Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Researchers at HKUMed identified a new type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with EBV and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Global DNA hypermethylation was found to be a critical step in NPC pathogenesis, while global DNA hypomethylation may lead to immune evasion.
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that a single bout of exercise can significantly suppress tumour growth in people with late-stage prostate cancer. The researchers observed increased levels of anti-cancer myokines after high-intensity exercise, which helped fight cancerous cells and stimulated anti-cancer processes.
Researchers found that simultaneously targeting two signalling switches can severely inhibit tumour angiogenesis, cancer growth and metastasis in multiple models of cancer. This approach has the potential to restrict a cancer's ability to escape therapy by rapidly destroying the VEGF receptor when both receptors are targeted.
Researchers from The Mount Sinai Hospital found that talquetamab, a bispecific antibody, was successful in killing multiple myeloma cells in over 70% of patients. This therapy directs the immune system to target cancer cells and has shown promise even for those who have resisted all other treatments.
Researchers have discovered the three-dimensional structure of phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) and how it changes with cancer-associated mutations. This knowledge enables the design of targeted drugs that can specifically bind to mutated versions, potentially eliminating side effects associated with current PI3Kα inhibitors.
Researchers at UCSF and IBM Research create a predictive model that encodes commands for cells to kill cancer cells. By combining words that guide engineered immune cells, they can predict which elements should be included in a cell to carry out precise behaviors. This advance allows scientists to rapidly design new cellular therapies.
Researchers found that tumor cells directly interact with blood vessel cells, altering their normal clockwise orientation to a counterclockwise position. This interaction may play a role in cancer metastasis and could be targeted for prevention and treatment.
A new mechanism has been uncovered that enables cancer cells to move throughout the body, allowing them to spread and form metastases. This discovery provides a potential new target for stopping these deadly spreads, which are responsible for 90% of cancer deaths.
Researchers identify POLQ's vital role in responding to DNA replication stress and its potential as a cancer target. Inhibiting POLQ may limit mutation diversity and cancer evolution, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
Research found that male rats exposed to ifosfamide during adolescence had offspring and grand-offspring with increased incidence of diseases, including kidney and testis problems. The study's epigenetic analysis revealed changes passed down through sperm and ova, indicating a potential risk for future generations.
A team of researchers has developed a bioorthogonal molecular system that selectively transports nitrite ions to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are released, triggering cell death in cancer cells. The system demonstrates synergistic effects with various cancer therapy drugs.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have designed novel nanoparticles that co-deliver a chemotherapy drug and a novel immunotherapy, shrinking tumors in mouse models of colon and pancreatic cancer. The therapy silences a gene involved in immunosuppression by blocking Xkr8 protein distribution on the cell membrane.
Researchers discovered MYC protein spheres protect sensitive DNA sites from enzyme collisions, leading to cancer cell death. The discovery opens doors for developing specifically effective drugs to prevent sphere formation.
Researchers identified molecular profiles of tumor matrices around squamous cell lung cancers, finding that altered matrices promote tumour growth and chemotherapy resistance. The study sheds light on why some patients progress well and others don't, and how personalized treatment can be developed.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have made a groundbreaking discovery about metastatic cancer, showing that cancer cells adapt their metabolism to the tissue in which they grow. This understanding opens new doors to develop more effective treatments by targeting metabolic inhibitors specifically.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dying colon cancer cells release ATP to neighboring tumor cells, activating a survival signaling pathway. Interrupting this communication can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against resistant tumors.
Researchers found that HER2-positive breast cancer patients with high levels of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in residual disease have significantly shorter overall survival. High levels of TILs are associated with poorer outcomes, while lower levels are linked to improved survival rates.
A new prodrug called DRP-104 targets cancer cells' high demand for glutamine, eliminating them while sparing healthy tissues. The drug is in early-stage clinical trials for advanced solid tumors and shows promise as a safer alternative to existing treatments.
Researchers at Clinica Universidad de Navarra found that ultrasound-guided surgery (IOUS) is more effective and quicker than traditional wire-localisation methods for treating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This technique reduces the risk of positive margins, a common cause of second operations.
