Scientists develop new device to detect brain tumors using urine
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
Cancer Cells
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Transforming the way cancer vaccines are designed and made
Researchers developed a new way to increase vaccine potency by changing the structural location of antigens and adjuvants. This approach, called 'rational vaccinology,' allows for precise dosing and tailored presentation of vaccine components, leading to improved immune response and cancer cell targeting.
Measuring changes in brain tissue oxygenation for personalized cancer radiotherapy
Researchers developed a method to measure individual biological response to therapy using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, enabling real-time evaluation of radiotherapy's impact on patients. This technique allows for tailored radiation doses to optimize treatment and improve outcomes.
Tweezers untangle chemotherapeutic’s impact on DNA
Etoposide's impact on DNA structure has been untangled by Cornell researchers using optical tweezers and magnetic tweezers. The study found that etoposide promotes DNA loop trapping and barrier formation by topoisomerase II, enabling the creation of sensitive screening tools for improving patient treatment.
A research led from ITEFI-CSIC achieves inhibition of cancer cell migration in vitro after low intensity ultrasound irradiation, allowing a controlled modification of the tumor cells biodynamics without damage
A study led by CSIC demonstrates the efficiency of low-intensity ultrasound therapy in inhibiting cancer cell migration in pancreas cancer models. The researchers successfully controlled tumor cell biodynamics without causing damage.
‘Hard to lose’ mutations in tumors may predict response to immunotherapy
Researchers identified a subset of mutations within tumor mutation burden that remain persistent and visible to the immune system, increasing likelihood of response to immunotherapy. This finding enables clinicians to more accurately select patients for clinical trials or predict clinical outcomes with immune checkpoint blockade.
Targeting cancer with a multidrug nanoparticle
Scientists at MIT have designed a novel nanoparticle platform that can deliver optimal ratios of multiple cancer drugs, leading to enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects. The bottlebrush-shaped particles can be loaded with varying concentrations of drugs, enabling the precise delivery of synergistic combinations.
Cancer-selective supramolecular chemotherapy by disassembly-assembly approach
Researchers developed a cancer-selective therapeutic agent that targets cancer cells' unique acidic pH microenvironment, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and killing only cancer cells. The agent, Mito-SA, forms charge-shielded nano-assemblies that selectively disassemble in the tumoral environment.
Chemotherapy in the afternoon dramatically improves treatment outcomes in female lymphoma patients
Researchers found that female patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the afternoon had reduced mortality rates and cancer recurrence compared to those treated in the morning. The study suggests that timing chemotherapy delivery according to an individual's circadian clock may improve treatment outcomes.
Stopping a rare childhood cancer in its tracks
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have found a way to reprogram cells causing Ewing sarcoma to behave like normal connective tissue cells. By blocking the protein ETV6, cancer cells can be forced to take on a new identity and grow less aggressively.
Using cancer cells as logic gates to determine what makes them move
Purdue University researchers employ a cellular signal processing system to analyze the migration of cancer cells, identifying the impact of chemical cues and fluid flow on cell movement. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding cancer metastasis and the development of more effective treatments.
Pusan National University researchers identify therapeutic targets to overcome radioresistance of brain cancer cells
A team of researchers from Korea and USA identified the importance of lipid homeostasis in overcoming brain cancer radioresistance. They found that regulating diacylglycerol kinase B and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 could potentially sensitize brain cancer cells to radiotherapy, offering a new treatment strategy.
New molecular blocker halts breast cancer metastasis
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have discovered a new molecular blocker that successfully halted breast cancer metastasis by targeting the Pyk2 and cortactin interaction. The study's findings provide significant hope for fighting breast cancer, as the blocker inhibited metastasis formation in breast cancer-bearing mice.
Physicists model cell migration to learn how cancer cells navigate tissue
Researchers developed a computational model of mesenchymal migration to understand how cancer cells navigate tissue. The model confirms that cells adapt their movement based on surface stiffness, using internal biochemical signals and chemical cues from surrounding tissues.
New biomarker for early prediction of response to CAR-T cell therapy
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker that predicts the response to CAR-T cell therapy in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The biomarker identifies differentiated T cells, which can be removed from leukemia products to improve therapy success rates.
