Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Researchers have discovered the process of incorporating selenium into 25 specialized proteins, essential for various cellular and metabolic processes. The study provides critical insights into the workings of these vital mechanisms, which could lead to the development of new medical therapies.
Researchers developed a mathematical technique to measure total tumor-specific mRNA levels from bulk tumor sequencing data, associating higher mRNA levels with reduced patient survival. The study suggests this approach could serve as a prognostic biomarker for various cancers, guiding treatment selection.
A new machine learning algorithm called 'ikarus' has found a gene signature characteristic of tumors, distinguishing between healthy and tumor cells in various types of cancer. The algorithm was trained on single-cell sequencing data sets and demonstrated an extraordinarily high success rate in distinguishing between different cell types.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are studying how lipids help fortify lung cancer cells and if targeting them can lead to better outcomes. The team discovered that lipids play a crucial role in cancer cell growth, membrane fortification, and energy production.
Researchers led by Atsuo Sasaki aim to identify mechanisms behind cell movement and energy allocation in cancer cells, with potential applications beyond cancer treatment. They will use scanning ion-conductance microscopy and machine learning technology to study the role of GTP in cellular migration.
A Phase 3 clinical trial is investigating the effectiveness of a combination of two immunotherapy drugs, nemvaluekin alfa and pembrolizumab, compared to standard chemotherapy for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The trial aims to provide a novel treatment option with better efficacy and safety profiles.
A new study found that circulating tumor DNA can identify stage II colon cancer patients who benefit from chemotherapy, sparing others the need for treatment. The study showed reduced use of chemotherapy without compromising survival rates.
A combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab reduced the risk of death by 31% compared to standard care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had previously failed immunotherapy. The study found that these patients lived significantly longer, with a mean overall survival time of 14.6 months.
Researchers have identified new biomarkers to detect non-small cell lung cancer in its early stages through a blood test, offering improved survival chances. The approach can also identify potential drug resistance, allowing clinicians to choose alternative treatment options.
A study found that high fat diets and synthetic substances in unregulated athletic performance enhancers can activate a receptor accelerating the progression of pre-cancerous lesions to pancreatic cancer in mice. Limiting exposure to these substances may help prevent pancreatic cancer development.
Researchers have discovered a membrane lipid called PI(18:1/18:1) that significantly involves in preventing programmed cell death. This finding opens up new therapeutic approaches for diseases such as diabetes, cancer and neurodegeneration.
Researchers from Arizona State University investigate autoantibodies in healthy individuals, revealing their pervasiveness and role in human health and disease. The findings aim to improve diagnostics and therapeutics for a range of illnesses.
A recent study published in Pharmaceutics suggests that berberine can suppress the proliferation of lung cancer cells, reduce airway inflammation, and modulate genes involved in inflammation. The researchers used liquid crystalline nanoparticles to enhance safety and effectiveness.
New research suggests vitamin D can effectively prevent ovarian cancer by restoring the body's natural defenses. The study found that vitamin D counteracts the process of peritoneal metastasis, which allows cancer cells to spread, and strengthens the barrier effect of mesothelial cells.
MD Anderson research highlights new treatments for skin cancers, including novel therapies. The institution also showcased improved goals of care programs, which demonstrated significant reductions in ICU mortality and improved patient outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A team of researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi has discovered a novel structural modification in AMP-activated protein kinase that could pave the way for more effective cancer treatments. The study found that a specific enzyme cleaves and traps the protein in the cell nucleus, rendering it resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered two new DNA repair genes, SETD1A and BOD1L, which can make cancer cells more sensitive to radiotherapy. These findings may lead to improved treatment efficiency and patient outcomes by allowing clinicians to identify targeted treatments for specific patients.
A multidisciplinary research group uses magnetotactic bacteria to create nanomagnetic structures, which can be steered through the human body via external magnetic fields. They have developed a new method to measure the magnetic properties of individual nanomagnets in biological entities, enabling precise control over these structures.
A study published by Mayo Clinic Cancer Center investigates the reasons for decreasing remission rates for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with CAR-T cell therapy. The team found that a gene called TIGIT drives CAR-T cell exhaustion and dysfunction, suggesting its blocking strategy may improve treatment efficacy.
A new mathematical theory explains how cells navigate the risk-speed tradeoff when dividing, balancing risk and speed to ensure survival. The theory applies broadly to all organisms, despite differences between yeast and mammalian cells.
