Articles tagged with Drug Resistance
Researchers have discovered novel compounds that fine-tune the activity of cells' protein-disposing machinery, which can help target solid tumors. These 'allosteric regulators' show promise as anti-cancer therapies without inducing drug resistance.
Recent study found that 35% of H7N9 viruses are resistant to oseltamivir and zanamivir due to a faulty enzyme-based test. Gene-based surveillance techniques can detect these resistant strains, which could spread if not treated properly.
A collaborative EU-funded project aims to discover and develop novel antifungal drugs to combat drug-resistant fungal infections, which kill two million people annually. The NOFUN project brings together partners to accelerate development of broad-spectrum antifungal agents with new modes of action.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have found that Eylea can effectively treat wet AMD patients who were previously unresponsive to Avastin and Lucentis. After three monthly injections, half of the eyes treated with Eylea showed reduced fluid accumulation, while one in five experienced improved vision.
A new anti-tuberculosis compound has shown powerful activity against ordinary active TB bacteria, non-replicating TB bacteria, and extensively drug-resistant strains. The compound works in two different ways, targeting TB replication and dormancy, and shows no toxicity or adverse side effects.
A new drug called pyrvinium pamoate inhibits aggressive prostate cancer resistant to standard drugs by binding to a different site on the AR and inhibiting its activity without preventing androgen binding. This unique mechanism of action has the potential to treat cancers resistant to currently approved therapies.
Researchers have found that bazedoxifene can stop the growth of breast cancer cells, including those with resistance to current targeted therapies. The study suggests that bazedoxifene's unique mechanism of action may make it a viable treatment option for patients with advanced breast cancer.
A study shows that bazedoxifene, an approved osteoporosis drug, inhibits estrogen-induced gene expression and cell proliferation in breast cancer cells. The medication also reduced estrogen activity and estrogen receptor levels in cultured human breast cancer cells.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered a way to overcome drug resistance in melanoma by combining anticancer therapies with diabetes drugs. By sensitizing resistant cells, the combined therapy can destroy a subset of drug-resistant cells within a tumor.
A global assessment of genetically modified crops reveals why some pests have adapted to Bt proteins in a few years, while others resisted for over 15 years. The study found conditions favoring sustained efficacy include rare resistance genes and abundant refuges.
Researchers have characterized the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4B toxin as highly toxic against Anopheles gambiae, a principal vector of malaria. The study demonstrates that Cry4B can kill even Permethrin-resistant mosquito larvae, providing an environmentally safe approach to controlling malaria.
Researchers Brian Druker and Charles Sawyers developed imatinib, a widely used drug targeting cancer cells, transforming chronic myeloid leukemia from fatal to manageable. Their work inspired the pharmaceutical industry and future physician-scientists.
The Duke Clinical Research Institute is part of a $62 million NIH-funded initiative to combat antibiotic resistance. Researchers will focus on developing new treatments for MRSA and E. coli, improving diagnostics, and stewardship practices. The goal is to reduce the reliance on antibiotics and improve patient care.
A subset of metastatic colorectal cancers responds to anti-EGFR drugs but develops resistance within months. The study found that MET gene amplification drives this resistance, and a blood test can detect its presence prior to relapse.
Researchers have developed a new agent that targets the NS5B replicase protein, disabling HCV replication and evading resistance. The aptamers inhibited diverse genotypes of HCV without causing toxicity or immune response.
A new study by the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found a significant increase in unintentional ingestions of marijuana by children since Colorado's drug laws modification in 2009. The number of children treated for exposure to marijuana increased from zero before 2009 to 588 after October 1, 2009.
A team of Duke researchers has discovered a previously unknown molecular network that regulates cell death and contributes to breast cancer drug resistance. The study found that high levels of the protein MDM2 block cell death signals, leading to drug resistance in breast cancer cells treated with lapatinib.
A study found that ATP11B expression is correlated with higher tumor grade and cisplatin-resistance in human ovarian cancer samples. Loss of ATP11B restored sensitivity to cisplatin and reduced ovarian tumor growth in mice.
Researchers have identified the molecular mechanisms behind two rare diseases: giant axonal neuropathy and ovarian cancer. In GAN, mutations in gigaxonin disrupt neural protein degradation, leading to neurofilament accumulation. Meanwhile, ATP11B facilitates cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by mediating platinum export.