HKU biologists and collaborators reveal how DNA unzipping machine works, shedding lights on cancer therapy
Researchers uncover new mechanism of human MCM2-7 complex in regulating replication initiation, offering novel anticancer strategy for selective killing of cancer cells. The study provides high-resolution structural and mechanistic information on the human pre-initiation complex.
New Chinese Medical Journal article discusses metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages
Researchers identified key metabolic pathways in tumor-associated macrophages that contribute to cancer development and progression. Targeting these pathways may provide a new perspective for immunotherapy-based cancer treatments.
Study shows how liver cancer hijacks circadian clock machinery inside cells
Researchers at USC Keck School of Medicine found that liver cancer cells hijack circadian clock proteins to replicate and spread. Inhibiting these proteins can prevent cancer cell multiplication and potentially improve outcomes for patients with liver cancer.
Turncoat T cells: When exhausted, cancer-fighting T cells may switch sides
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh discovered that exhausted cancer-fighting T cells can become immunosuppressive when working in low-oxygen tumor environments. Targeting these conditions can reinvigorate these cells, improving response to immune-based cancer therapies.
Using an egg “soup” to understand how DNA is packed in the nucleus
A Medical University of South Carolina research team has discovered that HDAC1 plays a crucial role in packing DNA around histones, which can help target cancer cells with inhibitors. The novel egg extract system allows researchers to study DNA packing in real-time, outside of a cell.
HKUMed discovers a novel subtype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Epstein-Barr virus associated immune suppression Leads to potential therapeutic targets
Researchers at HKUMed identified a new type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with EBV and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Global DNA hypermethylation was found to be a critical step in NPC pathogenesis, while global DNA hypomethylation may lead to immune evasion.
Exercise is medicine for cancer and every dose counts - even in late stages in the disease
A new study from Edith Cowan University found that a single bout of exercise can significantly suppress tumour growth in people with late-stage prostate cancer. The researchers observed increased levels of anti-cancer myokines after high-intensity exercise, which helped fight cancerous cells and stimulated anti-cancer processes.
A double bind for cancer
Researchers found that simultaneously targeting two signalling switches can severely inhibit tumour angiogenesis, cancer growth and metastasis in multiple models of cancer. This approach has the potential to restrict a cancer's ability to escape therapy by rapidly destroying the VEGF receptor when both receptors are targeted.
Experimental cancer therapy shows success in more than 70% of patients in global clinical trials
Researchers from The Mount Sinai Hospital found that talquetamab, a bispecific antibody, was successful in killing multiple myeloma cells in over 70% of patients. This therapy directs the immune system to target cancer cells and has shown promise even for those who have resisted all other treatments.
Structural studies offer “how-to” guide for designing cancer drugs
Researchers have discovered the three-dimensional structure of phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) and how it changes with cancer-associated mutations. This knowledge enables the design of targeted drugs that can specifically bind to mutated versions, potentially eliminating side effects associated with current PI3Kα inhibitors.
How AI found the words to kill cancer cells
Researchers at UCSF and IBM Research create a predictive model that encodes commands for cells to kill cancer cells. By combining words that guide engineered immune cells, they can predict which elements should be included in a cell to carry out precise behaviors. This advance allows scientists to rapidly design new cellular therapies.
How metastatic cancer causes leaky blood vessels
Researchers found that tumor cells directly interact with blood vessel cells, altering their normal clockwise orientation to a counterclockwise position. This interaction may play a role in cancer metastasis and could be targeted for prevention and treatment.
New clue discovered for how and why cancer cells spread
A new mechanism has been uncovered that enables cancer cells to move throughout the body, allowing them to spread and form metastases. This discovery provides a potential new target for stopping these deadly spreads, which are responsible for 90% of cancer deaths.
Scientists uncover novel DNA repair mechanism for key cancer target
Researchers identify POLQ's vital role in responding to DNA replication stress and its potential as a cancer target. Inhibiting POLQ may limit mutation diversity and cancer evolution, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
Chemotherapy could increase disease susceptibility in future generations
Research found that male rats exposed to ifosfamide during adolescence had offspring and grand-offspring with increased incidence of diseases, including kidney and testis problems. The study's epigenetic analysis revealed changes passed down through sperm and ova, indicating a potential risk for future generations.
