Articles tagged with Drug Targets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered a potential way to prevent long-lasting brain damage in newborn children by targeting the histamine H2 receptor. A protein known as the histamine H2 receptor inhibits the formation of mature oligodendrocytes, leading to improved recovery from hypoxia-ischemia in mice treated with cimetidine.
Recent advances in nonhormone therapy provide women with more options for managing hot flashes. The new treatments target the KNDy neuron complex, which is activated during menopause, resulting in hot flashes. These innovations include drugs developed for pain control and mood disorders acting via KNDy.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the biology of schistosomes, a parasitic flatworm that causes schistosomiasis. By identifying key vulnerabilities, scientists hope to develop new treatments for this deadly disease, which affects up to 250,000 people annually.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a method to examine proteins in keen detail, using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and innovative microscopy techniques. This new technique resolves single molecules, including proteins, with high sensitivity.
Researchers have developed a comprehensive analysis pipeline using genetic prediction of protein levels to prioritize drug targets. This approach has quantified the potential for reducing drug development failure rates and could help identify novel drug targets.
A study analyzing nearly 900 kidney cancer patients identified novel biomarkers and gene signatures associated with treatment response. These findings could help personalize treatments for patients based on their individual tumor characteristics.
A new algorithm called Ohm predicts allosteric sites in proteins using their structure, which can aid in protein engineering and drug design. The tool may help reduce unintended side effects caused by drugs targeting similar proteins.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that JAK inhibitors improved developmental milestones in patients with AGS, a rare genetic disorder. The treatment showed promise in improving neurological function, particularly in children who received higher doses.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered that senolytic drugs can rejuvenate older organs, reducing inflammation and improving survival rates. The study suggests that these drugs could help close the gap between organ demand and supply, benefiting patients on transplant waitlists.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed a new equation to describe the activity of enzyme cascades in cells. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of how enzymes control cellular signaling and potentially improve drug development for cancer treatment.
Researchers successfully inhibited the P2X4 receptor, which plays a significant role in post-stroke damage and recovery. The study shows that short-term inhibition of this receptor can regulate immune cell activation and improve both acute and chronic stroke recovery.
Biomedical scientists have discovered that diethylcarbamazine directly targets parasitic worms with a temporary paralysis, allowing the host's body to flush out the parasites. This breakthrough could lead to better predictability of resistance development and more effective treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers at the University of Chicago used computational analysis to identify ebselen as a potential treatment for COVID-19. The study found that ebselen can decrease Mpro's activity in two different ways, making it a promising lead for developing new therapeutic strategies against the virus.
Researchers propose a treatment paradigm targeting leukotrienes, which play a key role in severe COVID-19 cases. The proposed combination of zileuton and montelukast could help reduce inflammation and prevent pulmonary edema.
A new study suggests that repurposing cancer drugs to target human enzymes could lead to effective treatments for COVID-19, while reducing the risk of drug resistance. This approach has the potential to save years of research and millions of dollars in development costs.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys aim to develop new therapies for schizophrenia, depression, anxiety and substance abuse by identifying potential drug targets in 'orphan' receptors. The team has created an innovative platform called LIFT to screen small molecules and validate these receptors as bonafide drug targets.
Researchers found that beta2-adrenergic receptors in brown fat cells stimulate thermogenesis, a process that burns calories and improves insulin sensitivity. The discovery could lead to new treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at UNH identified rare base-flipping events in an RNA virus that could be used to develop new treatments. The study provides insights into how viral RNAs interact with inhibitors, which could lead to the design of better drugs.
A new study has pinpointed the specific brain cells responsible for triggering sugar cravings and overconsumption. The research, led by Matthew Potthoff and Matthew Gillum, reveals that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) acts on glutamatergic neurons to lower sugar intake and sweet taste preference.
UQ researchers have solved a 50-year-old enzyme mystery, revealing the complete structure of an essential amino acid synthesizing enzyme. This discovery could lead to the development of new herbicides and antimicrobial agents, potentially restoring effective treatment options for infections such as tuberculosis and invasive Candida.
A team of researchers has discovered a new role for a tiny linker in regulating transmembrane ion channels, which could lead to new targets for drugs and treatment in conditions such as hypertension and autism. The study found that the linker plays a more active sensing role than previously thought.
