Researchers found that anti-VEGF drugs ranibizumab and aflibercept are excreted into breast milk within days of injection, potentially suppressing VEGF levels in infants. The study provides valuable information for ophthalmologists counseling pregnant or nursing patients with retinal diseases.
In a recent study, male Trinidad Guppies were found to reach more novel food patches when in the presence of females. In contrast, female foraging was independent of male presence. The researchers suggest that life in a group can be advantageous, allowing individuals to share information and find food more easily.
A survey of over 4,200 Russian-speaking self-employed individuals found that freelancers often work long hours, including evenings, nights, holidays, and weekends. While some reported feeling satisfied with their work-life balance, others struggled to maintain it due to the demands of non-standard schedules. The study also found that c...
Researchers developed a biochar technology to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from soils and prevent soil degradation. The innovative method uses chicken dung and agricultural waste to produce biochar, which slows down humus mineralization and stalls CO2 emission.
Researchers Fay Hannon and Gianluigi Ciovati design low-energy, compact accelerators to clean wastewater. The technology has the potential to replace existing methods, which can be chemically and energetically intensive. The accelerators may also be used to treat tar sands, hydraulic fracturing fluids, and other industrial byproducts.
Researchers from Osaka University found that a relatively ancient Haemophilus influenzae drug efflux pump AcrB confers resistance to antibiotics similar to its more evolved counterparts. The study highlights the evolution and mechanism of multidrug efflux systems, suggesting a 'one size fits all' approach is not suitable.
A study published in Molecular Biology and Evolution reveals that the Icelandic walrus went extinct shortly after Norse settlement around 870 AD, likely due to commercial hunting and ivory trade. The research used ancient DNA analyses and C14-dating to demonstrate the existence of a unique population of Icelandic walruses.
Tropical Storm Kiko strengthened into a tropical storm on Sept. 11, with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite capturing its nighttime image on Sept. 12. The storm is forecast to approach hurricane strength later this weekend and is expected to continue moving west-northwest.
Scientists are developing a highly sensitive detector capable of sensing single photons, which could be crucial for finding Earth-like planets around other stars. The detector leverages Quanta Image Sensor technology and has several advantages, including the ability to operate at room temperature and resistance to radiation.
A team of engineers at UC San Diego has discovered a method to make materials more resilient against massive shocks using grooved patterns. The researchers found that these patterns can diminish the impacts of reflected shock waves, while initial transmitted shock waves showed inconclusive results.
Students in CTC participating districts showed significant reductions in marijuana, cigarette, alcohol use, and delinquent behavior compared to non-CTC districts. The study highlights the effectiveness of evidence-based programs in promoting healthy youth development.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that many volatile compounds from a male cat's anal sacs are produced by a community of bacteria, rather than the cat itself. This discovery challenges traditional views on scent marking and communication in cats.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology and Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin created a tandem perovskite-CIGS solar cell with an efficiency of 23.26%, shattering the previous record value. The cell's intermediate layer of organic molecules enables self-assembling on rough surfaces.
A team of researchers investigated the link between pregnancy and lupus flares, finding that gut microbiota may regulate disease severity. The study suggests that modulating the gut microbiota community could lead to improved disease management for pregnant women with lupus.
Researchers at The Institute of Cancer Research have discovered the three-dimensional structure and function of the 'mix n match' protein DHX8, which helps control a process linked to cancer progression and drug resistance. This study opens up a potentially exciting new way to tackle drug-resistant cancers.
A preclinical study shows that IL-6 protects T follicular helper cells from deleterious effects of IL-2 by interrupting a feedback loop, allowing them to receive sustained T-cell receptor stimulation. This finding has important therapeutic implications for autoimmune diseases like lupus and may lead to better treatment options.
Scientists developed a nanomaterial that can detect the twist direction of molecules with ultra-sensitivity, removing a major roadblock in research. The material's unique symmetry properties allow for sensitive detection of molecular chirality, which is crucial in pharmaceuticals and materials science.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University found that cancer cells prioritize wider, easier-to-navigate spaces over smaller, confined ones to reduce energy expenditure during metastasis. This discovery highlights the importance of energy metabolism in cancer cell migration and may lead to new strategies for preventing metastasis.
Researchers use natural sciences methods to determine geographic origin of Bronze Age tin artifacts from Israel, Turkey, and Greece, disproving Central Asian source and confirming Europe as the origin of ingots. The study highlights complex trade networks between Europe and Eastern Mediterranean during the Bronze Age.