Click release of nitrite
A team of researchers has developed a bioorthogonal molecular system that selectively transports nitrite ions to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they are released, triggering cell death in cancer cells. The system demonstrates synergistic effects with various cancer therapy drugs.
Novel nanoparticles deliver innovative cancer chemoimmunotherapy
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have designed novel nanoparticles that co-deliver a chemotherapy drug and a novel immunotherapy, shrinking tumors in mouse models of colon and pancreatic cancer. The therapy silences a gene involved in immunosuppression by blocking Xkr8 protein distribution on the cell membrane.
Protein spheres protect the genome of cancer cells
Researchers discovered MYC protein spheres protect sensitive DNA sites from enzyme collisions, leading to cancer cell death. The discovery opens doors for developing specifically effective drugs to prevent sphere formation.
Tumor matrix profiling gives clues to progression of some lung cancers
Researchers identified molecular profiles of tumor matrices around squamous cell lung cancers, finding that altered matrices promote tumour growth and chemotherapy resistance. The study sheds light on why some patients progress well and others don't, and how personalized treatment can be developed.
Colon cancer: Dying cancer cells give neighboring tumor cells instructions on how to survive
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dying colon cancer cells release ATP to neighboring tumor cells, activating a survival signaling pathway. Interrupting this communication can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy against resistant tumors.
New discovery gives hope to fight metastatic cancer
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have made a groundbreaking discovery about metastatic cancer, showing that cancer cells adapt their metabolism to the tissue in which they grow. This understanding opens new doors to develop more effective treatments by targeting metabolic inhibitors specifically.
Researchers identify how certain immune cells contribute to worse survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer
Researchers found that HER2-positive breast cancer patients with high levels of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in residual disease have significantly shorter overall survival. High levels of TILs are associated with poorer outcomes, while lower levels are linked to improved survival rates.
Johns Hopkins researchers design ‘prodrug’ that targets cancer cells’ big appetite for glutamine, leaving healthy cells unharmed
A new prodrug called DRP-104 targets cancer cells' high demand for glutamine, eliminating them while sparing healthy tissues. The drug is in early-stage clinical trials for advanced solid tumors and shows promise as a safer alternative to existing treatments.
Ultrasound-guided surgery is quicker, less painful and more effective for treating early form of breast cancer
Researchers at Clinica Universidad de Navarra found that ultrasound-guided surgery (IOUS) is more effective and quicker than traditional wire-localisation methods for treating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This technique reduces the risk of positive margins, a common cause of second operations.
New drug shows promise for fighting both COVID-19 and cancer
Researchers found that a new drug inhibiting GRP78 effectively reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung cells. The drug also shows potential in treating certain types of cancer by suppressing mutant KRAS proteins.
First use of CRISPR to substitute genes to treat patients with cancer
Researchers have successfully used CRISPR technology to substitute genes in immune cells, allowing them to focus on cancer cells while sparing normal cells. The new approach, presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) 2022, has shown promising results in treating patients with various solid cancers.
Promotion of cancer progression via extracellular vesicles
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
The X chromosome is silenced in some male cancers
Researchers discovered that X chromosome is actively silenced in about 4% of male cancer samples, a phenomenon previously seen only in female cells. This finding could lead to new insights into the development and treatment of various types of cancers.
Surprisingly, these microRNAs boost — rather than dampen — protein expression
A new study published in ACS Central Science finds that some microRNAs can upregulate specific genes, increasing protein production in both normal and cancer cells. This discovery expands our understanding of how microRNAs function and has implications for the development of miRNA-based therapeutics.
Extracellular viscosity linked to cancer spread
Researchers found that cancer cells can migrate faster in higher viscosity environments due to the formation of denser actin networks and cooperative signaling pathways. This discovery provides a new framework for understanding metastasis and may lead to the identification of potential targets to combat cancer spread.