Researchers found that hyperactive immune cells aggravate heart valve disease by activating harmful inflammation due to shear stress. The study identified a potential drug target, Piezo-1, and showed that replacing the aortic valve has an anti-inflammatory effect.
UTEP research reveals a new target for tuberculosis drug development by investigating the mechanisms of Mtb pathogenesis and discovering that Nα-acetylation of EsxA drastically affects the course of infection. The study provides a beautiful story in the prestigious Journal of Biological Chemistry.
Researchers identified seven clinically approved antiviral drugs that could disrupt the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 replication and infection. These drugs target kinases, which are potential targets for treating COVID-19, and may alleviate exaggerated inflammatory symptoms.
Scientists discovered a cell signaling pathway that could lead to new treatments for tuberous sclerosis complex, a neurological disorder causing non-cancerous tumors and epilepsy. The heat shock protein cascade restored normal mTOR activity in TSC cells, offering potential drug targets.
A new class of precision medicine targeting cancer's ability to repair its DNA has shown promising results, with half of patients experiencing tumor growth halt. The drug works by stopping cancers from repairing DNA damage and is particularly effective when combined with chemotherapy.
Researchers have found that certain cancer therapeutics concentrate within cells' tiny functional compartments called organelles, known as condensates. This discovery could lead to a new toolset for drug development by tailoring chemicals to seek out and concentrate in specific droplets.
Researchers have gained detailed insights into how a key protein receptor interacts with GABA, providing a clear target for new therapeutic drugs. The study's findings offer promise for improved treatments of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and muscle spasticity.
A study compares the effective magnetic moments of different multicore nanoparticle systems, showing they are magnetic-field dependent. The findings are important for optimizing magnetic nanoparticles for various applications, including magnetic hyperthermia and targeted drug delivery.
A new technology has been developed to rapidly create homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that target specific sites on cancer cells. The USC team's approach offers improved efficiency and potential enhanced stability, effectiveness, and safety compared to current methods.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified a key target for ketamine: specific serotonin receptors in the brain. The study found that low doses of ketamine increase the number of these receptors, reducing the release of serotonin and increasing dopamine levels.
A recent study provides a comprehensive review of COVID-19 clinical findings, highlighting key immunological factors underlying the disease progression. The research proposes repurposing approved and available drugs to treat COVID-19, targeting entry into host cells, replication, and lung function.
Researchers propose target trials to gather human drug exposure data for pregnant people, offering a basis for causal inference. Genomic data and organ-on-a-chip technologies will help validate results, making this a valid and ethical workflow for large-scale drug screening.
Recent genome-wide association studies identify genetic variants associated with schizophrenia, promising new treatments targeting the underlying biology and pathophysiology of the disorder. Researchers review efforts to bridge the gap between genetic findings and innovative treatments.
Jan Kubanek's new procedure uses high-frequency sound waves to alter brain state, treating mental disorders and neurological conditions. The non-invasive treatment shows promise in targeting individual neural circuits for personalized therapy.
A new predictor for brain cancer patients' life expectancy has been developed using a genome-wide pattern of DNA copy numbers. The pattern identifies patients who survive for a median of three years, three times longer than those without it.
A team of researchers argues that repurposing existing medicines for COVID-19 treatment could be a rapid alternative to vaccine development. The focus is on targeting key proteins on cell surfaces, such as ACE2 and TMPRSS2, with approved or clinical trial drugs like remdesivir.
A study published in Nature Communications identified an activating somatic mutation in the mTOR gene as a common cause of chronic GvHD. The mutation was found in 2.2% of chronic GvHD patients but not in healthy blood donors, suggesting a potential target for individualized treatments.
A new study found that South Dakota's 24/7 Sobriety Program significantly lowers the likelihood of rearrest or probation revocation among drunk driving offenders, particularly those with a history of second or third offenses. The program's frequent alcohol testing and swift sanctions appear to be key factors in reducing recidivism rates.
A clinical trial found that a breast cancer drug called olaparib is more effective than targeted hormone therapy at keeping advanced prostate cancer in check. The study showed significant delays in disease progression for men with faulty DNA repair genes.
