A Dartmouth study reveals that the way human fungal pathogens form colonies can significantly impact their ability to cause disease. The researchers identified a specific mutation that causes key changes in gene function, leading to improved virulence and host damage. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for developing effect...
European shags follow social cues by watching fellow birds to determine the best time and place to dive. This behaviour may help them save energy and find fish more efficiently. The study sheds light on the importance of understanding seabird species' adaptability in response to environmental pressures.
A new report highlights the limitations of cell-based therapies for treating musculoskeletal diseases like arthritis and osteoporosis due to insufficient clinical evidence. The task force recommends specific guidelines for preclinical and clinical investigations to develop more effective treatments.
Research finds that even mild long-term depressive symptoms among mothers affect their small children's emotional well-being, including hyperactivity and anxiety. The study also highlights the importance of monitoring parents' mental health during pregnancy and after birth.
A recent US pediatric heart transplant policy change aimed to reduce waitlist mortality rates but may have inadvertently increased deaths for certain patients. The study highlights the need for further discussion on optimizing organ allocation and waitlist criteria.
Researchers observed how football molecules made of carbon atoms burst in X-ray laser beam. The study reveals the temporal course of bursting process and contributes to a more detailed protein analysis with X-ray free-electron lasers.
This study examined changes in internal medicine subspecialty choices from 1991 to 2016, with women and men showing varying trends across nine subspecialties. The findings suggest shifting interests in areas like geriatric medicine and hematology and oncology, potentially driven by demographic changes.
Scientists have made new discoveries about transcription, a fundamental process in all living cells. Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to study transcription at the scale of individual genes, revealing unexpected drivers of cellular individuality.
Researchers report the discovery of a giant marine virus genome in predatory unicellular flagellates, encoding three rhodopsin photosensitive proteins. The findings suggest these viruses may confer phototrophic abilities on their hosts.
A University of Calgary-led study found that MRI scans can significantly improve the diagnosis of minor strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). In 30% of cases, the MRI scan led to a change in diagnosis. The study's findings suggest that MRI scans are essential for patients with non-traditional symptoms, reducing unnecessary med...
A recent study published in Economics and Human Biology suggests that the current obesity epidemic in adults may have been caused by excessive sugar consumption in childhood. The researchers modeled the increase in US adult obesity rates since the 1990s as a legacy of increased excess sugar consumption measured among children in the 19...
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected intense rainfall rates in Tropical Storm Lorenzo, with the heaviest downpours occurring near the storm's center. The tropical cyclone is forecast to strengthen and become a hurricane by Wednesday, posing a threat to interests in the Cabo Verde Islands.
Researchers at Neuroscience 2019 announce new gene therapy research promising to prevent, treat, and reverse incurable neurological disorders. Successes in restoring lost functions in animal models of neurological diseases are discussed, as well as technique advancements that may improve future treatments.
A study of 1,461 hospital data breaches found that 71% compromised sensitive demographic or financial information, putting patients at risk of identity theft. The breaches also revealed a lack of transparency about the types of information compromised, sparking calls for policymakers to require standardized documentation.
A new study by the US Army Research Laboratory found that humans' confidence in robots decreases significantly after a mistake, regardless of transparency. Participants rated the unreliable robot as less trustworthy, likable, and safe than the reliable one.
Scientists analyzed mountain landscapes worldwide and found that after a certain elevation, channels become sensitive to subtle changes in inclines, limiting mountain height. This discovery has implications for understanding ancient climate, forecasting future patterns, and exploring geophysical links of mountain formation.
Researchers have found interactions between multiple genetic lineages of the amphibian-killing chytrid fungus, including a previously unknown lineage widespread in Southeast Asia. This discovery suggests that genetic recombinations can create more virulent hybrids, posing additional threats to amphibians and conservation efforts.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a non-viral gene delivery method that has proven effective in laboratory tests, opening the door to treatment of various genetic diseases. The method uses Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and could significantly reduce the time and expense involved in bringing new treatments to market.
A Rutgers-led study suggests that the breakdown of Himalayan rocks may not be responsible for long-term climate cooling over the past 15 million years. Algae production and calcium carbonate levels decreased in deep-sea sediments during this period, indicating alternative processes may have driven climate change.
Mackerel shark diversity peaked in the Early Late Cretaceous period but declined over the last 20 million years. Cooler temperatures and clade competition with ground sharks drove this decline.
