A study found that the sleep/wake cycle is delayed by two hours for every 50-degree increase in latitude during winter, due to changes in sunrise time and insolation. This lag can be mitigated through Summer Time Arrangements or Daylight Saving Time (DST) adjustments.
Scientists developed a reverse-engineered computer model to describe microscopic marine larvae behaviors, providing new insights into their dispersal and distribution. The approach abandons previous methods, revealing realistic patterns observed in nature, enhancing understanding of the marine environment.
A recent study found that climate change can lead to a loss of genetic diversity in species like the alpine marmot. The animal's low genetic diversity makes it vulnerable to adapting to environmental changes.
New experiments by US, Chinese and European physicists have found iron selenide's magnetic properties are highly anisotropic, like other iron superconductors. The material's structure and electronic behavior are surprisingly similar to those of other iron-based superconductors.
Researchers discover varied chemical composition in mantle materials, contrasting with mid-ocean ridge lava. The team's findings suggest that the mantle is not well-mixed and that different rocks melt at different temperatures.
Researchers have developed SABER, a highly programmable method that significantly enhances the sensitivity and customization capabilities of FISH analysis. It enables parallel detection of many targets with high sensitivity and tunability at low costs.
A new study reveals that over 60% of infant deaths in car seats occur due to misuse, with most happening at home. The safest place for a baby to sleep is on a firm, flat surface outside of these devices.
The new project, led by Professor Vinzenz Hediger, investigates war destruction and reconstruction in non-fiction film from 1949 to 1953. The team analyzes public spaces such as marketplaces and squares in various European countries.
The German Research Foundation (DFG) has approved a new Research Training Group focusing on the evolution of complex genetic regulation systems. The GenEvo group will bring together researchers from evolutionary and molecular biology to analyze regulatory processes and their selection under evolutionary pressures.
A researcher examines the case of people living in Jordan's Zaatari camp to understand how digital technology influences their physical space. She suggests a new design approach that prioritizes interior space, incorporating insertable walls and dividers to allow residents spatial authorship.
Researchers from Deerfield Institute found a significant increase in DMD prevalence attributed to enhanced treatments and increased longevity. The study suggests that there is a larger patient population that may benefit from novel treatment interventions such as targeted gene therapies.
A new analysis of oceanic crust cores has found distinct sections of rock with different chemical make-ups in the mantle. This variability could be linked to recycled oceanic crust and its interaction with the surrounding mantle.
The June cover of SLAS Discovery features an article on the benefits of open sharing of compounds in drug discovery. By leveraging pooled knowledge, dark proteins have emerged as potential drug targets, offering a promising approach to exploring new medicines.
Researchers found that patients with benign hyperpigmentation are willing to spend significant time and money to be cured. The study suggests that these conditions have a substantial impact on quality of life, particularly when facial skin is involved.
A new five-stage system defines cardiogenic shock based on narrative patient descriptions, physical findings, and biochemical/hemodynamic markers to facilitate rapid assessment and communication between providers. The consensus aims to standardize vocabulary, recognize risk for adverse outcomes, and inform interventions.
A recent study found that Yellowstone's re-burned forests have a six-fold decline in lodgepole pine tree seedlings and lost significant carbon storage capacity after experiencing two consecutive fires within fewer than 30 years. The researchers estimate it would take over 150 years for the forest to recover its lost carbon.
Researchers used machine learning algorithms to classify solar active regions, discovering new features such as the persistence of flare-producing active regions before and after a flare. The study also identified the build-up of electrical currents before a solar flare event.
Research presented at ATS 2019 reveals that younger generations of coal miners are more susceptible to deaths from black lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to older generations. This trend suggests a potential increase in respiratory health risks among younger workers.
A new study by Intermountain Healthcare introduces the Summit Score, a computer-calculated system that predicts COPD patient outcomes with higher accuracy. The score takes into account various risk factors and can help doctors plan and administer better patient care.
A Penn Medicine study found that compound SR9009 can affect cell growth and metabolic function without the presence of protein REV-ERB, challenging previous understanding of its effects on obesity and diabetes. The research has significant implications for researchers and the general public.