Sanofi launches large-scale production of partially synthetic artemisinin, a breakthrough in synthetic biology. The drug, developed by Professor Jay Keasling's team, aims to provide stable supply and low cost for developing countries.
Researchers identify a unique mechanism by which glioblastoma cells develop resistance to EGFR-targeting drugs by hijacking the signaling of PDGFRβ. Targeting both receptors simultaneously prevents resistance and suppresses tumors in laboratory models.
Researchers identified a new class of anti-malarial compounds, 4-(1 H )-quinolone-3-diarylethers, derived from endochin, which effectively treats malaria in birds. The compounds demonstrated strong activity against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, the parasites responsible for most human cases of malaria.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have developed a new drug called ELQ-300 that shows great promise in treating and preventing malaria. The drug targets the parasite earlier than existing treatments, making it potentially more effective and requiring fewer doses.
James Mier's research focuses on tumor angiogenesis in renal cell carcinomas and overcoming resistance to VEGF inhibition. He aims to block the dual-survival strategy of kidney cancer using HDM2 inhibitors and VEGF-targeted drugs.
A recent study by the European Association of Urology has shown promising results for a combined vaccine and steroid drug therapy in treating chemotherapy-naive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The therapy, which involves multi-peptide vaccination therapy with low-dose dexamethasone, has been shown to significantly improve ...
A Dutch study found that abiraterone can block androgen receptor activation directly, in addition to inhibiting CYP17A1 activity. This suggests a new mechanism of action for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer.
A new paper highlights how political conflict can lead to disrupted treatment, promoting resistance to antiretroviral drugs and treatment failure. The authors call for further research and planning to mitigate the effects of treatment interruption in strife-prone nations with high rates of HIV infection.
A multi-site study led by a Miriam Hospital researcher reveals that treatment-experienced HIV patients can safely achieve viral suppression without incorporating the traditional class of HIV medications into their treatment regimen. This new approach could change treatment guidelines, lessen side effects, and increase adherence rates.
A study published in PLOS Medicine reveals that resistance to first line anti-malarial drugs is increasing on the Thai-Myanmar border, with a significant impact on the migrant population. The authors found that alternative treatments are urgently needed to replace the failing regimen.
New research reveals that antibiotic-resistant Staph bacteria exhibit a seasonal pattern, with community-associated strains more likely to infect children during the summer months. In contrast, healthcare-associated strains are more prevalent among seniors during the winter months.
Researchers discovered a molecular mechanism that makes glioblastoma resistant to mTOR inhibitors, leading to the development of a new treatment approach. The novel combination therapy combines an mTOR inhibitor with low-dose arsenic to reverse resistance and induce tumor cell death.
Researchers found that superbugs like E. coli require a balance between two proteins, RbfA and KsgA, to produce proteins. Disrupting this balance could potentially kill the bacteria without harming humans.
Researchers have developed a new antiviral drug that prevents flu viruses from removing sugars on cell surfaces, blocking infection. The drug is effective against resistant strains and may also protect against future variants.
A new class of influenza drug has been shown to prevent the flu virus from spreading and successfully treat mice with lethal strains. The drug works by attaching itself to the virus's molecular machinery, rendering it useless.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center review found that resistant starch kills pre-cancerous cells and reduces inflammation, promoting the growth of good bugs in the bowel. Consuming resistant starch, found in legumes, green bananas, and starchy products, may also have implications for breast cancer prevention.
Researchers have found that immature malaria parasites are significantly less sensitive to artemisinin-based drugs than mature ones. This discovery may lead to more effective treatments for malaria and a better understanding of how the parasite develops resistance to drugs.
A new centre will focus on lead optimisation for diseases of the developing world, including TB. The centre will create 11 new posts and receive a £6.5 million investment over five years.
TB infection rates are forecasted to surge as antibiotics become less effective against the disease. The lack of progress in combating TB is attributed to increasing drug resistance, reminiscent of the 1930s when dedicated sanitaria and invasive surgery were common treatments.
A gene called NEK2 promotes drug resistance in cancer, leading to faster growth and poorer patient outcomes. The finding may improve diagnostic and prognostic tools for cancer care.