A team of researchers led by Ohio University's Jason Trembly has received a $2 million grant from the US Department of Energy to develop coal-based composite decking boards. The project aims to utilize coal in the manufacture of construction composite building materials, resulting in lower energy consumption and emissions.
Researchers have developed thinner shells for delivering therapeutic biomolecules, reducing osmotic pressure required for safe release. The lopsided microcapsules can burst at lower pressures, making them suitable for controlled release in medicine and other fields.
Researchers Keefe Manning and Yong Wang propose a new method of surface modification of nanoparticles for local drug delivery to prevent thrombosis in medical devices. The goal is to develop a solution that would reduce side effects and increase drug concentration without frequent administration of antithrombotic drugs.
Fungi's genes encode enzymes that use simple building blocks to build complex molecules through a decade-long collaborative research effort, revealing a surprising Diels-Alder reaction. This discovery opens paths for improving chemical reactions and harnessing the enzyme to create new compounds with biological activities.
Researchers will investigate factors contributing to successful post-adoption development in children adopted from the child welfare system, focusing on household dynamics and physiological mechanisms.
A systematic review of 58 studies from 23 countries found no association between overall screen time and academic performance. However, excessive TV and video game use was linked to poorer grades.
Researchers have discovered a new reaction that enables the production of indoline scaffolds, which are crucial for developing new medicines. By using nitrogen as a catalyst, the reaction can create complex assemblies more easily and efficiently.
Researchers developed a kidney transplant risk model combining data from kidney donor registries, statistics of probable genetic profiles, and immunological knowledge to improve predictions of donor-recipient match. The study suggests that incorporating partial antigen match data can further enhance the accuracy of the model.
Replacing seasonal vaccines with universal ones could avert over 17 million cases and 251,000 hospitalizations per year. States with high hospitalization costs and elderly populations would experience the greatest economic benefits.
Scientists at UCL have developed a method to reactivate 'tumour suppressor' genes silenced by cancer cells. This finding could lead to new targeted biotherapies for cancer treatment.
Hurricanes Katrina and Rita had a significant impact on the mortality rate of seniors with diabetes, even ten years later. Those who lived in affected areas experienced a 40% higher one-month mortality rate compared to unaffected counties.
Researchers found that dads' childcare activities are more likely to be recreational and take place on the weekend, while mothers' activities involve infants and solo parenting. The study suggests that parents' happiness and stress levels depend on the type of childcare activity and context in which it takes place.
Scientists have discovered a new reaction to obtain water-soluble fullerene derivatives with high antiviral activity against flu viruses, HIV, HSV, and CMV. This breakthrough opens opportunities for developing effective antiviral drugs capable of suppressing untreatable infections.
Researchers have developed an electronic chip that can perform high-sensitivity intracellular recording from thousands of connected neurons simultaneously. This breakthrough has enabled the mapping of hundreds of synaptic connections and opens up new strategies for machine intelligence to build artificial neural networks.
The study found that tumor heterogeneity, not mutational burden, is a key factor in determining the success of immunotherapy for melanoma patients. Researchers developed an experimental system to systematically generate tumors with intermediate levels of genetic heterogeneity, leading to a high correlation between this factor and treat...
A new study published in INFORMS Journal Marketing Science found that AI chatbots can increase sales by four times compared to inexperienced workers. However, customer awareness of the use of AI chatbots before making a purchase leads to a significant decline in sales rates.
The survey found significant disparities in health conditions, insurance coverage, and access to care across Harris County neighborhoods. Black residents were more likely to experience economic hardship and face food insecurity, with areas such as Aldine and Settegast reporting the highest percentages of residents living in poor health.
DNA molecules have a hydrophobic interior that groups together when exposed to water, controlling the binding process. The discovery opens doors for new understanding in medicine and life sciences, with potential applications in fighting resistant bacteria and curing cancer.
Researchers propose targeting cancer patients' mindsets to improve their health, functioning, and well-being. They identify specific mindsets that can impact cancer patients' health, such as viewing cancer as manageable or seeing the body as capable and resilient.
Research found that 65% of visual cortex regions in blind individuals show synchronized activity when listening to audio clips, indicating a higher-order processing role. The study suggests an underlying organization dictates the brain's repurposing of unused regions in blind people.
A study found that losing the automatic reenrollment option in California's Covered California marketplace led to a decrease in enrollment. The researchers analyzed data and reported a significant decline in enrollment following the removal of this feature.
