The study reveals that humans developed longer ventricles and larger chamber sizes due to endurance exercise, contrasting with great apes' shorter intense bursts of resistance. This suggests a trade-off between pressure and volume in the human heart's evolution.
Researchers develop robotic fish predators that induce fear responses in mosquitofish, triggering avoidance behaviors and physiological changes associated with energy reserve loss. Brief exposure to a robotic largemouth bass replica provokes meaningful stress responses in mosquitofish.
The Building a Healthy Temple Cancer Prevention Program is expanding to 30 churches in San Antonio and the Rio Grande Valley to educate and support at-risk individuals with faith-based health programming. The program aims to reduce cancer risks through good nutrition, physical activity, and healthy lifestyle habits.
Researchers found that as the Indian Ocean warms, it generates additional precipitation, drawing air from other parts of the world to dilute its salinity. This results in saltier water in the Atlantic Ocean, which accelerates its circulation, providing a potential 'jump-start' for the AMOC.
Researchers call for standardized protocols in climate experiments to predict ecosystem changes, as most existing studies are unrealistic and fail to account for projected climate scenarios. This lack of reliable data hinders our ability to forecast and plan for the future.
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina identified mutations in ciliary genes causing bicuspid aortic valve and aortic valve narrowing. The study revealed that disruption of cilia development leads to BAV disease and calcification on the aortic valve.
Research published in eNeuro found that female mice isolated during adolescence showed atypical brain development and habitual behavior in adulthood. Social isolation was linked to dendritic spine excess and impairment of goal-dependent decision making, highlighting the importance of social experience during adolescence.
A world first study reveals how gut bacteria influence blood sugar levels by communicating with cells producing serotonin in the host body. The microbiome worsens metabolism by driving up serotonin levels, leading to significant metabolic problems.
A new needle-free flu vaccine patch has been developed that effectively stimulates the immune system without negative side effects. The patch uses a synthetic peptide to disrupt the skin barrier, allowing the flu vaccine virus to be delivered, and has shown promise in early human trials.
A new study by Boston University School of Medicine found that CAUTI rates decreased significantly after the implementation of value-based incentive programs, but not due to improved patient outcomes. The change in definition likely led to artificial inflation of hospital performance scores.
Researchers discovered that chronic inflammatory processes in aging brains lead to lymphoma cells being retained in the brain tissue instead of being released back into the blood. The NF-kappaB signaling pathway and CCL19 play a crucial role in this process, allowing lymphoma cells to multiply and develop tumors.
Researchers found that Leishmania parasites protect themselves from starvation by making an unusual carbohydrate reserve called mannogen, which enables their survival within human hosts. This discovery provides a new understanding of the parasite's metabolism and could lead to the development of new therapies for Leishmaniasis.
Physicists have identified how to distinguish between true and 'fake' Majorana states in topological superconductors, a crucial step for advancing the field of quantum computers. By investigating supercurrents, they found that sign reversals can indicate trivial states.
Researchers emphasize the need to boost phosphorus use efficiency in farming systems due to its limited supply and environmental concerns. Strategies include breeding crops that utilize phosphorus more efficiently, designing crop rotations, and utilizing soil organic matter and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
A new statistical modeling tool uses features of a weed species and geography to predict high-risk areas where weeds are likely to spread first. Land management authorities can use the tool to identify at-risk areas that require careful monitoring, improving early detection and effective containment of invasive weeds.
Jia Rao's research aims to overcome bottlenecks in high-speed networks and virtualized networks by developing stress-testing approaches, pipelining processes, and scheduling algorithms. The goal is to improve efficiency in commodity operating systems, allowing users to capitalize on the speed of high-performance networks.
Scientists at University of California, Irvine predict that Valley fever will double in size this century due to climate change. The fungal infection is expected to become widespread in previously unaffected areas across the western U.S., including Montana, Nebraska, and Wyoming.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found that postpartum women experiencing headaches from anesthesia after neuraxial anesthesia during childbirth are at a higher risk of being diagnosed with intracranial subdural hematoma. The study suggests a potential association between these two conditions.
A University of Houston chemist is investigating the role of copper in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The researcher aims to understand how cells regulate copper levels, which are found to be unusually high in people with the disease.