Researchers found that drug-resistant melanoma tumors can be controlled by using an on-again, off-again treatment schedule. This approach may prolong the effectiveness of the drug for people with late-stage disease.
Researchers have discovered a new compound that restores health to mice infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The compound targets an enzyme essential for bacterial survival and has been shown to be highly active against MRSA in mice.
Researchers have identified a new drug target, 4'-Phosphopantetheinyl Transferase PptT, which is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth and survival. This discovery offers hope for the development of new TB treatments that can shorten treatment duration and combat drug-resistant strains.
A research team has developed a new whole-plant strategy to combat malarial drug resistance, utilizing Artemisia annua and potentially reducing treatment costs. The approach shows promise in treating malaria with a higher chance of success than current modes, offering a locally grown and processed option for fighting the disease.
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute and UMass have developed a whole plant therapy using Artemisia annua, delivering 40 times more artemisinin to the blood than purified artemisinin. This could significantly lower the cost of treating malaria and expand access to antimalarial therapy.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine is launching a study on drug-resistant malaria in Myanmar, using new genetic markers to track the spread of artemisinin-resistant malaria. The researchers aim to develop tests to identify and monitor the disease, which has caused significant treatment failures in Southeast Asia.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience found that male rats exposed to cocaine showed resistance to its rewarding effects when given the drug as adults, while their female offspring did not. The researchers believe that this may be due to changes in gene expression triggered by paternal exposure to cocaine.
A recent study found that true aspirin resistance is extremely rare, with no cases identified. However, coated aspirin may lead to a false diagnosis due to delayed absorption and coating effects.
Stephen Alexander, a University of Missouri professor, has been selected as an AAAS Fellow for his distinguished research on the molecular basis of drug resistance using model organisms. His work on glycosylation has provided important insights into cellular development and protein storage.
Researchers have found that dual-agent chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer arises from unique genetic changes, distinct from single-agent resistance. This discovery may lead to new strategies for overcoming resistance and improving treatment outcomes.
In a phase I trial, ponatinib showed promising results in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), particularly for patients with the T315I mutation. The drug achieved complete hematologic responses in all 12 patients and major cytogenetic responses in 67% of those with other mutations.
A study identified a biomarker that can predict responses to cancer drugs and offers a way to treat drug-resistant tumors. The researchers discovered that inhibition of MED12, a gene mutated in cancers, causes drug resistance by enhancing signaling through the TGF-beta receptor.
A new targeted drug, regorafenib, has demonstrated its ability to control metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in patients who have become resistant to all existing therapies. The treatment improved disease control and survival rates for nearly four months longer than placebo.
A diabetes drug initially used to treat insulin resistance has shown promise in improving cognitive performance in some people with Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that rosiglitazone enhanced learning and memory while normalizing insulin resistance by reducing the negative influence of Alzheimer's on brain-signaling molecules.
A team from the University of Manchester has identified a molecular biomarker that can predict which breast cancer patients are most likely to respond to tamoxifen treatment. The discovery could lead to more effective treatment options for patients who have not responded to traditional therapies.
The AMFm programme has improved access to affordable ACTs in eight countries, with over 155 million doses subsidised between 2010 and 2011. Market share of artemisinin monotherapies decreased in several countries, and private sector QAACT prices fell by up to 80%.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center investigated a novel combination of danusertib and bosutinib to overcome resistance in BCR-ABL gatekeeper mutation-specific disease. They found the synergy was not due to direct inhibition, but rather through the downstream MAPK signaling cascade and impaired activity of c-MYC gene regulator.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a synthetic enzyme that stabilizes drug molecules, making them resistant to breakdown by the human liver. This approach could lead to improved existing drugs and easier production of radioactive tracer versions for medical imaging.
Scientists have observed that chloroquine is once again effective in combating malaria parasites, particularly in Senegal and other African countries. This development could lead to more affordable treatment options for millions of people in Africa, with the current treatment costing twice as much as chloroquine.
Researchers discovered polymorphisms in HIV-1 that improve resistance to drugs, even without the medication. This finding has significant implications for treating HIV-1 infection, as it suggests newly infected individuals can be drug-resistant before treatment.
A phase I/II study found that combining dabrafenib and trametinib delayed the development of treatment resistance in melanoma patients. The combination was at least twice as effective as BRAF inhibition alone, with significant delays in resistance emergence.