A recent study analyzed a large database of bladder cancer patients and found that fewer than half had been tested for the relevant gene mutation or received erdafitinib treatment, despite its proven efficacy. The research highlights significant barriers to treatment, including obstacles in testing and education for healthcare providers.
A UC Davis study found a critical agent keeping KSHV dormant and undetected by the immune system. The virus is linked to various cancers and AIDS-related diseases. The researchers identified CHD4 as a key regulator of the latency-lytic switch, allowing the virus to stay silent.
A novel connection between genes involved in mitosis and glucose metabolism was found by researchers at Nagoya University. They demonstrated a gene bypass process using evolutionary repair experiments, suggesting that suppressing both Plk1 and CK1 could be more effective in cancer treatment.
Researchers at MIT discovered that cells shed 4% of their mass before cell division to eliminate toxic components. This process allows newborn cells to start with fresh, functional contents, which may help explain why neurons accumulate toxic proteins in Alzheimer's disease.
A new sensor technology allows for real-time monitoring of lactate levels in the brain, providing insights into energy metabolism and potential applications in cancer detection. The sensors corrected for hemodynamic artifacts using MRI-informed corrections enable accurate cell-specific lactate level recordings.
Researchers have discovered that a human enzyme converts marine sponge chemicals into cell-killing compounds, which could lead to the development of new cancer and infection treatments. The findings identified an untapped toolbox of natural and synthetic compounds that can be converted by widespread enzymes into potentially useful drugs.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that healthy developing neurons promote metastatic behaviour in neuroblastoma cells. This discovery highlights the importance of understanding the unique developmental environment within which cancers of embryonic origin form.
Researchers found phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) essential for epithelial cell-cell adhesion and maintaining cellular identity. PIP2 regulates epithelial properties by recruiting Par3 to the plasma membrane, facilitating the formation of adherens junctions and preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.
Scientists have identified a novel drug target that may help overcome resistance to EZH2 inhibitors in cancers with SMARCB1 mutations. By inhibiting the KDM2A gene, cancer cells can regain sensitivity to EZH2 inhibition, offering new hope for effective treatment.
A recent study by Weill Cornell Medicine and Dana Farber Cancer Institute reveals that CDC7 is replaceable by CDK1 in cell division, opening up new avenues for cancer therapies. The finding highlights the complex molecular orchestration of the cell cycle and suggests a powerful new strategy against cancer.
José McFaline-Figueroa, a genomicist at Columbia University, has received a three-year NSF CAREER Award to investigate how cancer cells respond to anti-cancer therapy. His research aims to understand the molecular changes induced in aggressive cancer cells after exposure to treatment and how these changes alter response to treatment.
The University at Buffalo is developing new treatments for ovarian cancer by targeting the apelin receptor. Ovarian cancer cells rely on lipids for energy and survival, making this a promising therapeutic target.
Deleting or inhibiting a protein called lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) may curb the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma tumors. The study found that disrupting LSD1 promotes anti-tumor immunity, which can help fight cancer. The discovery could lead to new and potentially more effective therapies for oral cancer patients.
Researchers found that a critical enzyme called AAG plays a crucial role in making cells respond to stress by communicating between different parts of the cell. This new understanding could lead to improved cancer treatments using alkylating agents, a class of drugs commonly used in chemotherapy.
Researchers have discovered that palmitoylation can occur at the plasma membrane, paving the way for innovative drug discovery strategies. A novel tool, SwissKASH, allows for dynamic observation of this process, enabling precise targeting of oncogenic proteins in cancer therapy.
Researchers discovered that immune cells can enter tissues by exploiting the division of surrounding cells, which creates a gap for them to pass through. This process is crucial for the immune system's rescue service, and understanding it could lead to new strategies for cancer research and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have discovered a novel mechanism that restricts cell division in healthy stomach tissue, protecting against cancerous changes. However, Helicobacter pylori infection deactivates this mechanism, enabling cells to grow uncontrollably and increasing the risk of stomach cancer.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine defined 11 subsets of cells found in esophageal tissue using single cell gene-expression profiling. This study could help clinicians diagnose or treat certain types of cancer by identifying functional cell types contributing to cancer progression.
Researchers have found that treating prostate cancer cells with novel CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors reduces their potential to migrate into surrounding structures. This suggests a promising approach to overcome resistance against anti-androgenic therapy, offering new therapeutic options for patients with advanced disease.
Researchers load CAR-T cells with an oncolytic virus to target and kill solid cancer tumors, providing a potent immune response. The combination approach overcomes challenges in treating solid tumors with CAR-T cell therapy alone.
