Articles tagged with Molecular Targets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new 'lab on a chip' developed by Brigham Young University researchers can detect extremely low concentrations of molecules, allowing for potential disease diagnosis. The device uses capillary action and receptor-lined pipes to measure molecule concentrations, providing an alternative to conventional lab equipment.
A novel 'beads on a string' approach may help reduce cost and development time for agents that neutralize and clear pathogenic molecules. The strategy has been shown to be efficacious against several toxins and may also prove effective in targeting other types of pathogens.
By combining modeling, simulation, analysis, and visualization, researchers can identify potential binding sites on a virus. The work of discovering a breakthrough new drug begins with analyzing the virus, bacteria or mutation that causes the illness, and creating a three-dimensional model to understand its structure and shape.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective method for three-dimensional RNA structure prediction, enabling scientists to understand the functions of RNA molecules that dictate human cell behavior. The technique has the potential to help identify new therapeutic targets for diseases.
Researchers at UCLA have identified dihydromyricetin as a potential treatment for acute alcohol intoxication and withdrawal symptoms. The compound blocks the action of alcohol on the brain's GABAA receptors, reducing voluntary consumption without major side effects.
Researchers have identified Ric-8 as a chaperone that facilitates the transport of G proteins to the cell membrane. Without Ric-8, G proteins are destroyed and their biological processes are disrupted. Understanding the role of Ric-8 in G protein function may lead to more effective treatments for various diseases.
Researchers at MIT have developed a system that visually signals the presence of target chemicals by emitting a fluorescent glow. The approach combines fluorescent molecules with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to provide easy visual identification of toxins or pathogens.
Researchers discovered a molecular mechanism allowing signals from target cells to support neuron survival. Activated protein Rac plays a crucial role in long-range signaling and retrograde transport of neuronal survival signals.
Researchers have identified a potential new target for treating obesity by studying the molecular control of appetite in mice. Nutrient intake triggers the secretion of uroguanylin, which is then converted to uroguanylin and binds to GUCY2C receptors, leading to decreased food intake.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to use glucose meters for detecting multiple targets in various samples. Functional DNA sensors enable the detection of vital metabolites, contaminants, and disease markers in a simple, low-cost, and portable manner.
The foundation awarded individual grants to six new researchers and funded 18 collaborative grants, totaling over $3.1 million. The grants focus on reprogramming enzymes and genes into therapies to eradicate cancer stem cells.
Researchers create rapid, low-cost imprinting process for nanodevices, enabling production of devices with high sensitivity and precision. The new approach overcomes complexity and expense challenges in processing nanoporous materials.
Researchers have identified multiple molecular targets of the anti-HIV drug nelfinavir, which may explain its effectiveness as a cancer therapy. The study, published in PLOS Computational Biology, suggests that the collective effect of these weak interactions leads to the clinical efficacy of nelfinavir.
Researchers have identified a key role for fibulin-5 in preventing pelvic organ prolapse (POP) by facilitating elastic fiber assembly and inhibiting MMP9 activity. This discovery may lead to nonsurgical treatments targeting elastic fiber-degrading proteins.
Researchers have discovered that ROCK2 protein is involved in regulating the production of IL-17 and IL-21, which are linked to autoimmunity. Administration of a ROCK inhibitor has shown promise in reducing disease symptoms and ameliorating conditions in mice models.
A new NIST prototype method detects and measures elusive hazards such as concealed explosives and toxins using a technique called headspace analysis. The method is sensitive enough to measure amounts of target materials that constitute as little as 0.0000002 percent of a sample.
Scientists discover that quinoline compounds inhibit S100A9's pro-inflammatory effects on white blood cells involved in immune regulation. This new mechanism may provide insights into the early stages of autoimmune disease development.
Researchers developed a two-armed nanorobotic device that can capture and maneuver molecules within DNA structures, enabling the creation of new materials and potential applications in synthetic fibers, encryption, and computer assembly.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have identified several compounds that block unwanted RNA coupling, a key step in the disease. The discovery offers hope for developing a drug-like molecule to treat myotonic muscular dystrophy.
A potent bacterial toxin targets human cells expressing Neu5Gc, a sugar incorporated from diet, making humans susceptible to disease. Red meat and dairy products are richest dietary sources of Neu5Gc, increasing the risk of E. coli infection.
Researchers found that eating red meat absorbs human cells with non-human molecules, making them a target for disease-causing bacteria. The study emphasizes the need to eat well-cooked or pasteurized dairy products to avoid food poisoning.
Researchers at DKFZ have developed a new simulation method to predict the molecular targets that control cell behavior. This breakthrough may lead to new treatments against cancer metastasis by targeting specific genetic changes.
Researchers have developed a new MRI technique that combines high temperatures with hyperpolarized xenon to create a supersensitive diagnostic system. The method, called Hyper-CEST MRI, allows for faster and more selective imaging of specific target molecules, such as tumors in human subjects.
