The Penn team created an adhesive that mimics the snail's epiphragm, allowing for strong adhesion and easy reversibility. The breakthrough was achieved using a polymer called PHEMA, which conforms to small grooves on surfaces when wet, making it stick, and hardens into those cavities when dry, securing itself firmly.
A team of researchers delivered a therapeutic gene to the spinal canal of infant rhesus monkeys, resulting in sustained expression of the alpha-I-iduronidase enzyme. The study's findings suggest a promising approach for treating severe forms of neuropathic storage diseases.
A protective layer of epoxy resin helps prevent lead leakage from perovskite solar cells, outperforming rival materials under various weather conditions. The 'self-healing' property of the polymer limits lead release when damaged, making it a strong candidate for commercial viability.
Researchers found that higher education institutions with more prestige have narrowed the gender pay gap among their female presidents. At these top-ranked universities, women's total compensation often surpasses male counterparts', with some even earning more than men.
Under confined conditions, bubbles can form spheres as perfectly matched as droplets. The new findings have implications for biomedical research and understanding natural gas interactions with petroleum.
Carnegie Mellon University has been awarded a $2 million research initiative to develop technologies for robots to explore pits on the moon, which could provide access to shelter and resources. The project aims to mature the technologies necessary for a lunar mission by 2023.
Researchers propose a personalized model to study age-related cognitive decline, considering individual risk factors, genetic variants and lifestyle. The goal is to maintain brain health throughout the entire adult lifespan.
Agricultural pesticides reduced aquatic insect biodiversity but increased mosquito density, particularly for the pesticide-resistant Wyeomyia abebala. Pesticide use led to the loss of predators, allowing these mosquitoes to colonize habitats without competitors.
Scientists have discovered that re-purposing existing drugs or combining therapies may help treat patients with difficult-to-treat autoimmune diseases. The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found that fibroblasts play a critical role in the formation and maintenance of tertiary lymphoid structures.
The WASCAL project aims to address new research questions, further develop the research infrastructure, and train African scientists. The team will also create a data cube for satellite data and assess the effects of climate change on fires in West Africa.
Scientists have created a detailed anatomical map of the respiratory airways, producing the first draft Human Cell Atlas of the lung. The study revealed an entirely new cell state that produces mucus in asthma patients, and large differences between normal and asthmatic lungs.
Researchers developed a scaffold microrobot that precisely delivers cells to target tissues, increasing treatment safety and efficiency. The technology minimizes cell loss in the body and can be controlled wirelessly using an external magnetic field.
The study found that indoor tanning is often free at secondary facilities, especially apartments, and offers discounted rates at primary tanning salons. Marketing strategies like unlimited tanning packages and time-limited price reductions appeal to young adults.
A study by the University of Bristol found that dog owners' perceptions of effectiveness and confidence in using behaviour modification techniques are crucial in predicting their adoption of positive reinforcement-based solutions. Positive reinforcement-based techniques are humane and effective, while punishment-based methods can exace...
A hair-sized probe developed by scientists can measure key indicators of tissue damage deep in the lung, improving patient assessment and treatment. The technology offers fast, accurate measurements and flexibility to add more sensors, applicable to other body regions and inflammatory diseases.
A genetic study found that genes regulating iron metabolism are responsible for excess liver iron in populations of European ancestry. The research suggests a systemic and not organ-related problem, with implications for treatment and therapy.
A new study published in Public Money & Management suggests that interest-free loan schemes can help prevent homelessness and save local authorities money. The study, funded by the British Academy, details a £85,000 grant scheme in Lewisham, which has helped over 300 families escape eviction and saved the council £1 million.
Scientists warn that Antarctic species are at risk due to declining oxygen levels in the ocean, which could lead to extinction for larger marine invertebrates and fish. The study found that some species have evolved mechanisms to compensate for reduced oxygen, but many large species will likely be impacted by climate change.
The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) complicates data sharing in research, with participants' consent withdrawal rights and limited data retention posing challenges. Researchers advocate for GDPR-compliant repositories and adaptable funding policies to ensure safe data sharing.