A new study at the University of Bath found that a key ingredient is missing from all sunscreens, leaving skin vulnerable to damage. The researchers identified iron-trapping extracts that can improve protection against UV rays and oxidative stress, reducing the risk of aging and cancer.
Researchers at Purdue University discovered that some lung cancer patients become resistant to common therapeutics due to epigenetic regulation of the KMT5C gene. This understanding lays the groundwork for future therapeutics and provides insight into the biology and progression of cancers.
MIT biological engineers have developed a new technique that allows them to precisely identify interactions between immune cells and their target antigens. This tool, which uses engineered viruses, enables large-scale screens of such interactions and could accelerate the development of more effective vaccines and immunotherapies.
A study by University of Helsinki researchers found that the immune system attacks itself in rare type of blood cancer. The immune system plays a role in the development and growth of cancer cells, making current therapies less effective.
Researchers at UC San Diego found that ovarian cancer tumors activate FAK protein to regulate CD155 expression, creating a shield against immune detection and evading treatment. New molecular targets may boost immune response and lead to new combinatorial strategies for this disease.
Adding immunotherapy to chemotherapy before surgery reduced the risk of recurrence and death in lung cancer patients by 37%, according to a phase III trial. The treatment also led to a nearly twelvefold increase in pathological complete response, with 24% of patients achieving no active cancer remaining when the tumor was removed.
The CodeBreaK 100 trial demonstrated prolonged tumor responses and favorable safety profiles in patients treated with sotorasib. Long-term treatment was well-tolerated, with a two-year overall survival rate of 32.5%.
Researchers used mathematical modeling to characterize the interplay between immune suppression, immune blockade and antigenicity in pre-cancerous cells. They found that an immunosuppressive environment is crucial for colorectal cancer progression.
Researchers at Okayama University have created a new method to kill cancer cells using light-activated protein AR3, reducing the risk of adverse reactions. The approach uses green light to trigger apoptosis in targeted cells, offering a promising alternative to conventional treatments.
Researchers at Penn Medicine have developed a new approach to alter immune cells for CAR T cell therapy in just 24 hours, cutting manufacturing time from nine to 14 days. This could make the therapy more cost-effective and accessible to more patients.
A team of Danish researchers has shed new light on a fundamental mechanism in all living cells that helps them explore their surroundings and even invade tissue. By studying the mechanical behavior of filopodia, they discovered how cancer cells use these structures to move towards their targets and penetrate tissues.
Researchers create detailed 'atlas' of fallopian tube cells to better understand fertility and disease. The study identifies 10 epithelial cell subtypes and reveals new insights into ovarian cancer origins.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism of action for extracellular vesicles in the development and progression of lymphomas. sPLA2 secreted by tumor-associated macrophages degrades EV-derived phospholipids, enhancing EV function and inducing vital phenomena. This discovery may lead to new drug targets for cancer treatment.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a device that manipulates particles and cells using complex sound waves, enabling selective pairing of individual cells to measure adhesion forces. This technology could lead to personalized medicine by allowing doctors to determine treatment for individual cancer patients.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a novel technology to monitor membrane protein trafficking in real-time using bioluminescence. This allows for the study of cellular processes and drug development for heart disease, metabolic disorders, cancer, infectious diseases, COVID-19, and others.
Researchers have identified two glucose transporters that disrupt the energy supply to invading worm cells and stop them in their tracks. By deactivating these genes, glucose and ATP levels dropped, and worm cells stalled their spread. This discovery could lead to new ways to cut off cancer cells' fuel lines and prevent metastasis.
A new phenomenon was discovered where increased pressure leads to a sudden burst of rapid and coordinated cellular motion, spraying outwards from the tumour. This fluid-like pushing mechanism can kill cancer cells but also enables them to survive and multiply in new environments.
Researchers found that hydroxychloroquine inhibits pathways that drive resistance to cisplatin in head and neck cancers, restoring tumor-killing effects. The study paves the way for a clinical trial combining hydroxychloroquine and cisplatin to treat chemotherapy-resistant patients.
Researchers developed a novel genetic barcode system to mark cancer cells with different gene modifications and image their characteristics. The Perturb-map platform identified specific genes controlling lung tumor growth, immune composition, and response to immunotherapy, offering new approaches for targeting anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found a way to stabilize the cancer-suppressing protein p53 by adding a spider silk protein, creating a more potent variant. This discovery has potential as an approach for cancer therapy.