The Gemini Observatory has captured the first-ever image of an interstellar comet, C/2019 Q4 (Borisov), in multiple colors. The object exhibits a pronounced tail indicative of outgassing, a characteristic that defines cometary objects.
A new study suggests that slower growth in working memory is associated with motor vehicle crashes among teenagers. The research found that young drivers with less-than-average working memory growth were more likely to report being involved in a crash, while those with greater-than-average growth were less likely.
A study in Weed Science found waterhemp has evolved resistance to four distinct herbicide sites of action, including PPO inhibitors and PS II inhibitors. The resistant population exhibited a seven-fold resistance to atrazine and a four- to six-fold resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides.
A study of 284 patients found that those with more severe OSA had higher blood pressure, especially at night. The researchers suggest that clinicians should consider performing a sleep study in patients with resistant hypertension to treat OSA and lower blood pressure.
A new study reveals that teen boys with high adult social support exhibit significantly fewer violent behaviors, including sexual violence and bullying. The research highlights the importance of community-based prevention programs that focus on supporting parents and mentors.
A recent study on palorchestid marsupials reveals they were giant herbivores that likely filled a niche no longer occupied in modern Australian ecosystems. The animals' forelimbs were extremely muscular and had fixed elbow joints, adapting them as permanently flexed food-gathering tools.
The researchers designed a nanocube that can detect liquefied petroleum gas with high sensitivity and specificity, mimicking the way proteins and DNA put themselves together in living cells. The nanocubes are as sensitive as current gas detectors but have a unique specificity to LPG.
Researchers at MIT developed a material that is 10 times blacker than anything reported previously, using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The new coating absorbs greater than 99.995% of incoming light from any angle, making it the blackest material on record.
A new study found that leisure-time physical activity is associated with a healthier blood lipid profile in postmenopausal women. However, it did not completely offset the unfavorable changes seen during the menopausal transition.
The Warriors Research Institute, a Baylor Scott & White center, has received a $500,000 grant to expand its telehealth program for Texas veterans and their families. The program offers high-quality, accessible mental health treatment via live video conferencing, with significant improvements in quality of life reported by participants.
A new study of US cyclist injuries from 2002-2012 found that men and ethnic minorities were less likely to wear cycle helmets. The research also showed that helmet use significantly reduced the severity of injuries, hospital stay, and mortality rates for cyclists.
Suomi NPP's OMPS detects aerosols and smoke from fires in South America and Canada's Yukon Territories. High aerosol concentrations impact breathing, reproduction, climate, and visibility.
Researchers have identified specific touchpoints where individuals with opioid use disorder encounter the healthcare system, criminal justice, or public health services, increasing their risk of overdose death. Targeted interventions and harm reduction services can reduce these deaths by up to 50%.
Researchers have developed a new class of flexible and transparent wearable devices that can measure multiple human vital signs, including heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pulse oxygenation. The devices are conformable to the skin, operate battery-free wirelessly, and provide continuous measurements during activity.
A new study in Nature explores the role of chromatin loops in V(D)J recombination, a gene assembly process that generates diverse antibodies. The research reveals how cells exploit loop formation to mix and match genetic code, leading to the creation of new antibodies.
A recent international research study published in Science Advances journal shows that environmental awareness and investments in China over the past decade have led to a weakening of the connection between economic growth and pollution. Despite this progress, major challenges remain, including increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
Scientists have successfully observed and controlled fast-paced chemical reactions using light, which could lead to new optical nanotechnology. The method uses ultrafast techniques to visualize the reaction, offering insights into molecular interactions and potential applications in materials design.
The study found that high levels of social support were associated with reduced risk behaviors, and that mentoring was linked to a lower likelihood of gang involvement. These findings suggest understanding the associations between different types of violence and their related risk factors may help in prevention efforts.
Researchers at EMBL and Medical University of Vienna found B cells play a critical role in triggering inflammation and guiding T cells to melanoma. This discovery suggests that B cells may be more important in immunotherapy than previously thought, potentially leading to new targets for cancer treatment.
Research reveals that Toxoplasma gondii's mother cells share micronemal proteins with daughters during asexual reproduction. This recycling mechanism enables the reassembly of vital organelles for parasite propagation.
