Two companion papers reveal that mountain regions are hotspots of biodiversity, with tropical mountains hosting more than 85% of the world's species. The high level of biodiversity is linked to unique climate conditions and geological dynamics.
A new study identifies a crucial stopover region in southern Mexico and Guatemala where songbirds fuel up before crossing the Gulf of Mexico. Researchers found that birds preparing for migration spend most of their time in this region to build energy reserves.
A new study at Binghamton University's First-year Research Immersion (FRI) program found that instructors with extra training improved student outcomes. The FRI program provides STEM students with research experience, while the training program for research educators helped them develop skills in teaching and mentoring.
Researchers discovered that bone marrow-derived cells contribute to embryo implantation and pregnancy by differentiating into decidual cells in the uterine environment. The study suggests a potential role of these cells in human implantation and pregnancy, potentially leading to new treatments for recurrent implantation failure and pre...
The new clock platform combines near-continuous operation with strong signals and high stability, featuring unique possibilities for enhancing clock performance. Preliminary data suggest the design is promising, with the tweezer clock providing self-verifying performance 96% of the time.
A team of researchers from UMass Amherst created a mathematical model to predict the degradation of vitamins in spaceflight food over time. The model enables NASA to accurately schedule resupplying trips and provide astronauts with essential nutrients, particularly thiamine, which degrades rapidly in certain foods like beef.
A new study from Swansea University shows that a structured approach to medicine monitoring, using the Adverse Drug Reaction (ADRe) Profile, can lead to positive impacts on patients in care homes. The study found that nurses using ADRe picked up issues that resulted in changes to nursing care and medication reviews for many residents.
A recent study by University of Kansas researcher Gabriel de Oliveira analyzed satellite data to understand the effects of deforestation on Amazonian ecosystems. The research revealed significant differences in soil and air temperatures, evapotranspiration rates, and energy exchanges between forested and non-forested areas.
A recent analysis reveals that kidneys from donors infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are now routinely used in transplants at many US centers. These organs function just as well as uninfected kidneys throughout the first year after transplantation, providing strong evidence for their safe and effective use.
Twelve emerging scientists from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Spain, and Uruguay have won PROLAB travel grants to collaborate with top researchers in the US, Canada, and Spain. They will work on various projects, including reproductive biology, neuronal proteostasis regulation, exercise-induced mood changes, and cancer progression.
A team of researchers has identified a new circular RNA that promotes tumor activity, contradicting its role as a cancer suppressor. The discovery opens up new opportunities to understand the genetics of cancer and potentially develop targeted treatment protocols.
A Wistar team is advancing a synthetic DNA technology called DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs) to combat multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The researchers have demonstrated the effectiveness of DMAbs in controlling infection in mice, paving the way for further development and clinical testing.
Researchers found that people value diversity when making decisions for others, but prioritize similarity when working with their own teams. This discrepancy has implications for organizational diversity and highlights the need to involve multiple perspectives in hiring and team decisions.
Researchers evaluated China's success in controlling coal-fired power plant (CPP) emissions, finding significant reductions in air pollution and premature deaths since 2005-2020. The upgrading of end-pipe control facilities and early retirement of small units led to substantial emissions reductions.
New research at the University of Saskatchewan reveals that neonicotinoid pesticides can cause weight loss and delayed migration in wild birds, threatening their survival. Birds exposed to these insecticides suffered significant negative consequences, including appetite suppression and longer stopover times.
The Journalists in Aging Fellows Program has selected 14 new reporters to produce in-depth stories on aging issues. The projects span topics including cultural challenges faced by immigrant communities, health issues for African Americans, and the crisis of loneliness among older adults.
A study found abnormal gut microbiota in veterans with PTSD and cirrhosis is tied to poorer cognitive performance. The research also identified beneficial bacteria like Ruminococcaceae as associated with better performance.
A study found that patients with gradual symptom onset took eight hours to get medical help, compared to 2.6 hours for those with abrupt symptoms. Patients with gradual symptoms began with mild discomfort that slowly got worse, while abrupt onset referred to sudden and severe pain.
A potential treatment for polycystic kidney disease has shown a significant reduction in kidney size in afflicted mice, with no evidence of toxicity in animal or human cell tests. The drug is now in early clinical trials in humans, offering hope for a new option for survival beyond dialysis or transplant.
