Frontera, located at the University of Texas at Austin, achieved the highest scale and data analysis capabilities ever deployed at a university in the US. The system supports dozens of research teams aiming to solve massive computational problems, including climate simulations and machine learning-enabled cancer studies.
A San Diego State University study finds that lumping all Hispanic-Americans together masks the differences in cancer outcomes. The study reveals subtle and sometimes significant differences in cancer risk among Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Central and South American groups.
Research reveals social media has a detrimental effect on mental health in Indonesia, exacerbating envy and resentment due to high levels of inequality. The study calls for public health interventions to promote wise social media use and prevent increased mental illness.
A recent study by Maury Gittleman and Kristen Monaco suggests that automation will not eliminate most truck-driving jobs due to factors like non-driving tasks and segment-specific automation challenges. The researchers found that long-haul trucking is easier to automate than short-haul trucking.
Scientists at the University of York have identified two separate pathways for seeing 3D motion in the human brain, allowing people to perform tasks like catching a ball. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for lazy eye syndrome and improve virtual reality systems.
A team of scientists collected non-invasive samples from lynx in Turkey, revealing unexpectedly high genetic diversity and low inbreeding rates. Females stay within their birth territories while males disperse after separation from mothers.
Adults with coronary heart disease experience faster cognitive decline in long-term studies, according to researchers. Cognitive tests reveal significant differences in verbal memory, semantic fluency, and temporal orientation among patients with angina or heart attack.
Focusing sunlight onto a photothermally active membrane using lenses increases distilled water flux through the membrane by more than 50%. This breakthrough demonstrates the utility of exploiting focused sunlight in thermally and optically driven processes.
Researchers found that the early Sun's rotation rate and solar activity influenced the formation of the Moon, affecting sodium and potassium levels. The study suggests that space weather played a crucial role in shaping the solar system's evolution.
Researchers found that nilvadipine increased blood flow to the hippocampus, a region affected by Alzheimer's disease, without affecting other parts of the brain. The study suggests that this may slow down the progression of the disease, particularly in its early stages.
A study in CMAJ provides new insights into the decision-making processes of critical care physicians and families in withdrawing life-sustaining treatments from critically ill patients with severe brain injury. Key findings include the influence of patient circumstances, family wishes, severity and location of the injury, past physicia...
A research team created an artificially produced antibody fragment that successfully blocks the transport of antibiotics and chemotherapy agents out of cancer cells. By binding to a specific protein, the fragment prevented the protein from splitting ATP, thus stopping the transport process.
A retrospective cohort study found that patients who received opioids for the first time while hospitalized had double the risk of continuing to receive opioids for months after discharge. Researchers reviewed electronic health records of 191,249 hospital admissions and found that almost 6% of patients receiving opioids during their ho...
African-American menthol smokers are 12% less likely to quit due to the role of menthol flavoring in nicotine reinforcement. Banning menthol from tobacco products could help shift power back to communities affected by tobacco marketing and industry influence.
A new study found that cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) may improve heart function in certain groups of heart failure patients, particularly those with nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (NICD) and a QRS duration of more than 150 milliseconds. In these patients, CRT-D was associated with decreased...
Borrelia peptidoglycan, a component of the Lyme disease bacterium, is detected in patients' synovial fluid and stimulates proinflammatory cytokines. The finding suggests that Borrelia peptidoglycan contributes to inflammation in Lyme arthritis.
The study found that alternative grains such as millet, sorghum, and maize are more resilient to extreme weather, while rice experiences larger declines in yields. This suggests that diversifying India's crop production can help adapt to climate change and improve nutrition.
A study discovered that farm-like indoor microbiota protects children from asthma in urban homes, with a key characteristic being large abundance of outdoor environment bacteria. The presence of these beneficial microbes may help develop mechanisms protecting against asthma.
Researchers have trained beagles to identify lung cancer by scent with 97% accuracy, offering a potential solution for earlier detection. The dogs' abilities may lead to the development of an over-the-counter screening product, similar to a pregnancy test.
A new study found that supplementing cattle feed with seaweed reduces methane emissions by 80%, but its large-scale production and potential impact on animal health are unclear. The researchers suggest cultivating seaweed in aquaculture operations to meet the demand, but more research is needed to determine its long-term effectiveness.