A new study maps 154 land restoration projects in Latin America, revealing their potential to mitigate climate change through forest restoration. The research highlights the importance of natural regeneration and assisted regeneration methods for increasing vegetation cover and biodiversity.
Researchers at Lehigh University found that surface thermodynamics plays a critical role in driving structural transformations between crystal structures, challenging kinetic effects as the primary explanation. This discovery has implications for controlling and predicting the structure produced in crystallization processes.
A new study developed a machine-learning derived model that can predict future heart failure among patients with diabetes. The WATCH-DM risk score is based on 10 variables, including weight, age, and diabetes control, and identifies patients at high risk of heart failure.
A study from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that emergency clinicians can use the 'surprise' question to identify patients at greatest risk of near-term death, prompting essential end-of-life conversations. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between clinician responses and patient mortality, with those who answered they wou...
Researchers at ICIQ develop a new catalytic reaction that can edit the skeletons of organic molecules, enabling skeletal remodelling and circumventing long-standing challenges in metal-carbyne generation. This breakthrough expands synthetic possibilities for creating new materials or medicines.
A large register study shows that refugee children with parents having PTSD are at a significantly higher risk of contact with the psychiatric system before turning 18. The researchers highlight the need for greater focus on this problem and early measures to support these vulnerable children.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected heavy rainfall northwest of the cyclone's center, exceeding 40 mm/h. The system is expected to produce up to 2-4 inches of total rainfall accumulations in the Bahamas and 2-4 inches along the U.S. Southeast Coast.
Researchers have developed a brain-inspired, analog neural network that provides probabilistic responses for complex decision-making. The device is more energy efficient and produces less heat than current computing architectures.
This study analyzed US youth suicide rates from 1999 to 2017, adjusting for differences in age and year of birth. The results show increased adjusted rates among females, while males showed a more modest increase, with significant variability in mortality rates over the period.
A team of scientists from Skoltech and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology studied the movements of 19 esports players, including professionals and amateurs. The results show that machine learning methods can accurately predict a player's skill level in 77% of cases, with professional players moving more than beginners.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new approach to delivering enzyme-producing genes that can convert certain drugs into toxic agents and target tumors. The study found that nano-bubbles, or extracellular vesicles, were 14 times more effective at delivery and killed over half of the breast cancer cells in mice.
Researchers observe that local thermal perturbations of spins in solids can convert heat to energy, even in paramagnetic materials. This effect, known as paramagnon drag thermopower, has the potential to enhance fuel efficiency and power smart clothing by harnessing body heat.
Researchers developed a method to categorize drugs based on cellular responses, predicting potential clinical effects and reducing side effects. The approach was validated using opioid analgesics, with potential applications in safer opioids and cannabis product testing.
A new laser-based sensor called LAMBDIS effectively detects buried objects while a vehicle is in motion, overcoming the challenge of existing technologies' sensitivity to environmental vibrations. It achieved comparable results to traditional laser Doppler vibrometers in laboratory and field tests.
The new technology distributes decision-making throughout a stretchable material by sensing, computing, and responding without centralized processing. This approach holds promise for use in soft robotics and prosthetic devices, mimicking the decentralized brain of octopuses.
Scientists have identified distinctive characteristics of KRAS-positive lung cancers that can be targeted to inhibit growth, offering a new approach for personalized therapy. The study suggests exploring co-existing mutations as an alternative to traditional therapies.
Biologists have directly observed and recorded branching microtubule nucleation in living fruit fly cells, a mechanism crucial to cell division. The technique enabled visualization of individual microtubules using TIRF microscopy, revealing that microtubule tips trigger the process.
Research of 84 young drivers explores association between working memory differences and motor vehicle crashes. The study suggests that variations in working memory development may be a critical factor in determining the risk of crashes among young drivers.
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine scientists have developed a faster and more efficient gene editing tool using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The new delivery system packages both essential components together, enabling transient Cas9 expression and avoiding unwanted results.
Researchers have unraveled a mechanism to reactivate 'back-up genes' on the inactive X chromosome, which could help treat Rett syndrome and other X-linked disorders. The study found that different genes require varying amounts of time to become active again, with location and proteins playing key roles.
Researchers from China have updated the soybean genome to a golden reference, improving its assembly quality and completeness. The new genome has increased accuracy in gene annotation and expression profiling, facilitating fundamental research and molecular breeding.