Researchers found that FDA-approved drugs Betaxolol and Pravastatin can increase muscle strength in mouse models of DMD by stimulating utrophin production. This approach could lead to novel therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, potentially offering advantages over traditional gene replacement methods.
A new study suggests that interventions targeting biological, social, environmental and mental health obstacles are most effective in helping individuals overcome non-medical drug use. For alcohol addiction, simple interventions focusing on alcohol use yield the best results.
A USC-led team of scientists has discovered the precise shape of the melanocortin 4 receptor, a key player in human metabolism. The findings could lead to more effective therapies for obesity and other metabolic diseases, which affect millions worldwide.
New research on the structure of HIV has revealed a promising novel drug target that can prevent further infection by targeting the genetic code. This discovery offers hope for more effective treatments and potentially fewer side effects for HIV patients.
A new study confirms that ethambutol, a key TB drug, targets specific proteins in the bacteria. Researchers used cryogenic electron microscopy and x-ray imaging to show how the drug binds to and inactivates these proteins, producing crucial components of the TB cell wall.
A case series of lung cancer patients taking osimertinib (Tagrisso) revealed a rare twist in the right side of their colon, cecal volvulus. Doctors using this drug with EGFR+ non-small cell lung cancer patients should watch for these cases alongside more expected side effects.
Scientists at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered a protein called Meis1 that works with Hoxb13 to stop heart cell division, but deleting both genes can help heart cells regenerate. This finding could lead to new treatments for heart failure and other conditions.
A recent study published in Nature Cancer has revealed a critical pathway that regulates the production of PD-L1, a protein used by cancer cells to evade the immune system. By targeting this pathway, researchers hope to develop more effective cancer immunotherapies.
Researchers discovered that T cells respond differently to immune signals based on their 'training', revealing a continuum of memory experience. This spectrum affects how fast a cell can respond and what signals it can respond to.
A new study identifies key genes driving fibrolamellar carcinoma, a rare and deadly liver cancer. Researchers developed a cell model to test combination therapy strategies, including inhibitors of genes SLC16A14 and CA12, which showed promising results in killing tumor cells.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have discovered the structure of adhesive pili in Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major bacterial pathogen causing gum disease. The study sheds light on how these pili assemble and provides insights into combating diseases associated with P. gingivalis.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered a lipid gradient in tears that helps form and maintain the tear film's inner liquid layer and outer lipid layer. This finding could lead to new treatments for dry eye disease by targeting the lipid layer.
Researchers found that a key TB antibiotic can't irreversibly inhibit an enzyme, instead allowing it to function again through hydrolysis. This discovery could lead to the development of improved versions of the drug and new treatments for antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The new drug Ru-Pt combines cisplatin, phenylbutyrate, and a PDT drug into one compound, increasing the chances of killing all cancer cells. It shows significant efficiency in killing cancer cells and has a ten times higher efficiency for drug-resistant cell lines than single reagents.
Researchers found that Aspergillus molds attack the lung's epithelial cells, causing a leaky barrier and triggering an overreaction to future mold exposure. The TRPV4-calcium pathway plays a key role in this response, suggesting new avenues for preventing asthma.
Researchers uncovered how approximately 80% of screened cytotoxic compounds rely on solute carriers for activity, providing insights into drug mechanisms and SLC biology. The study also highlights the need for systematic surveys of transporter-drug relationships to develop more effective precision therapies.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that microglia can both protect and damage the blood-brain barrier, depending on the level of systemic inflammation. The researchers used fluorescent labeling and two-photon imaging to study the interactions between microglia and the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers found 31 broad-spectrum antiviral agents that could be used to treat and prevent COVID-19. These existing drugs have already been shown to be safe for human use and may offer a faster alternative to developing new treatments.
A breakthrough discovery by Trinity College Dublin researchers identifies Caspase-11 as a key driver of allergic inflammation in asthma. This finding holds great promise for developing new therapeutic options to treat the debilitating disease.
The discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 systems has revolutionized pharmaceutical research by allowing for industrial-scale gene editing and functional genomic screening. This enables the identification of new biological targets for precision medicines and the exploration of mechanisms of drug resistance and sensitivity ahead of clinical trials.