A genetic variant in the DNMT3A region of chromosome 2p appears to help people with MRSA clear blood stream infections by regulating immune response. The mutation reduces levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, allowing for a more effective host response.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed soft robotic devices driven by neuromuscular tissue stimulated by light, enabling biobots to swim and walk autonomously. The new generation of two-tailed bots uses skeletal muscle tissue and optogenetic neurons for propulsion.
The RIS neuron in threadworms serves both to induce sleep after shedding its cuticle or recovering from stress, and to halt movement during locomotion, enabling the worm to change direction or avoid danger. This dual function highlights the complexity of simple life forms like worms.
A study found that men with the BRCA2 gene fault are almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and develop more serious tumours. Regular PSA testing could help detect these cancers earlier.
A substudy of the NRG Oncology clinical trial found that women rated post-lumpectomy partial breast irradiation as equivalent to whole breast irradiation in terms of cosmetic outcomes and satisfaction. The results suggest that PBI may be a viable option for patients seeking to minimize radiation time commitment and healthcare costs.
Researchers from City of Hope have identified a subgroup of colorectal cancer patients who, despite having many immune cells in their tumors, experience poorer health outcomes due to an overactive immune system. These patients may benefit from immunotherapy to reduce disease recurrence and improve survival rates.
Researchers have discovered a way to convert CO2 into energy-rich carbon monoxide using electricity and an Earth-abundant catalyst, which can be used to produce fuels like synthetic diesel and jet fuel. The team's breakthrough could lead to the development of carbon-neutral products, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed organic solar cells that can harness indoor light to produce electricity. The cells achieve high energy efficiency, with some variants converting up to 26.1% of ambient light into electricity.
Climate change causes grassland communities to lose diverse species, especially those adapted to drought. The loss of native forbs with high specific leaf area indicates water-limited regions are particularly vulnerable.
Weill Cornell Medicine establishes a transformative scholarship program to eliminate medical education debt, covering tuition and living expenses. The $160M initiative will support up to two-thirds of the institution's medical student body, empowering them to focus on their passions and talents without financial burden.
A study of 148 years of fishing records in Lake Simcoe found that commercial fishing led to depletion of high-trophic-level fish, while recreational fishing helped recover trophic levels. Fish stocking and invasive species also impacted the lake's ecosystem.
A new study by the University of Nottingham found that virtual reality (VR) training can improve employee safety by increasing engagement and retention. The research used immersive VR systems to simulate health and safety training scenarios, comparing outcomes with traditional PowerPoint training. The results showed that VR-trained emp...
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have developed a new concept that combines light and sound waves in standard silicon chips, achieving delays of tens of nano-seconds without introducing additional materials. This breakthrough enables the selective processing of sound waves, which is difficult for electronics and optics alone.
A study by Dr Benjamin Vincent found that hunger significantly alters people's decision-making, making them more impatient and prone to settling for smaller rewards. This effect carries over into other kinds of decisions, such as financial and interpersonal ones, indicating a potential danger for those experiencing hunger due to poverty.
A Phase III trial comparing SBRT and conventional RT found no significant difference in pain response or adverse events between the treatments. The study suggests that a single fraction of 8 Gy EBRT may remain the standard of care for patients with localized spine metastases.
Researchers identified six corporate actions that can promote environmental stewardship: aligning vision, mainstreaming sustainability, license to operate, financing transformations, radical transparency, and evidence-based knowledge for action. These changes can be implemented by large corporations to ensure long-term sustainability.
A study from Aarhus University reveals that intimate partner homicide accounts for 57% of all female homicides in Denmark. The majority of these victims are women killed by their male partners, often after prior threats and violence.
West Virginia University astronomers have detected the most massive neutron star ever measured, weighing 2.17 times that of the sun. This groundbreaking discovery was made possible through the Green Bank Telescope and sheds light on the mysteries surrounding these exotic celestial objects.
A national survey of over 1,000 adults reveals widespread misperceptions about racial economic progress, with 97% of participants underestimating the Black-White wealth gap. The researchers argue that cognitive factors and stereotypes contribute to these misperceptions.
SU2C Catalyst teams investigate new treatments for triple-negative breast cancer and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, combining medicines like atezolizumab and ipatasertib with radiation and hormone therapy.
Researchers have developed custom-built microscopes called mesoSPIMs, which can image the minute detail of brain tissue down to individual neurons. These new microscopes provide new insights into brain and spinal cord organization, enabling researchers to investigate neuronal networks involved in cognition, pleasure, or drug addiction.