Researchers found that IVC filter implantation prior to bariatric surgery is associated with higher rates of blood clots, pulmonary embolism, and prolonged hospital stays. Prophylactic IVC filters do not provide effective protection against post-surgical venous thromboembolism.
A new study by Brown University researchers found a 25% increase in fatal opioid overdoses after cold weather snaps compared to days with average temperatures of 52 degrees. The study suggests that agencies should consider scaling up harm-reduction efforts during periods of cold weather.
A new experimental system using reprogrammed neurons helps probe genetic and molecular underpinnings of drug-induced neurodevelopmental disorders. The research shows valproic acid causes severe impairments in immature brain cells, but no effects on mature neurons.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki and OIST have developed a novel method to create hybrid Au/Fe nanoparticles with unprecedented complexity. This breakthrough enables precise control over shape, size, and elemental composition, opening up new avenues for emerging applications.
A new cooling vest has been developed to help athletes cope with sweltering summer conditions, such as the 2020 Summer Olympics. The vest, designed by Hiroshima University and a Japanese sportswear company, features ice packs and a cooling collar that can reduce heart rate and body temperature.
Stanford researchers found that up to 80% of metastatic colorectal cancers have already spread to distant locations by the time the original tumor is clinically detectable. This discovery has implications for patient stratification and earlier detection of cancer.
Researchers at the University of Dundee have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the function of HOIL-1, a key protein involved in cell survival. The study reveals that HOIL-1 operates in tandem with another component to form ubiquitin chains, and joins proteins using an unusual ester bond mechanism.
A new time-banking system utilizing blockchain technology is being tested in Vanuatu to assess human value based on societal obligations and assisting others. The system aims to redefine the concept of work by prioritizing psychological, emotional, or spiritual needs over tangible benefits.
A study analyzing gene copy numbers in polar bears and brown bears reveals nearly 200 genes with significant variations, including those involved in olfactory receptors, salivary amylase, and fatty acid metabolism. These differences reflect dietary adaptations between the two species.
Researchers from University of Bristol and others found that GP inflammatory marker tests are not sensitive enough to rule out serious underlying conditions. The studies also revealed high rates of false positive results leading to unnecessary consultations and referrals.
A recent study by UMass Amherst researchers found that polar bears possess fewer copies of genes related to olfactory receptors and salivary amylase, adaptations that enable them to thrive on a fully carnivorous diet. This discovery sheds light on the genomic foundation of ecological adaptation in polar bear evolution.
Researchers identify barriers to trial accrual, including complexity in staying aware of available trials, identifying eligible patients, and enrolling them. The study suggests addressing these challenges through changes in trial-specific reimbursement and incentives for administrative costs.
A pre-clinical study led by Duke University Medical Center identified an enzyme in cells involved in regulating breast cancer growth and spread. Inhibiting this enzyme's activity allowed T-cells to mount an immune attack on cancer cells, potentially improving treatment outcomes for breast cancer patients.
A University of Queensland researcher has identified a potential solution to improve skier safety on snow-covered slopes by modifying the grooming patterns used at ski resorts. By altering the size and spacing of these patterns, visibility can be improved in cloudy conditions, reducing the risk of accidents.
A study of 5,704 patients with MS found that those with pediatric-onset disease had lower test scores and faster declining cognitive abilities. Patients with pediatric-onset MS were also more likely to experience cognitive impairment compared to those with adult-onset MS.
The ancient community of Çatalhöyük, settled around 9,000 years ago, faced problems similar to those of modern cities. The residents suffered from high infection rates due to poor hygiene and crowding, as well as environmental degradation and climate change.
Keratoconus, an eye condition affecting 1 in 2,000, is caused by genetic and environmental factors, including UV light and vigorous eye rubbing. Researchers are exploring gene mutations, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress to develop new diagnostic tools and treatments.
A study by Regenstrief Institute researchers found that only 30% of patients reported having some form of advance directive, but only 16% had one on file in their electronic medical record. This lack of documentation can lead to complex situations for care providers and loved ones.
Scientists at Emory Health Sciences have found that combining certain antibiotics can effectively target and defeat bacteria with heteroresistance, a previously underappreciated form of antibiotic resistance. This approach may offer a new strategy for treating resistant infections in hospitalized patients.
