Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers discovered that combining artemisinins with a low dose of an anti-cancer drug can increase the effectiveness of anti-malarial drugs and overcome the parasite's defences. This finding has the potential to combat resistant malaria parasites, which are currently spreading globally.
Researchers discover that artemisinin treatment can be effective against resistant malaria parasites by extending treatment duration or using proteasome inhibitors, which cause cellular stress and damage protein degradation. The study provides new hope for preventing the spread of drug resistance in Southeast Asia.
Researchers develop a new drug combination that targets both estrogen-sensitive cells and cancer stem cells causing treatment resistance in breast cancer. The therapy combines Evgen's Wnt pathway-suppressing drug Sulforadex with standard hormonal treatments.
A new study found a 19% drop in prescription opioid supply and a 20% decrease in overdose rates following the introduction of abuse-deterrent OxyContin and propoxyphene's removal from the market. The drop was partially offset by an increase in heroin overdose deaths.
Researchers at Notre Dame have made a breakthrough discovery in understanding the mechanism of artemisinin resistance in malaria. They found that a specific lipid called phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) is produced by an enzyme called PfPI3K, and its levels are linked to artemisinin resistance.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have developed a drug that can reverse resistance to immunotherapy in certain leukaemias and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The new antibody, BI-1206, works by binding to a molecule called FcγRIIB and enhancing cancer killing, promising improved treatment outcomes for patients with blood cancers.
Researchers have identified various ways that HER2-positive breast cancer tumors resist therapy and discovered a potential combination therapy to overcome multiple mechanisms of resistance. A novel combination of lapatinib and a BET bromodomain inhibitor was found to block the growth of cancer cells, making the activity of lapatinib du...
Researchers discovered that alternating low doses of two antibiotics can kill bacteria while promoting the emergence of drug-resistance mutations. This sequential treatment approach, called 'sequential synergies,' may provide a way to sensitize bacteria to concentrations of antibiotics that would normally induce resistance.
Researchers have identified a new compound produced by freshwater bacteria that is effective against drug-resistant tuberculosis and other infections. The discovery provides a promising alternative to current treatments and could help combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide.
A study analyzing individual virus sequences from 287 published studies found that most HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance strains arose independently in sub-Saharan Africa and south/southeast Asia. The study suggests screening for specific high-prevalence mutations could identify patients with TDR before therapy initiation.
Researchers found a small group of mutations account for most cases of transmission-related resistance to HIV drugs. The study suggests levels of transmission of drug-resistant strains have not increased globally as much as feared, but adherence challenges persist in lower-income countries.
A new study by University of California - Berkeley Haas School of Business researchers found that offering purchase subsidies to retailers can increase the availability and affordability of malaria drugs. This approach is particularly effective for long-shelf life products, such as ACTs, which are considered the best anti-malarial drugs.
Researchers at UCSF identified a biological escape hatch that explains resistance to targeted drug treatment in lung cancer patients. Combining two compounds, erlotinib and PBS-1086, effectively wipes out cancer cells in mice implanted with cells from drug-resistant tumors.
A new engineered protein-based medicine has been shown to overcome radiation resistance in leukemia by selectively binding to leukemia cells and amplifying the potency of radiation therapy. In mouse models, this precision medicine improved survival rates in aggressive human leukemia with minimal side effects.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a group of genes in snails that provide natural resistance to the flatworm parasite causing schistosomiasis. This finding offers potential new avenues for treatment and control of the disease, which can cause chronic disability and even lead to bladder cancer.
India's TB epidemic is worsened by the failure of its Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program to engage the private sector, argues Dr. Zarir Udwadia. The program needs to provide free diagnosis and treatment to all patients, regardless of sector, to control the spread of TB.
Researchers discover roflumilast's mechanism of tolerance in severe COPD patients, highlighting potential for new therapeutics to improve efficacy. The study identifies key protein PKA-Cβ as a target for reducing unwanted PDE4B2 production.
Researchers have identified a compound that blocks HIV entry by targeting both CCR5 and CXCR4, reducing the risk of resistance and making treatment more effective. This finding has significant implications for the development of new HIV treatments and could potentially keep treatment affordable for millions in the developing world.
Researchers use mathematical models to characterize tumor microenvironment, highlighting sanctuary sites as key to drug resistance. Tumor sanctuaries with little drug exposure are the source of resistant mutants.
