Articles tagged with Drug Targets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at NCATS and NIDCR report a new strategy to alleviate chronic itch by blocking a receptor found on spinal cord neurons. They identified approximately 1,400 compounds worth examining more closely, with 15 showing promise in halting both human and mouse versions of the receptor.
Researchers characterized the interaction between potentiators and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein at atomic resolution. The study found that two distinct compounds act on the same region of CFTR, pointing to strategies for developing more effective drugs.
A new study from King's College London found that GP antibiotic prescribing has decreased overall, but at a slower rate for older patients and those with unclear diagnoses. The study analyzed data from 102 general practices in England from 2014 to 2017 and showed a 6.9% decline in total antibiotic prescribing per year.
A study of 17,018 individuals with autoimmune diseases found a twofold increased risk of developing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis after treatment with etanercept. This association suggests that anti-TNFα agents may provoke inflammatory bowel disease through common immune dysregulation mechanisms.
MIT researchers have created a novel way to encapsulate islet cells, which they are developing as a possible treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes. The crystallized drug formulation prevents immune system rejection and allows the device to function for more than a year.
Researchers review advances in biochip technology, which is driving groundbreaking discoveries in biology and medicine. Biochips are being applied to real-world settings, enabling single-cell analysis and preprocessing for high-throughput sequencing.
Researchers have found an enzyme in the body that metabolizes compounds from tobacco smoke, alcohol, and certain foods into chemicals that trigger Parkinson's disease. Mitochondrial CYP2D6 is a promising new target for treating idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Scientists have created a detailed anatomical map of the respiratory airways, producing the first draft Human Cell Atlas of the lung. The study revealed an entirely new cell state that produces mucus in asthma patients, and large differences between normal and asthmatic lungs.
A UC Riverside-led study reveals that overactive endocannabinoid signaling in the gut blocks satiation signals, leading to overeating and obesity. Researchers hope to develop drugs targeting these receptors to address obesity.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a DNA-encoded chemical library of over one million macrocycles, which can be used to identify new medicines. The library is rich in diversity and includes elements commonly found in natural biologically active macrocycles.
A clinical trial found that teplizumab, an immunotherapy drug, can delay the onset of type 1 diabetes in people at high risk. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed a median delay of two years in children and adults.
A UCLA-led research team has pinpointed a three-drug combination that can effectively treat advanced melanoma. The approach shows promise for extending the lives of people with BRAF V600E mutated melanoma, with progression-free survival lasting an average of 16 months.
The world's protected areas are failing to conserve biodiversity due to inadequate resources, with only 4-9% of species represented within adequately resourced PAs. The study recommends using simple indicators to measure PA effectiveness and prioritizing conservation actions to address the growing biodiversity crisis.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have identified a new internal regulator that helps control the body's response to fight infection. The discovery has the potential to help find new drugs to tackle autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and scleroderma, by suppressing the immune system.
Seven cutting-edge research projects have been awarded grants to tackle pancreatic cancer, with a focus on early diagnosis, potential new treatments, and understanding immunotherapy's limitations.
Researchers used genetically modified fruit flies to test candidate treatments for a patient with KRAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. The approach identified trametinib plus zoledronate as a promising combination that prolonged survival and reduced targeted tumors.
The June cover of SLAS Discovery features an article on the benefits of open sharing of compounds in drug discovery. By leveraging pooled knowledge, dark proteins have emerged as potential drug targets, offering a promising approach to exploring new medicines.
A new approach to targeting cancer cells has been developed by UC Riverside researchers, who have found that drugs targeting other amino acids like lysine and tyrosine can be more effective. The study provides novel avenues for deriving potent and selective PPI antagonists
Researchers have identified a promising therapeutic target for metastatic prostate cancer by inhibiting the PHLPP2 protein, which stabilizes the oncogenic protein MYC. This finding has implications for treating other cancers driven by MYC and could lead to efficient new drugs.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have uncovered a critical mechanism that enables segmented RNA viruses to replicate and survive. The discovery provides new potential targets for the development of antiviral drugs, which could help combat emerging and fatal viruses such as Lassa fever and Rift Valley fever.