Researchers found that bioluminescence helps dinoflagellates ward off copepod grazers, allowing them to survive longer and compete better. This defense mechanism may be crucial for the species' success as a poor competitor.
A new study of past climate changes and their effects on ancient societies offers lessons for the future. Climate disruptions in prehistoric Amazonia, such as changes in rainfall patterns and agriculture, may be comparable to the current human-caused climate change affecting most parts of the world.
The first mission involving 'Boaty McBoatface' has shed light on the connection between increasing Antarctic winds and rising sea temperatures. The data collected will help build more accurate predictions of climate change's impact on sea levels.
Childhood brain energy expenditure inversely related to body weight gain; variation may explain obesity timing and lifetime risk. Researchers hypothesize that brain energy demand could help predict obesity risk.
Researchers discovered a new metallic and air-stable 2D magnet in platinum diselenide (PtSe2), which can be manipulated by strategically placing defects across its surface. This breakthrough has the potential to enable ultra-thin metallic magnets for future spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory devices.
A Texas Biomed Associate Professor has received a $100,000 grant to test an FDA-approved drug for reversing age-related cognitive decline and memory deficits in aged baboons. The study aims to develop a therapeutic intervention to enhance brain cell function and improve overall health.
Tropical Cyclone Vayu weakened due to dry air and wind shear, preventing thunderstorm development. The storm made landfall near Naliya, India, with minimal sustained winds of 40 mph.
A new study debunks the myth that intensive breeding has made modern wheat cultivars weaker. Modern wheat varieties actually out-perform older ones in both optimal and sub-optimum growing conditions. This finding could have significant implications for raising productivity in organic cropping systems.
A new paper suggests that variation in brain energy expenditure during childhood may influence patterns of energy expenditure and weight gain. The study proposes a hypothesis linking the brain's energy demand to obesity risk, highlighting the need for further research into the role of brain development on body weight.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that social network structure is a significant predictor of health, happiness, and stress levels. By analyzing data from participants' Fitbits and survey responses, researchers found a strong correlation between social network characteristics and individual wellness states.
A new meta-analysis found pervasive hiring discrimination against all nonwhite groups in nine countries, with France and Sweden showing the highest levels. The US had relatively lower levels of bias, with certain laws and institutional practices explaining this difference.
The James Webb Space Telescope's sunshield has been tested in its folded configuration to fit inside a rocket for launch. The telescope will be deployed after launch and undergo further transformation to reach its operational state.
A large UK cohort study found poor oral health is strongly associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer. Poor oral health, including painful gums and loose teeth, was linked to an increased risk of HCC in patients.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine has shed light on the practices surrounding inpatient opioid prescribing, revealing that patients who receive opioids during hospitalization are more likely to continue using them after discharge. The research, conducted by scientists at the University of Pittsburgh Graduate Schoo...
Scientists at Lehigh University and Korea Institute of Science and Technology have created a reversible super-glue-like material that can easily come unglued. The new hydrogel-based adhesive combines benefits of both liquid and dry adhesives, allowing for strong adhesion on flat and rough surfaces.
A comprehensive analysis of school disciplinary practices found persistent ethnic/racial disparities, with African American students at increased risk for suspension/expulsion. Schools with higher poverty rates and diversity reported higher discipline action rates.
A recent study by Swansea University highlights the persistent gender pay gap in the airline industry, with women facing lower salaries and higher work insecurity due to their roles. The research finds that UK airlines lag behind European counterparts in terms of pay equality.
A new study investigates the use of multiple fungal biopesticides to prevent uniform evolutionary response and promote sustainable control. The project aims to make agricultural landscapes more diverse, allowing for longer-term use of biopesticides without consistent resistance evolution.
A two-year study of day traders found that balanced professional networks lead to better performance and improved high-risk decisions. The researchers discovered that workers naturally gravitate towards a state of balance in their relationships, which ultimately frees up mental energy for making better trades.
A large-scale study has categorized over 20 different brain cell types in mice based on their shape and electrical behavior, offering new insights into the brain's cellular diversity. The research paves the way for a better understanding of human brain disorders and diseases by providing a comprehensive dataset for future investigations.
A nationwide clinical trial found that topical application of ruxolitinib was effective in repigmenting the skin of over 50% of participants with facial vitiligo. The treatment has an excellent safety profile and may lead to better results when combined with phototherapy and sunlight exposure.