The latest Hubble image of Saturn reveals a planet with a dynamic atmosphere, featuring turbulent storms and subtle changes in its banded structure. The iconic hexagon at Saturn's north pole remains unchanged, while the mysterious six-sided pattern continues to intrigue scientists.
A study by the University of Cologne found that expert feedback significantly reduces the length of antibiotic therapies and improves treatment decisions among pediatricians. The experiment showed that providing feedback can be a useful means to address excessive antibiotic use.
A recent study published in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry found that humans have highly individualized inflammatory responses to eating a high-fat meal. The researchers used a sensitive test to analyze gene expression in response to the meal, finding that responses by more than 13,000 genes differed between subjects.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that microorganisms residing on plant leaves are connected to those living in the soil, forming a key part of the bioenergy community. The researchers identified hundreds of leaf microbiome members and compared them to thousands in the soil, using deep sequencing techniques.
Astrophysicists detected gravitational wave 'tones' emitted by a merging black hole, validating the 'no-hair theory' and confirming Einstein's general relativity. The breakthrough comes 10 years earlier than expected and opens the era of understanding black holes and their properties.
A new study by UMass Amherst researchers shows that out-of-state casino gambling among Massachusetts residents decreased significantly after the state's first slot parlor, Plainridge Park Casino, opened in 2015. The study found that only 3-10% of problem gamblers seek professional treatment, highlighting the need for alternative effect...
Researchers developed a new classification method using artificial intelligence to identify primary cancerous tissue in head and neck cancers. The method achieved an accuracy of over 99% in distinguishing between primary lung squamous cell carcinomas and head and neck metastases, offering potential benefits for patients.
The new website provides a resource for understanding why, where, and how tropical reforestation is occurring. It highlights eight key messages on livelihoods, local decision-making, planting trees, natural regeneration, and climate change, among others.
A VCU-led team, including professors from several institutions and two companies, is developing an open network for molecular sciences data using AI. The goal is to create a platform for combining and analyzing data from academia, industry, and government, enabling scientists to make predictions and designs with more accuracy.
A study found that young adults in the US report high rates of non-medical prescription drug use, binge drinking, and illicit drug use. Researchers recommend a multilevel approach to address potential harms related to polysubstance use throughout the life course.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that only viable neurons survive in the developing nervous system, while immature ones die. This discovery challenges the long-standing neurotrophic theory and could lead to new treatments for neurological diseases like Parkinson's.
A new study found that mobile technology alters how people view the outside world based on battery life and charging points. Battery icons shape daily activities and user identities, with full batteries linked to feelings of positivity and control, while low batteries induce anxiety and discomfort. The research reveals a strong social ...
The University of Miami has received a $50,000 grant from the US Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Research Integrity to promote research integrity in Argentina. The grant aims to increase awareness of institutional policy and training in responsible conduct of research.
Scientists have developed a new method to measure polarization using ultra-thin metasurface holograms. The technique uses overlapping holographic images to determine the amplitude contrast and phase difference between polarized light waves, enabling fast and compact devices for spectroscopy, sensing, and communications applications.
The study highlights the importance of zeta potential in colloid surface chemistry and its effect on dispersion stability. The Navier boundary condition, considering relative velocity, is applied to particles with hydrophobic surfaces, leading to increased electrophoretic mobility and sedimentation potential.
This special issue highlights von Humboldt's lasting legacy on mountain ecology and environment. Research focuses on species richness, biodiversity evolution, and soil microbial communities in response to climate change.
The Italian Chemical Society and Elsevier have recognized three young chemists for their outstanding research in Italy. The Reaxys SCI Early Career Researcher Award highlights the work of these talented individuals, who are making significant contributions to the field of chemistry.
A study found high levels of pollutants, such as industrial fluids and mercury, in the blubber and skin of English Channel dolphins. The levels of pollutants were similar to those previously described for bottlenose dolphins in other contaminated areas.
Researchers found that noradrenaline is necessary for astrocytes to respond to local stimulation, effectively integrating sensory and behavioral information. Astrocytes can track distinct information during behavior, including arousal state and sensory experience.
A $40,000 grant from The Emergency Medicine Foundation is supporting a study to increase awareness among parents about sepsis signs in children. Researchers hope this will lead to improved recognition strategies and faster diagnosis of sepsis.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a method to create highly active catalysts from precious metal nanoparticles, improving fuel cells' efficiency. The new catalysts can also be recycled from spent catalysts, reducing waste and increasing their lifespan.