Researchers found that overweight adolescents have similar increased risks of developing heart disorders as obese teenagers. Cardiovascular fitness tests with boys and girls aged 10-17 showed no significant difference in heart rate variability between the two groups.
A new method has been developed to predict the vulnerability of ecosystems, focusing on predators' body mass and prey characteristics. The approach enables researchers to determine habitat structure and stability without comprehensive data on all organisms.
A new study found that limiting extended-duration shifts improved sleep duration among pediatric resident physicians, with weekly sleep duration increasing nearly four hours overall. The study enrolled 302 resident physicians and used a clustered-randomized crossover clinical trial to compare two work schedules.
A Rutgers University study found that Chinese-Americans who experienced child abuse or intimate partner violence are more likely to experience elder abuse. The researchers surveyed 3,157 Chinese-American adults over age 60 and found a significant association between early victimization and later abuse.
Research suggests DGKζ enzyme plays a role in suppressing runaway inflammation in asthma. The enzyme's deletion in mouse T cells led to reduced inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness, two hallmarks of the disease.
The Estonian e-residency program mainly benefits citizens from digitally advanced countries, while those from less developed countries apply for practical reasons. The study highlights the need for further analysis on the potential digital divides and inequalities related to e-residency
A new study by NYU researchers shows that children as young as three years old are willing to punish others' bad behavior, even if it costs them personally. The study found that rates of punishment increased with age and were influenced by factors such as group membership and authority.
Researchers report a unique copper oxide exhibiting high-temperature superconductivity at up to 73 K, distinct structural features from known cuprate superconductors. This discovery suggests new directions for developing high-temperature superconductors.
The study reveals that brain stem cells use a double-lock mechanism to protect genes that control cell identity, preventing unintended activation. This discovery has great therapeutic potential for reactivating stem cells and could lead to new treatments for neurological disorders.
A mindfulness-based parenting intervention has been shown to decrease depression symptoms in mothers with opioid use disorder, particularly those with moderate to severe depression symptoms. The study, published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, found that the intervention was a practical alternative to pharmaceutical treatment.
A team of geoscientists has discovered alternative raw materials that can replace limestone in cement production, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The new sustainable materials can be used to produce high-quality cements with the same beneficial properties as traditional cement.
Purdue University researchers develop sensors inspired by spiders, bats, birds, and other animals to process sensory information faster, enabling drones and self-driving cars to detect and avoid objects better. The sensors can filter out irrelevant data and compute information without needing a power supply.
A new study led by Duke University researchers found that adopting common business practices can increase the demand for improved cookstoves in rural India. The study showed a significant increase in adoption rates, with nearly half of households purchasing stoves in intervention areas compared to zero purchases in control villages.
Researchers found that bonobo mothers aid their adult sons in copulation efforts, protecting them from other males and giving them access to popular spots within social groups. This behavior, rare in chimpanzees, is linked to higher male fertility and reproductive success for the bonobos.
Rice University's NASA-funded TuLIPSS project develops a portable spectrometer that can capture hyperspectral data instantly, unlike current systems that scan line-by-line. The device, called TuLIPSS, uses optical fibers to deliver image components to a detector and customize the balance of spectral and spatial data.
Researchers developed a new testing method using single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze individual cells in diseased organs, revealing genetic glitches that may allow for more effective treatment. The study found promising results in lupus patients and could potentially improve biopsy accuracy for other diseases.
The Stanford Student Robotics club developed an affordable, open-source quadruped robot called Stanford Doggo, which can perform acrobatic tricks and navigate challenging terrain. The robot's cost is estimated under $3,000 and all components can be bought online.
Researchers have identified protective factors that play a strong role in preventing diabetic kidney disease. The study found that certain enzymes, including PKM2, are present in people with good kidney function and may be used as biomarkers and targets for personalized clinical intervention.
The University of Pittsburgh will lead a global, cloud-based data system to improve knowledge of infectious diseases, with a focus on sharing research data and software. The system aims to accelerate infectious disease research and discoveries, leveraging the 'open science' movement.
Bats use echolocation by emitting ultrasonic signals and analyzing echoes to detect objects, but their navigational system relies on a surprisingly small amount of spatial information. This allows them to navigate effectively despite receiving an 'extremely fuzzy picture' of their environment.
