Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Scientists discovered a new type of DNA repair mechanism that cancer cells use to recover from next-generation cancer radiation therapy. DNA polymerase θ (POLQ) is an important factor in repairing complex DNA double-strand breaks, and inhibiting POLQ may augment the efficacy of heavy ion radiation therapy.
Researchers at the University of Bonn identified unique features and novel lysosomal proteins in six different cell types, including liver cells and cancer cells. The study provides new insights into cellular waste removal machinery and its role in diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A new review paper suggests that selective protection of normal cells from chemotherapy could increase the therapeutic window and improve outcomes for cancer patients. The authors propose using antagonistic drug combinations to kill drug-resistant cancer cells, reducing side effects and improving quality of life.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong identified lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1) as a key factor in promoting confined migration of liver and pancreatic cancer cells. The study found that LH1 promotes metastasis by stabilizing Septin2, which enhances the actin network.
Researchers discovered that quiescent ovarian cancer cells secrete follistatin, which induces resistance in neighboring cells and worsens survival rates. Targeting this protein may improve chemotherapy response and boost survival in patients with aggressive ovarian cancer.
Researchers discovered a new personalized immunotherapy combination that treats aggressive forms of advanced prostate cancer. By blocking PD-1-expressing macrophages and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, the therapy significantly improves response rates in PTEN-deficient cancers.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that platinum accumulates in healthy cells surrounding cancer cells, particularly fibroblasts, and induces gene activation associated with poor response to chemotherapy. Periostin levels serve as a marker of TGF-β activity in fibroblasts and predict treatment benefit.
Researchers discovered that combining ferroptosis induction with immune checkpoint inhibition reduces liver tumour growth and metastases, offering a promising new approach for treating liver cancer
Scientists from SUTD design a novel thermal-based therapy nano-system that destroys over 20% of pancreatic cancer cells using microsecond electrical pulses, improving cancer cell targeting accuracy and bio-compatibility. The introduction of the M13 virus enhances electro-thermal therapy performance by assembling more on cancer cells.
The addition of antioxidants to cell cultures can improve the production of monoclonal antibodies by reducing oxidative stress and increasing cell viability. This has potential benefits for therapies targeting cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have identified CD70 as a novel therapeutic target for eliminating drug-resistant cancer cells in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. CD70 targeting strategies showed significant anti-tumor activity, eliminating resistant cells in laboratory models.
Researchers at CU Cancer Center have discovered a way to activate the p53 tumor suppressor gene, which can kill cancer cells. By inhibiting two repressors of p53, the Integrated Stress Response is activated, leading to cancer cell death in multiple cancer types.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered a new cell death mechanism called disulfidptosis that targets cancer cells with high expression of SLC7A11. Disulfidptosis is triggered by glucose starvation and can effectively suppress tumor growth without significant toxicity in normal tissues.
Researchers found that arginine levels are limited in human cancers, prompting cancer cells to manipulate proteins to take up the amino acid. Starving cancer cells of arginine may lead to mutations that make them more recognizable to the immune system.
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
Researchers developed a method to measure individual biological response to therapy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, enabling real-time evaluation of radiotherapy's impact on patients. This technique allows for tailored radiation doses to optimize treatment and improve outcomes.
Researchers developed a new way to increase vaccine potency by changing the structural location of antigens and adjuvants. This approach, called 'rational vaccinology,' allows for precise dosing and tailored presentation of vaccine components, leading to improved immune response and cancer cell targeting.
A study led by CSIC demonstrates the efficiency of low-intensity ultrasound therapy in inhibiting cancer cell migration in pancreas cancer models. The researchers successfully controlled tumor cell biodynamics without causing damage.
Etoposide's impact on DNA structure has been untangled by Cornell researchers using optical tweezers and magnetic tweezers. The study found that etoposide promotes DNA loop trapping and barrier formation by topoisomerase II, enabling the creation of sensitive screening tools for improving patient treatment.
Scientists at MIT have designed a novel nanoparticle platform that can deliver optimal ratios of multiple cancer drugs, leading to enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects. The bottlebrush-shaped particles can be loaded with varying concentrations of drugs, enabling the precise delivery of synergistic combinations.