In a developing nervous system, peripheral nerve cells compete for NGF availability, with stronger connections surviving while weaker ones die. Target tissues release NGF protein, which changes from a growth cue to a survival factor, ultimately determining cell fate.
Researchers at Purdue University developed a new modeling technique to study and design miniature biosensors. The model explains why certain designs perform better than others and refutes long-held assumptions about sensor performance.
A study published in EMBO reports reveals that AKAP18, a crucial regulator of protein kinase A, may help the heart beat faster in response to adrenaline or noradrenaline. This could lead to improved survival rates for patients with heart failure and heritable heart disease.
Researchers have developed multifunctional nanoparticles that target and image cancer cells by exploiting overexpression of folic acid receptors. These dendrimer-based systems can accumulate in diseased cells and retain bright fluorescence, allowing for easy visualization via confocal microscopy.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have introduced a DNA targeting component in light-activated molecular systems, allowing for more selectivity in attacking cancer cells. The new system uses visible light to signal the synthesized bioactive molecules to cleave DNA, reducing damage to healthy tissue.
The researchers created an inexpensive method to screen for millions of different biomolecules using tiny customizable particles. The technology has the potential to make possible the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics and could be used for disease monitoring, drug discovery, or genetic profiling.
Researchers created dual-modality microbeads to identify disease biomarkers, allowing for faster and more efficient detection of viruses and proteins in human blood and urine. The new technology can analyze very low concentrations of target molecules, enabling diagnosis of diseases like Alzheimer's with high sensitivity.
The NIH is funding a high-throughput screening center network at Scripps Research Institute and Scripps Florida to identify proof-of-concept molecules for studying human health and developing new treatments. The three-year grant aims to accelerate the application of chemical biology to understand physiology and pathophysiology.
Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and least curable form of brain tumors, may be targeted with new molecular therapies. Researchers identified a protein called Fra-1 that controls malignant features of brain tumor cells and a receptor for interleukin 13 that can be augmented by cytokines to increase treatment accessibility.
Researchers have identified a potential target for preventing HIV transmission through vaginal membranes. A modified chemokine called PSC-RANTES was found to be effective in blocking SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques, offering hope for the development of a topical agent to prevent HIV infection in humans.
The Center of Excellence on Restoration of Function (CERF) at Yale University has received a five-year, $4.5 million grant to study spinal cord repair. The research aims to protect, repair and support the injured nervous system, with potential breakthroughs in treating conditions like multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injuries.
Researchers developed a colorimetric detection capability for Nanosphere's nanoparticle-based molecular detection systems, improving the identification of genomic DNA, RNA, and protein targets. The new technology enables sensitive and specific detection without amplification procedures.
Researchers have discovered a chemical modification of the dopamine transporter that enables amphetamine-induced dopamine release. This finding may lead to the development of treatments for drug addiction by targeting this molecular mechanism.
Scientists have overcome technical difficulties by linking ribozymes to helicases, allowing for efficient inhibition of target RNAs and enabling the development of a method for investigating random RNA functions.
The new process uses a terawatt laser to deliver incredible energies in femtoseconds, sorting isotopes by molecular weight. This breakthrough eliminates the need for huge electro-magnets and cross-contaminated byproducts, making it an efficient alternative to gaseous diffusion.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can mimic one of its molecular targets, blocking interferon's ability to kill viruses. This discovery may lead to the development of new therapies by targeting the E2 protein sequence that interferes with PKR phosphorylation.
A team of scientists has made a breakthrough discovery in understanding how the HIV virus attaches to immune system cells, revealing new targets for anti-HIV vaccines and drugs. The study found that the virus uses multiple defenses to evade attack, including shape-shifting projections and carbohydrate molecules.
Scientists have identified a new molecular target that could lead to novel therapies for ischemic cardiovascular disease. The A3 adenosine receptor has been found to exert sustained protection against injury during exposure to ischemia, suggesting potential for drug development.
Researchers at Penn State aim to protect crops by targeting insect taste buds, which are a direct connection between the central nervous system and the outside. By identifying chemicals that stimulate or suppress feeding behavior, scientists hope to develop more effective control methods for corn rootworm pests.
Chemist Benjamin Miller has devised a way to create new drugs by using metal atoms to assemble countless combinations of molecules, then selecting the best candidates through a Darwinian process. This method shifts the burden of tedious drug development work off technicians' shoulders, offering a faster and more efficient approach.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified four human genes critical to cell division, which could lead to more effective cancer treatments. The genes are part of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and play a crucial role in regulating mitosis.
Scientists at Indiana University have identified a new potential target for treating parasitic diseases in human cells. The discovery suggests that chloroplast-like plastids, which are found in single-celled parasites, may play an important role in the cell and could be targets for drug therapies.
A study published in Science journal demonstrates the efficacy of vascular targeting agents (VTAs) in treating large solid tumors. VTAs selectively occlude tumor vasculature, causing massive tumor cell death and advanced necrosis within 72 hours. The treatment is well-tolerated and results in complete or partial tumor regressions in mice.