A large observational study found that rapid weight change and cardiometabolic risk factors significantly increase dementia risk in older adults. Continuous weight control and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are recommended for preventing dementia development.
Researchers discover potential way to wake up 'sleeping' genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome, a devastating and incurable genetic condition. The approach aims to reduce severe symptoms such as obesity, developmental delays, and hormone dysfunction by targeting the genetic cause of the condition.
A study of Agta hunter-gatherers in the Philippines found that those who adopt farming work around 10 hours a week longer than their forager neighbours, impacting women's lives disproportionately. The research suggests that agriculture may not represent progress as previously thought.
Research at ATS 2019 found no difference in opioid prescriptions between ICU patients with and without opioid care. One year after discharge, ICU patients given opioids did not appear to be at higher risk of receiving opioid prescriptions.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in developing an objective, brain-based test to diagnose autism. The study used fMRI to measure the response of autistic children to social cues, finding that their brains respond differently than typically developing children.
A recent study used virtual reality to observe burglars' behavior, revealing their expertise and skill in choosing targets. The results suggest that experienced burglars are more efficient and discriminate in their thefts, targeting high-value areas and avoiding security measures.
The proceedings from the inaugural Medical Summit on Firearm Injury Prevention identify a consensus-based approach to reduce injury, disability, and death from firearm violence. The article outlines a public health framework for addressing the crisis, including research, education, and targeted injury prevention initiatives.
An international team of scientists used structured expert judgment to estimate plausible ranges for future sea level rise from melting ice sheets. Their findings suggest that coastal communities should not rule out the possibility of 21st-century SLR in excess of two metres when developing adaptation strategies.
A new study shows women in eight sub-Saharan African countries gaining access to and using modern contraception at a faster rate than projected, with married women the biggest users. The average annual growth rate of change in modern contraceptive prevalence exceeded the 1.4% benchmark set by the 2012 London Summit on Family Planning.
A study of over 19,000 people found that women with obstructive sleep apnea are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer than men. The research, published in the European Respiratory Journal, suggests that women with severe OSA and low blood oxygen levels during sleep may be at greater risk of developing cancer.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have discovered that inhibiting the BRD4 protein can consistently regulate prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. The study provides promising insights into preventing the spread of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), a highly aggressive form of the disease.
A QUT study found 68% of drivers willing to use apps blocking texting, web browsing, and email, as long as hands-free calls are permitted. However, only 37% were prepared to block all phone use if it meant sacrificing music functions.
Researchers have uncovered a high-quality jadeite tool with an intact rosewood handle at an ancient salt processing site in Belize. The discovery highlights the significance of salt and Maya salt workers in the Classic Maya marketplace economy over 1,000 years ago.
Progressive massive fibrosis, a severe form of black lung disease, is increasing among coal miners, despite unknown causes. Analysis of lung tissue samples from 1996 to 2019 failed to detect an increase in silicotic PMF, suggesting alternative explanations for the trend
The Radio Me project uses AI to adapt and personalize live radio, providing personalized reminders, information, and music for people with dementia. The system aims to improve quality of life and reduce hospital admissions by up to 30%.
Chronic viral infections trigger cachexia through reorganized fat tissue and CD8 T cells, contrary to expectations.
The policy statement recommends optimizing stroke systems of care with standardized triage protocols, public education initiatives, and comprehensive post-stroke care. The goal is to maximize patient outcomes in acute stroke care, addressing disparities among racial and ethnic minorities.
Scientists have successfully synthesized helical ladder polymers using a novel electrophilic aromatic substitution method. The resulting molecules exhibit well-defined right-handed helical geometry and can be modified to create nanoscale architectures for various applications.
Researchers used zebrafish and human cells to determine how blood stem cells receive Wnt signaling, discovering the crucial role of the epidermal growth factor receptor. This finding may advance laboratory development of blood stem cells, potentially leading to off-the-shelf treatments for patients with blood diseases.
Researchers have created a system that can systematically rewire two-component systems in bacteria, allowing them to identify the function of an unknown sensor. This technology has wide-ranging implications for medical diagnostics, pathogen study and environmental monitoring.