Researchers developed a tiny nanolaser that can function inside living tissues without harming them. The nanolaser shows promise for imaging in living tissues and can operate in extremely confined spaces.
A new study found that fat mass index is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes. Researchers analyzed data from the ACCORD study and found that participants with higher fat mass were at increased risk, while lean body mass did not provide protection.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed a compound that extends survival in mice models of pediatric brain tumors, particularly those expressing the MYC oncogene. The compound inhibits glutamine metabolism, making chemotherapy more effective.
New research suggests that mosasaurs used a unique swimming style that combined elements of both tail and forelimb movement. This dual approach may have allowed them to swim faster and more efficiently than previously thought, with powerful bursts of speed adding to their cruising ability.
A new association between secondhand smoke exposure and heart rhythm disorder risk has been highlighted by a study. Children of parents who smoke had a significantly increased chance of developing atrial fibrillation later in life.
Tropical Storm Tapah transitioned into an extra-tropical storm as measured by NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission, showing heavy rainfall on the northeastern side of the storm. The storm was characterized by strong winds of up to 63 mph and poleward displacement towards the north pole.
A new study aims to assess the impact of guided POLST form completion on patient care preferences being respected. Trained nurses will provide advanced care planning assistance to patients enrolled in the randomized controlled trial.
QUT researchers have developed a new method for analysing Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images using deep learning techniques to detect and track eye diseases such as glaucoma and macular degeneration. The team's findings show that their program is reliable and more accurate than standard image analysis methods.
A new study reveals that coastal proximity, rain and prevailing wind direction influence the distribution of marine sulfur on land. Plants in coastal settings utilize marine-derived sulfur, which is affected by human activities such as oil refineries and vehicles.
Research published in Circulation found a strong link between pregnancy hypertension and an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, including stroke and heart failure. Women with preeclampsia or other types of pregnancy hypertension are more likely to develop these conditions later in life.
A unique partnership between an engineer and a scientist challenged prevailing wisdom about Toxoplasma gondii's behavior, revealing potential targets for treatment. The team's work showed that parasites are actively replicating with complex patterns, forcing a reconsideration of the parasite's life cycle.
Scientists at the University of Surrey discovered that green tea's EGCG can restore antibiotic activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study found that combining EGCG with aztreonam significantly reduced bacterial numbers and improved survival rates in infected larvae.
Researchers have developed a new CRISPR technology to accurately regulate and edit genomes in human cells, opening up nearly 90% of CRISPR-Cas systems. This approach has shown promise for biomedical research, gene therapies, and other applications.
University of Illinois researchers have created a new framework for nanoantenna light absorption, enabling the detection of individual biomolecules and catalyzing chemical reactions. The breakthrough has potential applications in cancer diagnostics, quantum computing, and novel biochemistry methods.
A study by University of Bristol researchers found that a named GP scheme did not lead to improved continuity of care or reduced emergency hospital admissions among older patients. Instead, it increased the risk of emergency hospital admissions, particularly among those aged over 75.
Researchers discovered novel brain circuits in the hippocampal formation play a critical role in object-location learning and memory. The study provides new insights into Alzheimer's disease, offering potential targets for treatment.
A new study from King's College London found that depression and binge-drinking are more prevalent among female military partners than comparable women outside the military community. The research suggests that military partners may use binge-drinking as a coping mechanism for the stress and separation caused by deployment.
Researchers found slower cell division rates in people between ages 80 and 89 compared to those between 20 and 29, potentially explaining age-related cancer decline. Mice did not exhibit similar age-dependent cell division slowdown.
Clinical trial results show that pregnant women with obesity can support fetal development without excess calorie intake. The study's findings suggest maintaining pre-pregnancy calorie intake and improving diet quality instead of increasing daily calorie consumption.
Researchers use CRISPR gene editing and MICS to identify genes that can be targeted by drugs in cancer and regenerative medicine, revealing promising targets for cancer treatment. The technology also enables faster harvesting of desired cell types for therapy.
Researchers from Michigan State University and Johns Hopkins University analyzed 1,461 hospital breaches between 2009 and 2019, revealing that 169 million people had some form of information exposed. The study classified data into three categories: demographic, service/financial, and medical information, highlighting the risks of ident...