Researchers found that 2.5% of women and 12.1% of men without established CVD could derive net benefit from aspirin treatment for 5 years. The study used data from a well-characterized web-based decision support program in New Zealand, identifying persons likely to benefit from aspirin treatment based on personalized benefit-harm analy...
Researchers have identified acid ceramidase as a key enzyme in the production of psychosine, a toxic glycolipid that accumulates in people with Krabbe disease. Removing or inhibiting this enzyme has been shown to decrease or eliminate psychosine production and disease symptoms.
Tropical Depression Peipah weakened to a swirl of clouds on Sept. 16, with wind shear pushing strong thunderstorms southwest of the center. The storm was centered near 24.8 degrees north latitude and 142.8 degrees east longitude, about 82 miles east of Iwo To Island, Japan.
Researchers found elevated selection and increased mutational burdens in wild emmer wheat under global warming, but also more beneficial mutations. Genetic responses vary by temperature and rainfall, with high temperatures associated with lower mutational burden and reduced selection.
New research suggests that societal complexity is linked to personality traits, with more complex societies exhibiting greater diversity of personality types. This is explained by the presence of multiple socioecological niches, which shape individual behavior and contribute to success or reinforcement within a given environment.
A longitundinal cohort study found an association between paracetamol intake during mid-pregnancy and behavioral problems in children. Hyperactivity and attention issues were common among young children whose mothers took paracetamol 'sometimes' or more often.
A comprehensive study of intestinal gases has been conducted by UNSW Sydney, examining their interactions with the microbiome and associated disorders. The research highlights the importance of gases in maintaining human health and provides a novel tool for analyzing gastrointestinal gases in vivo.
Researchers designed a quinoxaline-based acceptor that enables efficient organic solar cells with low energy losses. The devices achieved high power conversion efficiencies and improved short-circuit current, fill factor, and open-circuit voltage.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University and Georgia Aquarium have found a significant increase in antibiotic resistance in bottlenose dolphins, with the prevalence of resistance to at least one antibiotic reaching 88.2 percent. The study's findings suggest that the isolates originated from human activities or discharges, highlight...
Researchers found increased AGE levels in eyes of people with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, indicating potential for early detection through lens autofluorescence measurement. A new biomicroscope can detect these levels without invasive procedures.
Recent studies indicate a potential decrease in the rate of new type 2 diabetes cases, although overall prevalence continues to rise. The decline is attributed to improved care and longer survival rates, suggesting that public health initiatives may be contributing to the trend.
The study found that men and women experience different comorbidities as having diabetes or prediabetes, including a higher rate of prediabetes among children. Prediabetic women showed a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and depression compared to men.
A new study found that obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes by 5.8-fold, while genetic predisposition and unfavorable lifestyle factors contribute less to the risk, but still play a role in its development. Lifestyle interventions can help delay the onset of T2D among high-risk subjects.
A study of 585 cancer patients in Australia and Vietnam found that 'bad luck' or fate was the third most common perceived cause of their cancer. This misconception can lead to a lack of willingness to change behavior related to diet, lifestyle, treatment, and care.
Researchers have found a magic wavelength in cadmium, enabling the creation of atomic clocks with unprecedented accuracy. This breakthrough could revolutionize time measurement and test new physics theories.
Research from Lancaster University found that assessment forms for disabled computer allocation schemes often ignored actual preferences, instead relying on pre-set organisational goals. This led to marginalisation of disabled people, with some receiving computers despite not fitting criteria.
Nonphysician providers, including nurse practitioners and physician assistants, rarely render diagnostic imaging services, with most being radiography and fluoroscopy. Despite growing involvement in imaging-guided procedures, NPPs still represent a small fraction of all diagnostic imaging interpretations.
Researchers at the Complutense University of Madrid have identified areas of the retina that change in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. The study used optical coherence tomography to measure retinal layer thickness and found significant thinning in certain locations, which can be used to diagnose the disease before other tests.
The conference brings together experts to discuss emerging trends, best practices for heart disease prevention and management. Attendees will learn from global and local experts on topics such as quality care registries, cardiovascular prevention, advanced heart failure management, and AI in cardiology.
Research found that negative posts receive more comments than positive ones and tend to attract more attention, highlighting the need for companies to respond to negative content strategically. The study analyzed data from 12,000 posts from Fortune 500 companies, finding a nearly 2:1 ratio of negative to positive posts on business pages.