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
Researchers have successfully used CRISPR technology to substitute genes in immune cells, allowing them to focus on cancer cells while sparing normal cells. The new approach, presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) 2022, has shown promising results in treating patients with various solid cancers.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
A new study published in ACS Central Science finds that some microRNAs can upregulate specific genes, increasing protein production in both normal and cancer cells. This discovery expands our understanding of how microRNAs function and has implications for the development of miRNA-based therapeutics.
Researchers discovered that X chromosome is actively silenced in about 4% of male cancer samples, a phenomenon previously seen only in female cells. This finding could lead to new insights into the development and treatment of various types of cancers.
Researchers found that cancer cells can migrate faster in higher viscosity environments due to the formation of denser actin networks and cooperative signaling pathways. This discovery provides a new framework for understanding metastasis and may lead to the identification of potential targets to combat cancer spread.
Researchers found that reducing SAMHD1 levels made brain tumor cells sensitive to chemotherapy drugs and slowed cell growth. They also suspect that glioblastoma alters SAMHD1's function to aid its own survival and treatment resistance.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a new technique to detect breast cancer-related markers using transistors, offering a less invasive method for monitoring patients. The system successfully detected epidermal growth factor receptor expression on cancer cells.
Filopodia contribute to building a barrier surrounding breast tumours, blocking their escape. Cancer cells lacking Myosin-10 cannot maintain this barrier, making it easier for them to spread.
In the ARROS-1 trial, 48% of patients achieved partial responses to NVL-520, with responses seen across all dose levels and in heavily pre-treated patients. The treatment also showed promise for brain metastases, with three out of three patients experiencing measurable response or no emergence of new metastases.
A new experimental drug has shown promising results in treating liver cancer, with two patients experiencing a partial response to the treatment. The drug, NMS-01940153E, targets an enzyme that plays a critical role in cell division and growth, and its side effects are manageable.
Researchers at UNIGE have discovered a way to overcome resistance to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer, using an optimized combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for developing targeted therapies that can effectively treat patients with low five-year survival rates.
A gene signature of four specific genes (SAA1, SAA2, APOL1, and MET) predicts the risk of tumour spreading and survival in kidney cancer patients. The study identified a link between the microenvironment and immune system inhibition.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have identified a mechanism that helps dendritic cells migrate more quickly to lymph nodes. The discovery reveals that forming multiple centrosomes enables these immune cells to stay on course longer before continuing their search.
A large multi-center study analyzing patient records from three major cancer centers found that ILC is detected later and has worse outcomes than IDC. The research highlights the need for new imaging technologies to improve early detection of ILC, which often spreads beyond breast tissue before diagnosis.
A global study found that early-stage mucinous ovarian cancer patients with an infiltrative pattern of invasion have poorer survival chances. This discovery could lead to more targeted treatment strategies for these patients. Researchers hope to develop targeted drugs and align treatment guidelines worldwide.
Researchers found that high PERK activity correlates with poorer outcomes and lower anti-tumor immune cells in patients with melanoma. Inhibition of PERK promoted a type of cell death called paraptosis, which involved trafficking of immune cells to tumors and matured dendritic cells triggering anti-tumor T cell immunity.
Coskun's team has developed SpatialVizScore, a new method that visualizes tumor immunology in cancer tissues to identify patients more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The system looks at the interactions of multiple immune cells, including macrophages with subtypes M1 and M2.
Researchers developed a low-cost, simple imaging system using tumor-targeting fluorescent molecules to determine tumor depth. The portable system provides quantitative information about the depth of tumor cells in the body, helping surgeons remove healthy tissue around tumors for better outcomes.
A recent study reveals that cancer cells adopt a softer state to facilitate metastasis, forming a new mechanical state with rigid islands in a fluid environment. This state allows tumors to grow while providing room for soft, motile cells to break out and form metastases.
Scientists have identified a protein that regulates cancer cell spread and normal tissue cell shedding, potentially leading to new treatments. The research suggests that metastasis is not an abnormal process limited to cancer but a normal process used by healthy cells.
Researchers have developed a new approach to test the efficacy of multiple anticancer drug combinations simultaneously, rapidly, and accurately. Combi-seq overcomes limitations of conventional technologies by using microfluidics to carry out large-scale experiments with small sample volumes.