The professor aims to improve radio frequency sensing systems and enhance consumer wireless communications by sharing the limited electromagnetic spectrum. This collaborative effort enables radar to detect targets with enhanced sensing capability and higher energy efficiency, while allowing wireless communications to access more spectrum.
Tropical Storm Jerry's organization and strength are affected by wind shear, pushing clouds away from the storm's center. The shape of the storm provides forecasters with an idea of its internal structure, while wind shear weakens rotation by pushing it apart at different levels.
Researchers analyzed DNA samples from over 17,000 individuals and found that people with specific chromosomal changes tended to live in more deprived areas. The study suggests that these genetic changes may have cumulative effects on socioeconomic status even in the absence of a medical diagnosis.
A study confirms that surrogate-reared sea otters and their wild offspring account for over half of Elkhorn Slough's population growth, with similar survival rates to those reared by wild mothers. The program's success has implications for rebuilding sea otter populations in other California estuaries.
A study found that patients with poor health were more likely to continue taking insulin after age 75, despite guidelines recommending reduced treatment intensity. Discontinuing insulin may outweigh its benefits for older adults, especially those with multiple health conditions.
Scientists at UMass Amherst and Perth Zoo have created the world's first accurate, publicly available 3D model of the endangered Southern white rhino. The model will be used for conservation efforts and educational purposes, providing a powerful tool to assess an animal's body condition in the field.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created a unique quantum-mechanical state, a three-photon color-entangled W state, which retains entanglement even with one photon lost. This state enables novel quantum applications and tests fundamental physics.
Tropical cyclone Hikaa has strong storm activity, with cloud top temperatures reaching -63°C, indicating heavy rain potential. NASA's AIRS instrument analysis provided critical data to forecasters worldwide.
The American Gastroenterological Association has released a clinical guideline that helps healthcare providers identify appropriate tests to evaluate patients with suspected functional diarrhea. The guideline recommends considering fecal calprotectin or lactoferrin, testing for Giardia, and ruling out celiac disease.
A commentary by University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing nurse-bioethicist Connie Ulrich explores the impact of ethical issues on clinicians. Moral distress can lead to burnout and erosion of moral strength, but developing coping skills and addressing organizational factors can help.
Researchers discover that the physical structure of animal groups, not individual animals, plays a crucial role in processing information and responding to environmental changes. By changing the group's structure, individuals can amplify risk signals and respond effectively to threats, highlighting the importance of social connectivity.
A team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering has developed a new method to separate ethylene from ethane gas, which is abundant in natural gas. The technique uses isolated copper atoms that olefins like ethylene can bond to strongly, potentially saving energy and reducing costs.
A new study explores how climate change impacts coal-fired power plants' water constraints, threatening regional electricity generation plans. The research highlights three possible strategies to mitigate water limitations, including reducing existing/planned power plants, integrating electricity markets, and adopting dry cooling in no...
Researchers have sequenced the genomes of corals and their microbial partners, revealing new insights into symbiotic relationships and nutrient sharing. The study aims to aid in the revival of threatened coral reefs by understanding how they interact with their environment.
A single sorghum gene, Tannin1, controls bird feeding behavior by regulating the production of bad-tasting molecules and attractive volatiles. The discovery provides insights into plant-bird ecological interactions and suggests multiple strategies for developing new control measures to prevent yield losses caused by birds.
Scientists have discovered a way to manipulate the electronic properties of tungsten disulfide, a super-thin material, by controlling its energy valleys. This innovation could potentially be used for encoding quantum data and enabling the creation of qubits for quantum computing.
Researchers at the University of Portsmouth have created a biosurfactant using rice straw, providing a natural replacement for chemical surfactants in household products. The process is environmentally friendly and cost-efficient, with potential applications in various industries.
Researchers discovered that gene expression regulators work together to raise an individual's risk of developing schizophrenia. The study found that modeled gene expression changes matched those found in patients' brains, highlighting the importance of considering complex genetic interactions in psychiatric disorders.
Researchers identified a critical gene network disrupted in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that correlates with symptom severity. The findings suggest genetic factors influencing brain development during pregnancy are primary causes of ASD, providing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of symptom severity.
A recent study has concluded that the Micro-Expressions Training Tool (METT), used to train airport personnel, fails to improve lie detection rates. METT-trained individuals performed no better than those who received bogus or no training, and even worse than chance, suggesting that its effectiveness is limited.