A study found that patients taking newer, targeted biologics for psoriasis have a decreased risk of serious infection compared to older medications. The researchers analyzed large insurance claims databases and found that certain biologics like apremilast, etanercept, and ustekinumab had a lower risk of infection.
Researchers have identified 18 unique cell populations in RA joint tissue, including a fibroblast subset that produces pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. COX inhibitors like NSAIDs also alter these macrophages, but not TNF responses, suggesting new treatment approaches may be needed.
A new computational framework has compared four rheumatoid arthritis medications' impact on biological pathways in mice, revealing previously unknown differences in gene expression. The study suggests that some treatments may affect non-arthritis-related genes, providing new insights into arthritis pathology mechanisms.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes reveal acetylation and phosphorylation tag-team to guide RNA polymerase through transcription steps. This regulation enables cells to efficiently coordinate gene expression and respond to external stimuli.
The pharmaceutical industry is embracing continuous manufacturing processes, offering reduced costs, factory space, and processing time. Companies like Janssen, Eli Lilly, and Pfizer have received approvals for drugs produced by continuous processes, paving the way for more complex chemistries.
Researchers found that resting state of signaling proteins are highly mobile and dynamic, affecting how they respond to drugs. This new understanding may explain previous disappointments in drug development for neurological diseases.
Researchers identified insulin as a primary signal that helps communicate meal timing to the body clock, driving daily physiological rhythms. This discovery could lead to new therapies targeting insulin signaling and emphasize the importance of meal timing for maintaining healthy body clocks.
A team of scientists has identified 104 high-risk genes for schizophrenia, which may lead to the development of targeted treatments. The study's framework could also help track down genetic suspects in other complex diseases.
A researcher at the University of Texas at Arlington has received a four-year grant to investigate protein regulation in programmed cell death. Understanding how these proteins are regulated could lead to drugs targeting specific cancer cells.
Researchers report a link between methamphetamine self-administration and imbalance of brain circuits responsible for addiction. Noninvasive brain stimulation may help control compulsive drug use in humans by targeting these circuit imbalances.
Researchers combined CRISPR with drug discovery to understand how AML treatment works and which weaknesses can be exploited. The study revealed that LSD1-GFI1B relationship is critical for AML survival, enabling more targeted treatments.
A new international protected area target is necessary to effectively conserve biodiversity, according to a study published in Science. The current target has led to perverse outcomes, with nations unable to account for real progress.
Researchers used CRISPR technology to disrupt every gene in over 300 cancer models from 30 cancer types, discovering thousands of key genes essential for cancer's survival. The team developed a system to prioritize and rank 600 drug targets promising for development into targeted cancer treatments.
A new cellular mechanism for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been identified, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the RNA degradation pathway. Researchers also found that an asthma drug called Tranilast could potentially rescue cells and fruit flies from C9orf72-induced neurotoxicity.
Hepatitis C transmissions in high-income countries could be reduced by up to 79%, with lower rates in low- and middle-income nations. New antiviral treatments have become available, but widespread adoption of prevention measures is crucial for meeting the World Health Organization's elimination targets.
Researchers have captured the full-length structure of PDE6, an enzyme linked to vision problems and potential side effects from erectile dysfunction medications like sildenafil. The study reveals fish-hook-like regions that could be targeted for new inhibitors.
A recent study in animal models of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) has identified an experimental drug that effectively destroys DIPG cells by depleting cellular cholesterol. The researchers also found that the compound works by directly inhibiting lanosterol synthase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol production.
A new UK-based study reveals that alcohol, cannabis, MDMA, and cocaine are the most commonly combined with sex. The research found that people of all genders and sexual orientations engage in substance-linked sex, but gay and bisexual men are more likely to do so.
Researchers develop drugs targeting specific component of folate pathway, potentially addressing drug resistance and treatment time. The compounds are more effective than existing antifolate medication PAS, offering hope for new treatment options.
A team of researchers has identified a 'druggable' mechanism for pathological tau protein aggregation, which could lead to new treatment options for devastating neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery focuses on the RASD2 gene and its potential as a target for farnesyl transferase inhibitors.
Despite advancements in disease research, neglected tropical diseases and others continue to require attention, with only a small proportion of new drugs addressing these conditions. Novel treatments like bedaquiline and tafenoquine offer hope, but much work remains to be done.