Researchers identified a subset of mutations within tumor mutation burden that remain persistent and visible to the immune system, increasing likelihood of response to immunotherapy. This finding enables clinicians to more accurately select patients for clinical trials or predict clinical outcomes with immune checkpoint blockade.
Researchers developed a cancer-selective therapeutic agent that targets cancer cells' unique acidic pH microenvironment, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and killing only cancer cells. The agent, Mito-SA, forms charge-shielded nano-assemblies that selectively disassemble in the tumoral environment.
Researchers found that female patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the afternoon had reduced mortality rates and cancer recurrence compared to those treated in the morning. The study suggests that timing chemotherapy delivery according to an individual's circadian clock may improve treatment outcomes.
Purdue University researchers employ a cellular signal processing system to analyze the migration of cancer cells, identifying the impact of chemical cues and fluid flow on cell movement. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding cancer metastasis and the development of more effective treatments.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have found a way to reprogram cells causing Ewing sarcoma to behave like normal connective tissue cells. By blocking the protein ETV6, cancer cells can be forced to take on a new identity and grow less aggressively.
A team of researchers from Korea and USA identified the importance of lipid homeostasis in overcoming brain cancer radioresistance. They found that regulating diacylglycerol kinase B and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 could potentially sensitize brain cancer cells to radiotherapy, offering a new treatment strategy.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have discovered a new molecular blocker that successfully halted breast cancer metastasis by targeting the Pyk2 and cortactin interaction. The study's findings provide significant hope for fighting breast cancer, as the blocker inhibited metastasis formation in breast cancer-bearing mice.
Researchers developed a computational model of mesenchymal migration to understand how cancer cells navigate tissue. The model confirms that cells adapt their movement based on surface stiffness, using internal biochemical signals and chemical cues from surrounding tissues.
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker that predicts the response to CAR-T cell therapy in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The biomarker identifies differentiated T cells, which can be removed from leukemia products to improve therapy success rates.
Researchers uncover new mechanism of human MCM2-7 complex in regulating replication initiation, offering novel anticancer strategy for selective killing of cancer cells. The study provides high-resolution structural and mechanistic information on the human pre-initiation complex.
Researchers identified key metabolic pathways in tumor-associated macrophages that contribute to cancer development and progression. Targeting these pathways may provide a new perspective for immunotherapy-based cancer treatments.
Researchers at USC Keck School of Medicine found that liver cancer cells hijack circadian clock proteins to replicate and spread. Inhibiting these proteins can prevent cancer cell multiplication and potentially improve outcomes for patients with liver cancer.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh discovered that exhausted cancer-fighting T cells can become immunosuppressive when working in low-oxygen tumor environments. Targeting these conditions can reinvigorate these cells, improving response to immune-based cancer therapies.
A Medical University of South Carolina research team has discovered that HDAC1 plays a crucial role in packing DNA around histones, which can help target cancer cells with inhibitors. The novel egg extract system allows researchers to study DNA packing in real-time, outside of a cell.
Researchers at HKUMed identified a new type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with EBV and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Global DNA hypermethylation was found to be a critical step in NPC pathogenesis, while global DNA hypomethylation may lead to immune evasion.
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that a single bout of exercise can significantly suppress tumour growth in people with late-stage prostate cancer. The researchers observed increased levels of anti-cancer myokines after high-intensity exercise, which helped fight cancerous cells and stimulated anti-cancer processes.
Researchers found that simultaneously targeting two signalling switches can severely inhibit tumour angiogenesis, cancer growth and metastasis in multiple models of cancer. This approach has the potential to restrict a cancer's ability to escape therapy by rapidly destroying the VEGF receptor when both receptors are targeted.
Researchers from The Mount Sinai Hospital found that talquetamab, a bispecific antibody, was successful in killing multiple myeloma cells in over 70% of patients. This therapy directs the immune system to target cancer cells and has shown promise even for those who have resisted all other treatments.
Researchers have discovered the three-dimensional structure of phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) and how it changes with cancer-associated mutations. This knowledge enables the design of targeted drugs that can specifically bind to mutated versions, potentially eliminating side effects associated with current PI3Kα inhibitors.