A new imaging study of ancient mummies found that their arteries were more clogged than thought, indicating heart disease was prevalent among human ancestors. The study used near-infrared spectroscopy to detect cholesterol buildup in the arteries, revealing a prevalence of cholesterol-rich plaques even in people at a relatively young age.
The study reveals that dogs with inflammatory CNS disease have autoantibodies targeting neuronal cell surface proteins, similar to humans. The findings could lead to better diagnosis and treatment options for canine encephalitis.
Researchers will focus on extending clinical research in cardiovascular and neurocognitive complications of cancer treatments to improve patient well-being. The team aims to protect the heart from damage caused by chemotherapy drugs and define who may be at risk.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) researchers found that aggregation of TDP-43 is not harmful but actually protects cells. This discovery challenges the assumption that alleviating protein aggregates is necessary to treat neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. The study opens doors to radically new therapeutic approaches if aggregation...
Researchers found that digital computers struggle to replicate the behavior of chaotic dynamical systems, even with vast numbers of available single-precision floating-point numbers. This limitation can lead to errors in simulations, affecting fields like climate change, physics, and chemistry.
A large observational study of over 1 million UK children found that those younger than their classmates were more likely to experience childhood depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability. The study suggests that age-related differences in brain development may contribute to these findings.
A recent study analyzed deaths associated with ibrutinib and identified several cardiovascular toxicities, including supraventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. The study highlights the need to improve management of patients taking this drug, which has a higher death rate compared to chemotherapy.
Researchers map distribution of deadly chytrid fungus using skin swabs, revealing four known lineages and a new one originating in Asia. The study provides key insights into the disease's origins and geographic spread.
A team of researchers is developing a data-driven computer model to diagnose and treat strabismus, a prevalent condition affecting 18 million people in the US. The model will use clinical information from MRI scans, surgical procedures, and patient outcomes to improve treatment options.
Scientists uncovered novel signaling mechanisms in cancer cells and designed a new anticancer compound M-COPA to target defective biochemical pathways. The study found that the mutated KIT protein carries out cancer-specific signaling at the Golgi, which is activated by downstream proteins such as AKT, ERK, and STAT5.
The new Energy-Water Desalination Hub will focus on early-stage research and development for energy-efficient and low-cost desalination solutions. NAWI aims to recycle 90% of nontraditional water sources, promoting a circular water economy. The hub will advance novel technologies and prioritize high-impact projects.
A University of Otago study confirms the low FODMAP diet is effective in alleviating bowel symptoms in children. Complete resolution was observed in 92% of children with bloating, 87% with diarrhoea and 77% with abdominal pain.
A novel initiative called the Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network (SPAN) is testing six potential new stroke therapies, including compressing the arm with a blood pressure-like cuff. This approach, known as remote ischemic conditioning, may reduce stroke size and improve patient recovery.
Researchers at UCLA developed a therapy that permanently boosts the body's ability to produce invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells), which attack human tumors. The treatment, engineered from hematopoietic stem cells, effectively suppressed tumor growth in mice with multiple myeloma and melanoma.
A Michigan State University study found that fundamentalist Christians are more likely to engage in pro-environmental behaviors such as conserving water and energy. However, their willingness to sacrifice for the environment does not extend to addressing climate change and protecting biodiversity.
Researchers have developed a way to track the formation of soluble amyloid beta peptide aggregates implicated in the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The ruthenium-based fluorescent complexes bind to these aggregates, allowing researchers to monitor their progress and movements over time.
Researchers at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) have found that glioblastoma hijacks pericytes to promote tumor progression and evade the immune system. By targeting chaperone-mediated autophagy, they may develop a new therapeutic approach to treat this aggressive brain cancer.
A new test measures protein albumin proportions in blood plasma and serum samples to establish their integrity, addressing concerns about degraded samples producing spurious results. The study highlights the importance of proper sample handling and storage conditions to maintain reliability in medical research.
A team of researchers has developed a smart skin that can change shape and texture using artificial muscles, mimicking the cephalopod's ability to morph its structure. This innovation enables lightweight and flexible displays, interfaces for the visually impaired, and drag reduction on marine vehicles.
Tropical Storm Lorena made landfall in northwestern Mexico after approaching the country, bringing heavy rainfall to Arizona. The NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite provided key imagery of the storm's shape and organization, helping forecasters prepare for potential flooding and severe thunderstorms.