A new test for identifying how single bacteria react to antibiotics could help slow down antibiotic resistance by targeting the right treatments more quickly. The test, which can analyze hundreds of bacteria at once, examines multiple properties and detects the signature of each bacterium in one hour.
A novel machine-learning model uses artificial neural networks to analyze protein sequence data, providing detailed information on protein structure, function and evolutionary features. The model can be used to design new proteins with desired functions and predict the future sequence evolution of proteins in living organisms.
Researchers have discovered a potential new drug that can minimize heart muscle death caused by stress signals after a heart attack. The treatment, targeting protein MAP4K4, reduced damage by 60% in mice and has the potential to be developed into an injection for routine clinical use.
Researchers have found a pair of old drugs that can disrupt disease-causing pathways in triple negative breast cancer. Metformin and heme, previously used to treat diabetes and porphyria, were tested in mice and produced encouraging results when combined.
Researchers identified S15 as a major immune suppressor in B7-H1-negative tumors resistant to current anti-PD therapies. A first-in-human Phase 1/2 clinical trial is underway for NC318, a monoclonal antibody targeting S15.
Researchers developed 13 bioluminescence sensors to measure intracellular signaling pathways and detect pharmaceutical action. The biosensors provide a complete answer, or 'signaling profile,' allowing for more accurate drug testing and development.
Researchers have successfully determined the crystal structure of the human type 2 cannabinoid receptor, enabling the design of more efficient drugs targeting this receptor or both CB1 and CB2 receptors.
A new injectable bone healing drug has been developed to accelerate fracture healing by 50% and reduce recovery times. The technology, licensed through Purdue University's Research Foundation, has shown promising results in preclinical studies and is expected to transform treatment for broken bones.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a method to screen hundreds of drugs in patients' own cells, creating miniature tumor organoids. This approach can help identify effective treatments for rare and hard-to-treat cancers, and could guide treatment decisions.
Researchers found patients born without a CCR5 gene recover better from mild stroke than those with the gene. Maraviroc, a drug blocking CCR5, accelerated recovery in mice and boosted motor skills, language, and sensory function.
Researchers have developed a new approach to create enzyme-responsive nanostructures that can sense overexpression of MMP-9, helping diagnose cancer and autoimmune diseases. The design guidance enables the creation of smart-drug delivery vehicles with precisely tunable properties.
A research team at the Medical University of South Carolina has discovered a novel binding site for E1 inhibitors, which could lead to the design of more efficient anti-cancer drugs. The study reveals a new mechanism for promoting drug design and specificity.
A new medicine under development, vamorolone, shows improved safety in treating both inflammation and heart disease in experimental models of DMD. This is significant because the current standard of care, prednisone, reduces chronic inflammation but has harsh side effects.
Researchers at OHSU discovered a gene linked to lower expression in primates who consumed heavy amounts of alcohol, which reduced consumption by almost 50% when increased in mice. The study highlights a novel target for treating alcoholism and mood disorders.
A study by MGH researchers reveals that brain tumors use existing blood vessels to resist anti-angiogenic drugs, leading to compression and stimulation of angiogenesis. The study suggests targeting vessel co-option before using anti-angiogenic drugs could be an effective strategy for glioblastoma treatment.
A first-in-human study demonstrated the ability of a new class of antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics to target the liver, resulting in improved potency and safety at therapeutic doses. The study showed that the conjugated drug was up to 30-fold more potent than the parent antisense oligonucleotide.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered two new genetic targets, APEX2 and FEN1, which show promise as potential treatments for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The study's findings suggest that inhibiting these enzymes could complement existing Parp inhibitors and address drug resistance in BRCA-driven cancer.
Researchers identified a new process capable of generating antibiotic resistance in bacteria up to 600 million years ago. The discovery highlights the need for combined multidrug treatments and reduced agricultural use of antibacterials.
A large-scale genetic study has uncovered 52 new genetic changes linked to osteoarthritis, which may help identify new treatment targets and repurpose existing medications. The study analyzed the genomes of over 77,000 people with osteoarthritis and found potential avenues for drug exploration.