Researchers at UCSF and IBM Research create a predictive model that encodes commands for cells to kill cancer cells. By combining words that guide engineered immune cells, they can predict which elements should be included in a cell to carry out precise behaviors. This advance allows scientists to rapidly design new cellular therapies.
Researchers found that tumor cells directly interact with blood vessel cells, altering their normal clockwise orientation to a counterclockwise position. This interaction may play a role in cancer metastasis and could be targeted for prevention and treatment.
A new mechanism has been uncovered that enables cancer cells to move throughout the body, allowing them to spread and form metastases. This discovery provides a potential new target for stopping these deadly spreads, which are responsible for 90% of cancer deaths.
Researchers identify POLQ's vital role in responding to DNA replication stress and its potential as a cancer target. Inhibiting POLQ may limit mutation diversity and cancer evolution, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
Research found that male rats exposed to ifosfamide during adolescence had offspring and grand-offspring with increased incidence of diseases, including kidney and testis problems. The study's epigenetic analysis revealed changes passed down through sperm and ova, indicating a potential risk for future generations.
A team of researchers has developed a bioorthogonal molecular system that selectively transports nitrite ions to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are released, triggering cell death in cancer cells. The system demonstrates synergistic effects with various cancer therapy drugs.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have designed novel nanoparticles that co-deliver a chemotherapy drug and a novel immunotherapy, shrinking tumors in mouse models of colon and pancreatic cancer. The therapy silences a gene involved in immunosuppression by blocking Xkr8 protein distribution on the cell membrane.
Researchers discovered MYC protein spheres protect sensitive DNA sites from enzyme collisions, leading to cancer cell death. The discovery opens doors for developing specifically effective drugs to prevent sphere formation.
Researchers identified molecular profiles of tumor matrices around squamous cell lung cancers, finding that altered matrices promote tumour growth and chemotherapy resistance. The study sheds light on why some patients progress well and others don't, and how personalized treatment can be developed.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have made a groundbreaking discovery about metastatic cancer, showing that cancer cells adapt their metabolism to the tissue in which they grow. This understanding opens new doors to develop more effective treatments by targeting metabolic inhibitors specifically.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dying colon cancer cells release ATP to neighboring tumor cells, activating a survival signaling pathway. Interrupting this communication can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against resistant tumors.
Researchers found that HER2-positive breast cancer patients with high levels of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in residual disease have significantly shorter overall survival. High levels of TILs are associated with poorer outcomes, while lower levels are linked to improved survival rates.
A new prodrug called DRP-104 targets cancer cells' high demand for glutamine, eliminating them while sparing healthy tissues. The drug is in early-stage clinical trials for advanced solid tumors and shows promise as a safer alternative to existing treatments.
Researchers at Clinica Universidad de Navarra found that ultrasound-guided surgery (IOUS) is more effective and quicker than traditional wire-localisation methods for treating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This technique reduces the risk of positive margins, a common cause of second operations.
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
Researchers have successfully used CRISPR technology to substitute genes in immune cells, allowing them to focus on cancer cells while sparing normal cells. The new approach, presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) 2022, has shown promising results in treating patients with various solid cancers.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
A new study published in ACS Central Science finds that some microRNAs can upregulate specific genes, increasing protein production in both normal and cancer cells. This discovery expands our understanding of how microRNAs function and has implications for the development of miRNA-based therapeutics.
Researchers discovered that X chromosome is actively silenced in about 4% of male cancer samples, a phenomenon previously seen only in female cells. This finding could lead to new insights into the development and treatment of various types of cancers.
Researchers found that cancer cells can migrate faster in higher viscosity environments due to the formation of denser actin networks and cooperative signaling pathways. This discovery provides a new framework for understanding metastasis and may lead to the identification of potential targets to combat cancer spread.
Researchers found that reducing SAMHD1 levels made brain tumor cells sensitive to chemotherapy drugs and slowed cell growth. They also suspect that glioblastoma alters SAMHD1's function to aid its own survival and treatment resistance.