Researchers at SDSC and UCSD have described the molecular mechanism of cancer development caused by well-known EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Computer modeling elucidated their molecular mechanism of action, suggesting that antibodies targeting dimerization would be effective treatments.
The study uses mutant stem cells to screen for genes involved in rabies infection and identifies 63 host target genes that can be targeted for treatment. The technique has potential applications in discovering gene function and assessing human host response to various infections and toxins.
A new platform developed by UCLA bioengineers uses nanotechnology-enhanced medications and AI-driven analysis to create safer and more effective treatments for drug-resistant tumors. The approach, called Feedback System Control.II, has been shown to outperform traditional combination therapies.
A study found that individuals exhibiting resistance to aspirin have more severe strokes, with larger brain areas affected, compared to those who respond to the drug. The study also found a median stroke severity score of four in the aspirin-resistant group, indicating a moderate stroke.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified unique 'protein patterns' in melanoma patients to predict resistance to BRAF inhibitors. These patterns may help guide personalized treatment decisions, including targeted agents or immunotherapies.
A study confirmed artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites in Homalin, Sagaing Region, Myanmar, just 25km from the Indian border. This finding poses a significant threat to global control and eradication of malaria, as drug resistance spreads from Asia to Africa and potentially emerges independently.
Researchers at the University of Toronto found that only a few strains of Candida albicans became resistant to combination therapy, and that resistance came at a cost to the fungus. The resistant strains grew poorly in stress conditions and were vulnerable to immune cells.
Researchers found that non-mutated CLL shows increased gene expression variability, while mutated leukaemia has lower variability. This variation is linked to tumour aggressiveness and may help predict disease subtype.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center have identified ERBB4 as a driver protein in breast cancers that have developed resistance to HER2 targeted therapies. The discovery suggests that anti-ERBB4 drugs could be highly beneficial for patients who no longer respond to first or second-line treatments.
A genome-wide study of the malaria parasite reveals a complex genetic architecture that enables artemisinin resistance. Researchers found 20 mutations in the kelch13 gene and four other genes that work together to support resistance, but monitoring specific genetic backgrounds could help target high-risk regions.
Moffitt researchers found that high activity of cell surface protein EphA2 leads to aggressive behavior in melanoma cells treated with B-Raf inhibitor drugs. Targeting EphA2 may prevent disease progression and improve treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers at UMass Amherst found a whole plant therapy more effective than purified drug artemisinin in killing malaria parasites, even those resistant to the pharmaceutical treatment. The study suggests using the whole plant may be a sustainable alternative for treating human malaria.
A team of researchers at Duke University Medical Center has identified key events that lead to cancer cell resistance to drugs. By understanding these pathways, they can develop strategies to block them and keep current therapies effective.
A recent study found that cystic fibrosis patients are at a higher risk of developing ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus strains due to insufficient levels of the drug in their system. This can lead to delayed or inadequate response to treatment, highlighting the need for closer monitoring and therapeutic level adjustments.
Scientists have discovered that Metformin can boost the efficacy of TB medication and stop Mtb replication without promoting drug resistance. This discovery could lead to a new and affordable treatment strategy for tuberculosis, potentially shortening clinical trials.
A new family of cancer drugs targeting multiple key proteins could treat incurable skin cancers. The panRAF inhibitors showed effectiveness in patients with melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors.
NTU scientists have identified two major ways malaria parasites become resistant to Artemisinin, a key front-line drug. The breakthrough findings will help doctors design new treatment cocktails and monitor drug resistance more effectively.
A study published in Science has identified a single mutated gene, K13, as the cause of growing resistance to malaria drugs in Southeast Asia. This finding provides a way to detect emerging resistance and potentially eliminate it before spreading globally.
Researchers at MIT have successfully turned on any desired gene in living cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. This breakthrough enables scientists to study gene function and identify genes involved in diseases, such as melanoma. The new method has also been used to screen for genes that confer resistance to cancer drugs.
Researchers have identified a novel therapeutic approach using gamma secretase inhibitors (GSI) to inhibit Notch and block critical genes involved in tumor growth. The study suggests that GSI may optimize existing endocrine therapies and overcome resistance to cancer drugs.