A study published in Science reveals that tumor cells with a specific mutation release a chemical metabolite that weakens nearby immune cells, rendering them less capable of killing cancer cells. The findings highlight the critical role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer growth and provide insights into developing targeted therapi...
Researchers developed a computational platform to identify metabolic vulnerabilities in ovarian cancer genes, suggesting opportunities for targeted therapies. The study found that certain genetic alterations can create vulnerabilities in cancer cell metabolism, which can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified target genes of the MYC oncogene responsible for its growth-promoting effects. By modifying these genomic binding sites, they slowed down cell growth. This finding has significant implications for developing new cancer treatments.
Scientists successfully inhibited cancer cell growth using a modified pyrrolizidine alkaloid that avoids liver damage. The approach uses 'on-site synthesis' near cancer cells to limit toxicity.
Researchers at UEA discovered that 'normal' prostate cells in men with prostate cancer have specific genetic changes that facilitate the growth and spread of cancer. The study suggests treating the whole prostate, not just affected areas, may be more effective.
Tel Aviv University researchers discovered that skin cancer cells interact with astrocytes in the brain, promoting metastasis. By inhibiting this interaction using existing treatments, they delayed the spread of melanoma to the brain by 60-80%. This breakthrough has implications for treating advanced-stage melanoma.
A team of researchers has identified TSG101 as a crucial regulator of the PARP1 enzyme, which is responsible for repairing DNA damage. In cancer cells with BRCA mutations, TSG101 is essential for PARP1 activation, making it a promising target for cancer treatment.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center have found that persulfides, small molecules produced by cells, efficiently suppress membrane damage and ferroptosis. Persulfides act as radical scavengers, interrupting the destructive chain reaction threatening cell integrity.
Researchers discovered that autophagy facilitates the elimination of cancer cells via cell competition, highlighting its potential as a target for cancer prevention and treatment. The study sheds light on the role of autophagy in maintaining tissue homeostasis and opening avenues for novel anti-cancer therapeutics.
Researchers at University of California - San Francisco have developed a new therapy that overcomes cancer cell barriers and marks them for destruction by the immune system. By pulling mutated KRAS protein to the surface, the drug acts as an “eat me” flag, allowing immunotherapy to eliminate all cells bearing this flag.
A new intracellular checkpoint gene, CISH, has been found to suppress the ability of human T-cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. When CISH is disabled, T-cells more effectively recognize mutated proteins produced by tumors, making them more responsive to existing checkpoint therapies.
Bladder cancer researchers discovered a subset of CD8 T cells that adapts to tumor evasion strategies, offering a strategy to reduce tumor cells' ability to fight them off. The study also identified potential ways to make immunotherapy more effective against this deadly cancer by targeting the HLA-E/NKG2A axis.
Researchers have developed a new safety system for CAR-T cells, called VIPER CAR-T cells, that can be turned on or off. This allows doctors to target cancer more aggressively while minimizing side effects. The new system uses an FDA-approved antiviral drug to control the cell's activity.
A study led by University of Pennsylvania scientists reveals how tumor-derived factors stimulate trogocytosis, a process that can help cancer cells evade detection and grow unchecked. Blocking this process improved the effectiveness of CAR T cell therapy in mice.
The PROSPER RCC trial showed no difference in recurrence-free survival between arms, with higher adverse events reported in the nivolumab arm. The trial's results inform future research on neoadjuvant trials in high-risk renal cell carcinoma.
Researchers have developed a synthetic drug that stops cancer cells from producing energy by blocking oxygen conversion. The tiny hairs formed by the drug's molecules can kill even aggressive and untreatable cancer cells within four hours.
A new imaging technique called LC-OCT significantly improved the accuracy of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) diagnosis by 12% compared to clinical and dermoscopic examinations. The technique provided detailed 3D images at a cellular level, enabling more accurate differentiation between BCCs and other skin conditions.
Scientists identified a key event in persister cell survival, finding that cytochrome c release kickstarts the integrated stress response pathway, promoting gene expression that prolongs survival. This process may lead to cancer recurrence and resistance to other treatments.
Researchers discovered that combining a new target with an old chemotherapy drug can reduce resistance and potentially improve treatment outcomes for small cell lung cancer. The study used mouse models to show that inhibiting a protein called SMYD3, along with cyclophosphamide, stopped tumors in their tracks.