Researchers argue that viewing past human populations as discrete branches on an evolutionary tree is misleading and instead propose a dynamic changes in connectivity model, which better explains genetic diversity and fossil records. This shift in understanding could address complex questions in human evolutionary studies.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite tracked Tropical Storm Karen as it formed in the Caribbean Sea and encountered wind shear, causing its shape to become less organized. The storm is expected to bring heavy rains and gusty winds to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
Researchers discovered a bacterial enzyme that removes Neu5Gc from cells, potentially preventing inflammatory diseases. A new type of sialidase was found in the gut microbiomes of mice fed with red meat-like diet, which can be leveraged to strip away animal carbohydrates.
New research from the University of Georgia finds that preschool children develop biases towards entire groups after being exposed to biased nonverbal signals. The study suggests that this process can occur as early as early childhood, prior to first grade, and may be an important mechanism for transmitting group biases within culture.
The UN Climate Action Summit emphasizes the need to address climate change's global health emergency. IDSA urges leaders to invest in monitoring and preparedness for infectious disease threats, including vector-borne and waterborne diseases.
A Nova Southeastern University researcher suggests that beneficial microbes are essential for establishing a sustainable human presence on Mars or other planets. By incorporating microorganisms into any future space colonization efforts, the researchers aim to create a more resilient and self-sufficient settlement.
The Affordable Care Act significantly reduced the number of people with diabetes without health insurance. Among those with undiagnosed diabetes, coverage increased from approximately one in four to just eight percent. This shift has substantial implications for the health and economic outcomes of these individuals.
Researchers and publishers promote scientific trustworthiness by adopting practices like article certification badges and public data archiving. Key findings highlight the importance of safeguarding against bias and self-correction in scientific research.
Researchers have discovered nine new species of bees in Fiji, including one that is nearing extinction due to climate-related changes. The study highlights the vulnerability of highland-restricted species to a warming climate.
A new study from Oregon State University finds that cats form attachments with their human owners similar to the bonds formed by children and dogs. The majority of cats (65.8%) are securely attached to their caregivers, while 34.2% exhibit insecure attachment behaviors.
The Obesity Society has released a new evidence-based treatment protocol for intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) to treat obesity in primary care settings. The MODEL-IBT program provides 14 visits in the first 24 weeks, with 7 additional monthly visits through week 52.
Historical phosphorus sources contribute to persistent nutrient pollution in rivers, masking efforts to improve surface water quality. The study highlights the need for long-term accounting of total historical phosphorus storage and reductions in contemporary surpluses.
Researchers suggest Machu Picchu was built on tectonic faults, taking advantage of fracture planes to shape stones and access water. The site's unique architecture reflects the underlying geological fault network.
Guidelines recommend universal screening for opioid use and offering opioid agonist therapy, counselling, and mental health supports. Ongoing support in the postpartum period is crucial for women with opioid use disorders at increased risk of fatal overdose.
A new AI tool will predict near-term crop productivity for African farmers, providing insights into drought tolerance and suitable crops. The app, developed by Penn State researchers, aims to help farmers adapt to climate change through behavioral changes and best practices.
Researchers found that graphene shares similar mechanical properties with 3D graphite and has a significantly thicker thickness than believed. Graphene's true thickness was determined to be around 0.34 nm, revealing its 3D nature.
A recent analysis found that most cancer drug submissions lack health-related quality of life data and fail the cost-effectiveness test. The study highlights the need for better reimbursement policies to balance costs and benefits of expensive cancer treatments.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham found that drivers often forget seeing approaching motorcycles, leading to fatal crashes. In experiments using a driving simulator, drivers failed to recall critical approaching vehicles on up to 15% of occasions.
Megan Young, MD, assistant dean and geriatrics professor at Boston University School of Medicine, received the 2019 Women Physicians Section Inspiration Award. She is known for her infectious enthusiasm, thoughtful approach to teaching, and dedication to mentoring students.
A study of 69 individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) reveals that conflict-related brain activity in 36 regions predicts successful exposure-based psychotherapy. The findings provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying OCD and support a tailored treatment strategy.
The new national guideline provides evidence-based treatment options for people with severe opioid use disorder, including injectable opioid agonist treatment with prescription heroin and hydromorphone. The guideline aims to reduce overdose deaths by supporting health care providers in delivering life-saving treatments.
A study found that older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are twice as likely to use prescription synthetic oral cannabinoids compared to those without COPD. This raises concerns about the potential dangers associated with this medication class, particularly in subgroups at heightened risk for adverse events.