Researchers at UVA are using machine learning algorithms on biopsy images to diagnose environmental enteric dysfunction, a disease that affects hundreds of thousands of children worldwide. The technology has the potential to provide insights that evade human eyes, validate pathologists' diagnoses and shorten treatment times.
The PREGCARE study provides personalized pre-conception risk evaluation for healthy couples with a child affected by a developmental disorder. The researchers aim to identify families at high risk of recurrence and provide accurate assessment of their chances of having an unaffected child.
Researchers have identified genes that can help chickens resist Newcastle disease, a major poultry pathogen affecting small flocks in low- to middle-income countries. The study found that certain breeds of chickens have innate resistance to the disease due to evolutionary adaptations.
The current Norwegian Barents Sea oil spill risk governance framework is inadequate for integrating multiple risk frames and knowledge systems. Social learning and collaborative knowledge production are essential for developing a shared understanding of the problem situation and solutions.
The research team has demonstrated an extended retention time for digital information without an increase in active power consumption. The new magnetic tunnel junction structure increases the interfacial magnetic anisotropy, leading to a high thermal stability factor.
A multicenter trial found that linagliptin reduced albuminuria but had no significant effect on eGFR or cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. The study also suggested that stratifying patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria could lead to better outcomes.
Researchers discovered that TPC1 ion channel contributes to plant excitability, enabling plants to respond to stressors. The study sheds light on plant communication and may lead to breeding more resilient crop varieties.
A study found that altering food order and offering substitutes lower in saturated fat can encourage healthier choices when shopping online. Participants who received these interventions chose products with less saturated fat than those with no intervention.
A new study by Concordia researchers found that parents with higher reading-related knowledge provide more praise and less criticism, helping their children's reading development. They also teach critical connections between graphemes and phonemes to aid in reading.
The US Department of Energy is investing $32 million to accelerate material design through supercomputers. Seven projects will develop open-source software for designing functional materials with various applications.
A study at EULAR 2019 found that RA patients with IBD and type I diabetes have higher rates of venous thromboembolism, epilepsy, and heart attacks compared to controls. These findings suggest that these conditions may be novel comorbidities for patients with RA.
Lillian Fritz-Laylin is a recipient of the Pew Scholars Program in Biomedical Sciences, which includes four years of funding to investigate complex mechanisms of biology. Her research focuses on understanding how cells deploy actin for various functions, with implications for disease prevention and progression.
An international team, led by Australian researchers, has published a first-of-its-kind study assessing the major drivers of global marine heatwaves. They found that known climate phenomena, such as El Niño and North Atlantic Oscillation, can increase the odds of marine heatwaves in other regions thousands of kilometres away.
Researchers at Kanazawa University found that electron beam irradiation improves the mechanical properties of short-carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The treatment strengthens and lengthens carbon fibers, reducing the negative effects of crosslinking and increasing recyclability.
A survey of over 900 RMD patients revealed that pain caused one in ten to have suicidal thoughts, highlighting the huge impact of pain on mental health. Poor sleep quality also had a negative influence on pain, with two thirds of patients rarely or never feeling fully rested.
Climate change connected and disconnected Andean sky islands over the past million years, according to a new mathematical model. The páramo habitat, with stunted shrubs and alpine plants adapted to high winds and cold temperatures, exists between the upper forest line and snowline.
The VITALE study found that high-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients, with a lower incidence of fractures in the high-dose group compared to the low-dose group. The treatment was well-tolerated with no increased risks of adverse effects.
The Pew Scholars Program in the Biomedical Sciences supports young researchers investigating connections between embryos and their mothers, tick-borne diseases, and sensory information processing. The program aims to drive significant scientific discoveries by investing in promising scientists at the beginning stages of their careers.
Researchers used satellite imagery to gather detailed information on earthquakes, including location, size of surface deformation, and proximity to population centers. This data improved analysis of earthquake impact and led to more accurate estimates of fatalities and economic losses.
The study reveals that high tunnels can increase yield, enhance shelf life, and improve crop quality, but also pose challenges such as added labor and time requirements. Farmers perceive the ability to differentiate products based on higher quality and premium pricing as a key attractive opportunity.
A study analyzed green industry firms' online marketing adoption rates, finding that smaller businesses invest more in online ads after initial hesitation. The investigation highlights the need for education programs to help green industry businesses integrate online advertising into daily operations.