Researchers found that HSP90 inhibition increases the ability of anti-estrogen agents to block cell cycle progression, thereby thwarting replication of tumor cells. The study provides a strong rationale for combining HSP90 inhibitors with hormonal therapy in ER+ breast cancer treatment.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to drug screening that could more precisely tailor chemotherapy to a patient's individual blood cancer type. By correcting for the matrix effect, Shin and Mooney believe their approach could identify a subset of drugs that will be more likely to be effective against chronic myeloid leukemias.
Scientists have identified a range of new chemicals with potent anti-malarial properties that could lead to new treatments for the disease. The compounds block a molecular salt pump at the surface of the parasite, causing it to swell and burst.
Researchers have uncovered a mechanism that explains why many ALS drugs fail as the disease progresses: the brain's pumps become more active and remove both toxins and medicine. Blocking these pumps improves drug efficacy in mouse models.
A phase I clinical trial has demonstrated that ASP8273 causes tumour shrinkage in patients with treatment-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have both the EGFR and T790M mutations. The overall response rate is 78%, comparable to other drugs in development.
Researchers found galeterone to be effective in lowering PSA levels and stabilizing disease in patients with CRPC. The drug showed promising activity against the AR-V7 variant, a mechanism of resistance in this disease.
Researchers at EPFL have identified an alternative part of Abl-kinase on which drugs can bind with reduced risk of drug resistance. This new approach may overcome the problem of tumor drug resistance, offering a potential treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital describe a new screening platform that combines genetic and pharmacologic screening of tumors, enabling truly individualized treatment regimens. The approach identifies previously unknown resistance mechanisms, several of which were not detectable by gene sequencing alone.
Researchers found that simple text messages can help patients complete their full malaria medication regimen, boosting rates of treatment completion and reducing the risk of drug-resistant diseases. The study used SMS reminders in Ghana and showed a significant impact on treatment adherence.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a mechanism for cancer cells to become resistant to chemotherapy, which may lead to a new approach to treating cancer. The study found that variations in breast cancer cells' RNA enable the cancer to evolve and adapt more quickly than previously thought.
The American Academy of Neurology states that the risk of death, overdose, addiction, or serious side effects from prescription opioids exceeds their benefits in treating chronic, non-cancerous conditions. The AAN recommends safer prescribing practices to minimize risks.
The IMPRESS trial found that continued gefitinib therapy after resistance development in lung cancer did not improve progression-free survival. Chemotherapy alone remains the standard treatment for patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers propose epigenetic drugs to treat cancer resistance and relapse by modifying gene expression. Studies suggest epigenetic changes contribute to cancer progenitor cell formation, drug resistance, and relapse.
A group of researchers recommend applying evolutionary biology to combat modern threats, proposing gene therapies, drought-resistant crop varieties, and conservation strategies to protect land with high genetic diversity. This approach can help develop more robust solutions to societal problems and promote sustainable development.
A new study from Washington State University found that estrogen levels significantly increase tolerance to THC in female rats, making them more vulnerable to negative side effects. The research suggests that women are at higher risk of experiencing anxiety, paranoia, and addiction when using cannabis.
Patients with resistant hypertension have higher risks for cardiovascular events than those with non-resistant hypertension, with elevated risks mainly contributing to increasing stroke events. Subgroup analysis showed that resistant hypertension increased the risks of stroke in females by 35% and in elderly patients by 20%.
EPFL researchers developed a synthetic amino acid that can impact 3D structure of bioactive peptides, enhancing their potency. The amino acid, similar to cysteine, forms bridges influencing overall structure and function of peptides and proteins.
Experts say 14th century Venice's response to the plague holds lessons on how to mitigate the consequences of today's emerging threats. The city's use of resilience management, including physical movement management and quarantine measures, can inform strategies for dealing with highly infectious diseases like Ebola.
Resistant hypertension is a condition affecting 20% of Canadian adults with high blood pressure, characterized by elevated blood pressure despite treatment. Structured approaches, including medication optimization and lifestyle modifications, are recommended for effective management.
A strong association has been found between severe untreated obstructive sleep apnea and the risk of elevated blood pressure despite aggressive medication use. The odds of resistant elevated blood pressure were four times higher in participants with severe sleep apnea.
Researchers developed a new computational method to study disease-causing genes, starting with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The method allowed for the prediction of protein functions and revealed the role of EXP1 in detoxifying metabolic byproducts and drug susceptibility.