiber intake with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings suggest that incorporating more whole grains into the diet may help reduce liver cancer risk.
A new system, Shenango, developed by MIT researchers improves data center efficiency by detecting struggling apps and allocating idle cores to handle their workload. The system reduces tail latencies while achieving high efficiencies, potentially boosting CPU utilization rates from 60% to 100%.
Cancer stem-cells are responsible for recurrence and drug resistance. MTHFD2, a mitochondrial metabolic enzyme, plays a critical role in maintaining CSCs by consuming AICAR, leading to depletion of the intracellular pool. Targeting MTHFD2 may eradicate tumors and prevent recurrence.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that a child's height gap with their parents is a key predictor of when they will begin puberty. The study suggests that genetics do not play a major role in determining the age of puberty, but rather an individual's growth needs and body response to those needs.
The lack of regulatory standards in clinical artificial intelligence poses concerns about safety and efficacy, according to a recent study. The authors propose five standards to guide evaluation and regulation of clinical predictive analytics, emphasizing the importance of established clinical standards and clinician agency.
The CRISPR Journal announces publication of its February 2019 issue, featuring studies on strain tracking, single-step genome editing, and chromatin modulating motifs. Researchers discuss advancements in CRISPR technology and its applications.
A new study found over 1,800 calls to US Poison Control Centers regarding kratom exposures from 2011-2017, with a dramatic increase in annual calls. The majority of exposures were among males and occurred at residences, often due to intentional abuse or misuse.
Researchers discover Euglena cells can crawl fast in narrow spaces using metaboly, a coordinated body deformation. The study could inspire new technologies, such as soft robots that can move efficiently in complex environments.
In a study published in The Royal Society Interface, researchers at NYU Tandon found that individuals in small groups dynamically decide who to follow based on performance over time. This leads to the emergence of group leaders, exerting stronger influence on others as their accuracy increases.
Researchers are using genetically engineered E. coli bacteria to produce biodiesel, plastics and pharmaceuticals. This method could expand biodiesel production by utilizing surplus biomass from food crops.
A major Arizona health system implemented financial turnaround process focusing on improving productivity, efficiency, and revenue. By end of 2018, the system achieved a financial turnaround of over $150 million through price transparency initiatives.
Astronomers from UCI and other institutions have successfully used the Habitable Planet Finder to discover and confirm the existence of exoplanets. The new technique has been demonstrated on a recently discovered super-Earth orbiting Barnard's star, expanding the selection of stellar targets for exoplanet hunting.
A large-scale study validated four widely used breast cancer risk models, finding that family-history-based models outperform non-family-history based models. The study's findings suggest that all women would benefit from risk assessment involving detailed family histories.
A Washington State University team is developing an ultra-high performance cementitious composite grout to encapsulate solid secondary waste at the Hanford Site. The grout uses industrial byproducts like coal ash and steel slag to reduce costs and environmental impact.
A study published in Critical Care Explorations found that both CT angiography and transcranial Doppler have limited accuracy in detecting cerebral vasospasm and predicting delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The tests showed conflicting results, with CT angiography being highly sensitive but lacking spe...
A global survey of frog skin bacteria reveals that diverse microbial communities thrive in cold, variable environments. Fast-growing bacteria are often outcompeted by slower-dormant types in temperate climates.
Researchers analyzed temporal and demographic patterns in gestational syphilis and mother-to-child-transmission of syphilis in a Brazilian region. They found no annual endemic period, but increased cases during February and a failure in the notification system.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that gut bacteria secrete nitric oxide to communicate with mammalian hosts, controlling gene expression and influencing human health. This 'interspecies communication' strategy has implications for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cancer.
Consuming garlic and onions has been shown to lower the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese study involving 833 patients. Adults who ate high amounts of allium vegetables had an 79% lower chance of developing the disease compared to those who consumed low amounts.