A study published in Annals of Neurology found that the spread of seizures through the brain can be suppressed by a
Researchers at Ohio State University have found a new method for harnessing thermal energy by exploiting paramagnetic particles, which can produce spin and generate electricity. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient thermoelectric materials and energy harvesting technologies.
Russian and French scientists confirm Karla crater is an impact structure through paleomagnetic, petromagnetic, and geochemical samples. The study was conducted by researchers from Kazan Federal University and CEREGE, France.
The research focuses on improving oil recovery efficiency through innovative integrated methods and polymer solutions. Laboratory experiments demonstrate the significant influence of mineral skeleton properties on polymer viscosity, highlighting the importance of optimal concentration selection.
Tropical Storm Kiko exhibits a tight circulation center with low clouds and deep convection. The storm is forecast to strengthen briefly before weakening and potentially becoming a remnant low later this week.
A study found that only 4% of adolescents with nicotine use disorder received counseling, and 1.2% were prescribed medications to help them quit. Medical professionals are largely missing opportunities to intervene and prevent long-term health consequences of nicotine use disorder.
A new study finds that kids who specialize in a chosen sport tend to engage in higher levels of vigorous exercise, increasing their risk of injuries such as stress fractures, tendinitis, and ACL tears. The study suggests moderating the amount of time young athletes spend engaging in vigorous physical activity can help mitigate this risk.
A new study framework improves and expands current practice in fossil color reconstruction by incorporating chemical signatures of different pigments. This framework provides a reliable and repeatable approach to test fundamental hypotheses related to animal physiology, ecology, and behavior.
Ancient rauisuchian fossils found in southern Africa reveal that these croc-like predators fed on vegetarian dinosaurs during the Triassic period. The discovery sheds light on how these carnivores thrived in a region close to the Antarctic Circle, challenging previous assumptions about their physiology.
The study reveals climate models may overestimate aerosol particle numbers by a factor of 4 to 7 and underestimate radiative energy scattering by a factor of 2 to 5. Sea-spray aerosol production is closely tied to sea-surface temperature and phytoplankton-related biomass.
Increasing nut consumption by half a serving a day may help stave off gradual weight gain, according to researchers. Substituting unhealthy foods with nuts was associated with lower risk of obesity and weight gain.
The report examines wind energy impacts on sensitive wildlife, citing the need to balance wildlife conservation with rapid greenhouse gas emissions reductions. It highlights areas where further research is needed to minimize wind turbine effects on birds and bats.
A study by University of Michigan wildlife ecologist Nyeema Harris found that human pressures on mammals in West African protected areas are driven primarily by livestock grazing and forest product gathering, not poaching. The research highlights the need for conservation efforts to incorporate livestock husbandry into management plans.
A $1.2M grant will establish a network of recirculating aquaculture systems to produce Atlantic salmon in the US, increasing sustainability and reducing imports. The project aims to develop environmentally friendly land-based systems that can replace imported seafood, promoting domestic production and reducing trade deficits.
A team of scientists developed a technique using light to activate an Iridium-based compound that cuts off the 'power source' in cancer cells, even under hypoxia. This method could reduce side effects and potentially immunize against future cancers.
A study published in Nutrition and Cancer found that consuming sofrito, which includes onions and garlic, was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Women who ate sofrito more than once per day had a 67% decrease in risk compared to those who never ate it.
A recent study found that domestic cats bond with their owners in a way that's surprisingly similar to infants, with about 65% of both cats and kittens classified as securely attached. This suggests that cats' human attachments are stable and present in adulthood.
Researchers identified links between genetic variants and early activation of memory T cells, suggesting problems with regulating this process could lead to immune diseases. The study's findings could help narrow down the search for molecular pathways involved in immune diseases.
This observational study found that insulin treatment was used less frequently among older adults (75-79 years) in poor health compared to those in good health. The study also revealed higher discontinuation rates of insulin treatment among those in poor health, suggesting potential implications for diabetes management.
Doctors argue that UK TV advertising regulations on unhealthy kids' foods were weakened due to industry influence. A thematic analysis of public consultations found that commercial interests often took precedence over public health concerns.
The new AR head-mounted display delivers a realistic 3D viewing experience with an enlarged eye-box and increased field of view. It uses pixel beam scanning to keep images in focus regardless of distance, resulting in high-quality images without dispersion.