Researchers successfully grew Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterium causing Citrus Greening Disease, in a laboratory for the first time. This breakthrough enables studies on the disease and potential treatments.
A new antibiotic-coated shunt has been shown to significantly reduce infection rates in patients with hydrocephalus. The BASICS trial found that the innovative treatment saved the NHS approximately £130K per infection averted, resulting in estimated annual savings of £7 million.
A new simulation software aims to enhance process knowledge and speed up biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Christian Witz's software shortens simulation times from months to hours, enabling more efficient troubleshooting and insights into processes.
A new study found that songbirds exposed to neonicotinoid insecticides experience anorexic behavior, reduced body weight, and delayed migratory itineraries. This is the first direct evidence of a mechanistic link between the pesticide and declining migratory bird populations.
Scientists have identified thousands of novel messenger proteins in human microbiomes, which could lead to new medicines. A new TB drug has been approved, offering hope for treatment-resistant forms of the disease.
Researchers develop a low-cost thermoelectric generator that harnesses temperature differences to produce renewable electricity at night, when solar power is not available. The device can generate up to 25 milliwatts of energy per square meter and has the potential to be scaled for practical use.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed GymCam, a vision-based system that detects repetitive motions and recognizes exercise types. The system can track exercises in crowded gym environments without relying on facial recognition or explicit wearables.
Researchers investigated the role of SAGA1 protein in regulating pyrenoid shape and number. They found that loss of SAGA1 leads to multiple pyrenoids with fewer starch plates, which results from elongated starch plates pinching off matrix portions.
The team aims to understand how genetics contributes to driving aggressive pathology in prostate cancer by combining pathology, computational modeling, and genomics. They plan to identify therapeutic options by testing combinations of genes in mouse models of the disease.
Researchers at USC have developed a new method for repurposing cells, which they found to be significantly more reliable than existing techniques. The approach uses enzymes to untangle DNA and has been proven to work in mice and humans with near-perfect efficiency.
Researchers identified a potential new indication for anti-EGFR treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and specific BRAF mutations. Class 3 BRAF mutations showed enhanced response rates compared to class 2 mutations, offering hope for personalized oncology.
Researchers found a significant correlation between financial challenges and early ageing, using data from 5500 middle-aged persons. The study suggests that poor finances can lead to premature ageing, with effects on physical capability and cognitive function.
A major new study has found that cancer patients who miss an urgent referral appointment for their symptoms are 12% more likely to die within 12 months of diagnosis. The study also revealed that non-attending patients with cancer had a higher risk of advanced stage disease at diagnosis, which can lead to poorer outcomes.
Research at University at Buffalo finds that heroin exposure sharply reduces drebrin levels in the brain's reward pathway, leading to synaptic rewiring and increased risk of relapse. Restoring drebrin levels can reduce relapse behaviors, providing a potential new treatment avenue.
A new robot hand with a dynamic grip can adjust its stiffness to absorb shocks, keeping objects intact during collisions. This technology is valuable for industries like automotive and electronics packaging, enhancing worker safety and machine performance.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Institute have discovered that lung-specific chronic immune activation is responsible for the progression of disease in HIV patients. This dysfunction leads to a constant production of cytokines and chemokines, dysregulating the body's ability to fight off other infections.
Scientists at University of Illinois replicate Hall Effect with photons, enhancing one-way radio transmission and absorbing opposing signals. The technique could protect sources from interference and ensure accurate quantum measurements.
The NSF Convergence Accelerator program aims to accelerate use-inspired convergence research in areas of national importance. Two faculty teams at UNC Charlotte received Phase 1 awards to develop innovative solutions, including a digital resource hub and data analytics tools for studying public policy.
Scientists have developed a new technique for measuring the expansion of the universe using gravitational lensing, which yields a somewhat higher Hubble Constant value compared to standard measurements. The method provides a valuable alternative approach to addressing the long-standing discrepancy in the Hubble Constant's value
Two new studies published in Pediatric Blood and Cancer and Acta Oncologica demonstrate the potential benefits of proton therapy for children with brain cancer. Proton therapy shows promising outcomes in improving overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates, particularly in young patients. Additionally, a new technique called p...