A randomized study by Michigan State University reveals that interpersonal psychotherapy can reduce depressive symptoms and hopelessness in prisoners. The treatment is effective, low-cost, and can be implemented in prison settings with trained counselors.
A new study using PET scans has identified a biomarker that predicts which women with HER2-positive breast cancer may benefit from standalone HER2-targeted agents without chemotherapy. Researchers found that patients with low sugar levels on PET scans at two weeks after treatment had the potential to be spared chemotherapy, indicating ...
NASA's Aqua satellite uses infrared analysis to track Tropical Cyclone Oma's strongest storms, finding cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to weaken due to increased wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.
The University of Texas at Arlington's new wind tunnel will be used for Navy grants to develop heat shields for hypersonic vehicles and measure plasma flow. The facility will also house a femtosecond laser system to non-intrusively measure temperature and composition.
A new study suggests that news coverage of terrorist attacks can significantly impact emotional responses and support for anti-Muslim policies in Western countries. News articles featuring a high number of offenders elicit both fear of terror and anger towards the government, leading to increased support for immigration bans.
A newly discovered tyrannosaur, Moros intrepidus, has narrowed a 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record. The species, which lived about 96 million years ago, was small but exceptionally fast and had advanced sensory capabilities.
Researchers found that many bird species responded positively to the climate conditions associated with the drought, potentially offsetting negative habitat impacts. The study's results suggest that birds may be more resilient to temperature increases than previously thought, but also highlights the need for further research on their r...
Researchers have discovered a squid protein that can be processed into fibers and films for applications in health monitoring, self-healing recyclable fabrics and sustainable textiles. The protein's unique properties make it an eco-friendly alternative to plastics.
A recent study found that short-term wood burning in small-scale room heaters and sauna stoves significantly increased residents' daily exposure to particulate air pollution. The study highlights the importance of natural ventilation in reducing indoor levels of hazardous particles.
A 500-million-year-old ancient worm, Amiskwia, has been linked to modern arrowworms through DNA analysis and anatomical features. The study found that Amiskwia possessed a jaw apparatus similar to gnathiferans, which are microscopic worms with a distinctive internal jaw apparatus.
A recent study using data from 1.2 million people found that genetic variants associated with increased tobacco and alcohol use also linked to various diseases, including obesity, diabetes, ADHD, and mental illnesses. The study suggests a complex interplay between genes and environmental factors influencing addiction.
A new UNLV study finds that the quality of fruits and vegetables at dollar stores is comparable to traditional grocery store produce. The research team championed channel blurring, which benefits budget-conscious shoppers by increasing access to healthy, affordable food options.
A study of 1.7 million Chinese adults found 10% at high heart disease risk, yet only 3% taking statins or aspirin for prevention. The low uptake is attributed to a lack of awareness among patients and providers in China.
SNoOPI will validate remote-sensing technique called signals of opportunity to measure soil moisture from space, a crucial step towards determining water stored in snowpack and soil root zones. The mission will reuse existing telecommunications signals, eliminating the need for large antennas.
A UMass Amherst researcher is teaming up with 2 Western Massachusetts sheriff's offices to design an opioid treatment program for jail detainees. The 3-year project aims to deliver medications to 500 detainees and connect them to follow-up care after release, measuring outcomes to inform a national playbook.
A new study led by Salk Institute scientists suggests that high-fat diets contribute to colorectal cancer growth by disrupting the balance of bile acids in the intestine. The findings could explain why younger people are developing colorectal cancer at an alarming rate.
New research finds that triclosan exposure increases bacterial survival rates, making it harder for antibiotics to kill bacteria. The study suggests that widespread use of triclosan in consumer products may contribute to the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections.
A UVA researcher is developing a new approach to determine molecular structures, which could lead to breakthroughs in drug discovery and disease treatment. The method, called Serial Solution Scattering Structure Determination (S4D), aims to collect small amounts of information from many easily prepared samples.