Researchers used plug-and-play temperature controllers to create controlled-environment chambers from standard chest freezers, enabling the detailed observation of developmental rates in response to different temperatures. The study found a clear temperature-dependent effect on budbreak and seed germination, allowing for expanded resea...
A large pan-European survey found significant gaps in rheumatoid arthritis care, with 'diagnosis within six weeks' being the most concerning standard of care. The study highlights the need for improved care in essential aspects of rheumatoid arthritis care.
An international team of researchers investigated changes in egg predation on shorebird nests over the past 60 years, challenging a recent claim of increased predation in the Arctic. The study found little support for this hypothesis, instead attributing changes to shifts in research methods and biases in data analysis.
The Nephrology and Public Policy Committee (NPPC) has outlined a research plan to stimulate collaboration and grant applications in Europe. The plan focuses on addressing the global spread of kidney diseases, improving diagnostic tests, and enhancing patient care.
A new study published by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found that major currents in the North Atlantic do not directly cause changes in sea levels along the New England coast. Instead, both are controlled by variability in weather patterns over the North Atlantic, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation.
A new study suggests that increased levels of the protein sarcospan improve cardiac function by reinforcing cardiac cell membranes, which become feeble in patients with DMD. Sarcospan could also act as a scaffold that supports other essential proteins at the cell membrane.
Researchers at TUM and Max Planck Institute discovered quasiparticles that don't decay, but instead oscillate between decay and rebirth. This phenomenon explains unusual stability in materials like magnetic compounds and superfluid helium.
A research team has characterized a VQ gene family in strawberries, revealing its relationship to protein transcription factors that regulate stress response genes. This study provides valuable insights into the strawberry's defense mechanisms and opens up possibilities for genetic improvement.
An observational study found that human contact was responsible for 90% of the spread of one species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to new patients. However, the same level of transmission was not seen with another species, highlighting the need for multiple prevention strategies.
Researchers discovered a modified enzyme produced by fungus Trichoderma harzianum that increases glucose release from biomass for fermentation. The modified protein proved 300% more efficient than the wild-type enzyme in terms of glucose release, making it suitable for industrial application.
A new artificial nose technology helps neurosurgeons identify cancerous tissue during brain tumor surgery by analyzing surgical smoke. The system achieved an accuracy of 83% in classifying samples from brain tumors, with improved performance for low-malignancy tumours.
UC Riverside researchers identified two genes responsible for regulating plant greening through mutant plant experiments. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of photosynthesis and its control by the cell's nucleus and chloroplasts.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered a molecular pattern that flags prostate enlargement and identified two genes likely playing a role in its development. The researchers found that only certain cell types multiply, leading to a fundamental shift in the type of cells making up the prostate.
A study by Bielefeld University and New York University reveals that healthy adults systematically misattribute touch on the hands to the feet and vice versa. The researchers found that three characteristics of touch - limb identity, side of body, and canonical anatomical position - contribute to phantom sensations.
Researchers have identified a new family of bacteria, Deianiraeaceae, which belongs to the order Rickettsiales and exhibits a unique extracellular lifestyle as a predator. This discovery reveals a significant departure from previously known intracellular parasites.
The phase 2B study demonstrated superior efficacy of tildrakizumab versus placebo in patients with psoriatic arthritis, achieving high response rates for PASI 90 and ACR 50. The treatment was generally safe, with minor adverse events reported.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded research for 10 postdoctoral fellows from six Latin American countries to conduct studies in the US. The researchers aim to advance biomedical science and expand scientific expertise in their home countries.
Researchers have developed a two-step process to more efficiently break down carbohydrates into their single sugar components, producing bioethanol or biobutanol for use as fuel. The process produces about 30% more sugars than traditional methods and has the potential to commercialize green fuel production.
A team of researchers, led by Jennifer Brisson and Benjamin Parker, discovered genes from a densovirus that determine whether pea aphids produce winged or wingless offspring. The study sheds light on the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity in insects.
Researchers discovered that behavioral traits are highly heritable, explaining differences between breeds. The study analyzed data from over 6,000 cats representing three breeds: Maine Coon, Ragdoll, and Turkish Van.