Making glioblastoma more vulnerable to treatment
Researchers found that reducing SAMHD1 levels made brain tumor cells sensitive to chemotherapy drugs and slowed cell growth. They also suspect that glioblastoma alters SAMHD1's function to aid its own survival and treatment resistance.
Transistors help identify cancer cell markers
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University developed a new technique to detect breast cancer-related markers using transistors, offering a less invasive method for monitoring patients. The system successfully detected epidermal growth factor receptor expression on cancer cells.
Preliminary data suggest that ROS1 inhibitor, NVL-520, is well-tolerated and active in non-small cell lung cancer: first results from ARROS-1 phase I clinical trial
In the ARROS-1 trial, 48% of patients achieved partial responses to NVL-520, with responses seen across all dose levels and in heavily pre-treated patients. The treatment also showed promise for brain metastases, with three out of three patients experiencing measurable response or no emergence of new metastases.
Sticky cell fingers help keep breast tumors contained
Filopodia contribute to building a barrier surrounding breast tumours, blocking their escape. Cancer cells lacking Myosin-10 cannot maintain this barrier, making it easier for them to spread.
Overcoming resistance to colon cancer treatment
Researchers at UNIGE have discovered a way to overcome resistance to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer, using an optimized combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for developing targeted therapies that can effectively treat patients with low five-year survival rates.
Experimental drug to treat liver cancer shows evidence of activity with manageable side effects
A new experimental drug has shown promising results in treating liver cancer, with two patients experiencing a partial response to the treatment. The drug, NMS-01940153E, targets an enzyme that plays a critical role in cell division and growth, and its side effects are manageable.
Gene signature points to prognosis in kidney cancer
A gene signature of four specific genes (SAA1, SAA2, APOL1, and MET) predicts the risk of tumour spreading and survival in kidney cancer patients. The study identified a link between the microenvironment and immune system inhibition.
Multi-center study sheds light on understudied breast cancer type
A large multi-center study analyzing patient records from three major cancer centers found that ILC is detected later and has worse outcomes than IDC. The research highlights the need for new imaging technologies to improve early detection of ILC, which often spreads beyond breast tissue before diagnosis.
Newly discovered process brings immune cells up to speed
Researchers at the University of Bonn have identified a mechanism that helps dendritic cells migrate more quickly to lymph nodes. The discovery reveals that forming multiple centrosomes enables these immune cells to stay on course longer before continuing their search.
Simple test could lead to more personalized treatment of rare ovarian cancer
A global study found that early-stage mucinous ovarian cancer patients with an infiltrative pattern of invasion have poorer survival chances. This discovery could lead to more targeted treatment strategies for these patients. Researchers hope to develop targeted drugs and align treatment guidelines worldwide.
Moffitt researchers discover connection between stress-activated signaling and immune cell evasion in melanoma
Researchers found that high PERK activity correlates with poorer outcomes and lower anti-tumor immune cells in patients with melanoma. Inhibition of PERK promoted a type of cell death called paraptosis, which involved trafficking of immune cells to tumors and matured dendritic cells triggering anti-tumor T cell immunity.
Fluorescence imaging system lays groundwork for better tumor removal
Researchers developed a low-cost, simple imaging system using tumor-targeting fluorescent molecules to determine tumor depth. The portable system provides quantitative information about the depth of tumor cells in the body, helping surgeons remove healthy tissue around tumors for better outcomes.
Coskun Lab zooming in on the signals of cancer
Coskun's team has developed SpatialVizScore, a new method that visualizes tumor immunology in cancer tissues to identify patients more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The system looks at the interactions of multiple immune cells, including macrophages with subtypes M1 and M2.
New insights into tumor biology
A recent study reveals that cancer cells adopt a softer state to facilitate metastasis, forming a new mechanical state with rigid islands in a fluid environment. This state allows tumors to grow while providing room for soft, motile cells to break out and form metastases.
Breakthrough in understanding of how cancer spreads could lead to better treatments
Scientists have identified a protein that regulates cancer cell spread and normal tissue cell shedding, potentially leading to new treatments. The research suggests that metastasis is not an abnormal process limited to cancer but a normal process used by healthy cells.