Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
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Scientists discovered esophageal cancers reactivate ancient retroviruses hidden in the human genome, which can make cancer more susceptible to immunotherapy. Researchers found a specific enzyme called ADAR1 degrades toxic double-stranded RNAs produced by ERV expression, and inhibiting it may enhance treatment efficacy.
Epithelial cells line organs and tissues, using two languages to communicate with neighboring cells. The discovery could help understand cancer spread and develop new treatments.
Researchers found that about half of pancreatic cancer cell lines are dependent on peroxiredoxin 4 for survival. Targeting PRDX4 led to DNA damage and cell death in cancer cells, but not normal cells. This discovery reveals a potential therapeutic window with less toxicity.
A team of scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute has discovered 27 binding sites on tubulin, a critical protein in the cell cytoskeleton. Eleven of these sites were previously unknown and hold promise for developing new cancer-fighting agents.
A UMass Amherst research team has engineered a nanoparticle that can deliver cancer-fighting drugs to specific cells, reducing side effects. The innovation combines biologics and antibody-drug conjugates, enabling safer treatments for various genetic diseases.
Researchers developed nanosized cargo packages that can deliver water-soluble proteins into cancer cells while keeping them intact. The 'nanobrushes' use polymer strands with antibodies on the outside and protected proteins within.
MIT biologists discovered that cells are squeezed out of tissue when they can't replicate their DNA during cell division. This process, called extrusion, may serve as a way to eliminate cancerous or precancerous cells.
Biomedical engineer Chase Cornelison is exploring ways to harness cancer cells to treat spinal cord injuries and restore function following brain damage. His research aims to retrain neural cells to suppress inflammation and promote repair, potentially reversing the damage caused by paralysis and diseases.
A new combination treatment targeting two proteins may improve survival for T-ALL patients who don't respond to standard chemotherapy. By inhibiting Kinase C and Notch1, researchers aim to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment efficacy.
A new study has identified a genetic mutation in the CUX1 gene that contributes to the development of acute myeloid leukaemia. Targeting this pathway could lead to new targeted therapies for patients with poor-prognosis AML, which affects people of all ages and often requires intensive chemotherapy.
A University of Guelph study identifies a compound in avocados that targets an enzyme critical for cancer cell growth, offering a potential route to better leukemia treatment. The compound, derived from avocado, has been shown to inhibit the enzyme VLCAD involved in leukemia cell metabolism.
A study has found that sperm development is linked to testicular cancer in men. Germ cells that fail to undergo sex-specific differentiation and retain pluripotent features are more likely to transform into cancer cells.
Researchers at Umeå University used neutron reflexometry and NMR spectroscopy to study full-length human Bcl-2 protein, revealing its membrane localization and conformation. The results suggest that Bcl-2 exerts its cell-protective function by inhibiting cell-killing proteins at the membrane interface.
A new study found that a non-pungent synthetic capsaicin analog, arvanil, made small cell lung cancer cells more responsive to chemotherapy. The compound enhanced the anti-cancer activity of SN38, a commonly used treatment for relapsed small cell lung cancer.
Research reveals that cell connections and surrounding tissue stiffness dictate cellular behavior, leading to cancer development. Cells can switch between contractile and extensile modes of motion, affecting their interactions and overall movement.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt discovered that Nox4, an enzyme producing H2O2, prevents cancer by keeping phosphatases out of the cell nucleus, thus allowing DNA damage to be recognized and repaired. In its absence, mutated cells multiply uncontrollably, leading to tumour formation.
A team of researchers at RIKEN CPR has demonstrated a successful cancer therapy using artificial metalloenzymes to deliver targeted drug therapies. In mouse tests, they found a 40% survival rate for mice treated with selective cell therapy and a higher survival rate over 77 days when targeting tumors that had already formed.
Researchers discovered that cells can migrate robustly on soft, viscoelastic substrates, using thin filopodia and molecular clutches to drive movement. This finding challenges traditional views of cell migration and highlights the importance of material properties in cellular behavior.
A comprehensive review of neuropilin-1 research reveals its role in cancer development and proliferation. Inhibiting NRP-1 activity is an attractive idea for treating cancers, with various therapeutic strategies already developed.
Researchers found that patients with high levels of PDL-1 and a KRAS gene mutation lived longer when treated with immunotherapy alone compared to those without the mutation. Patients without the mutation had better survival with combination therapy, suggesting preferred treatment approaches for this patient group.
A recent study from Dartmouth College has uncovered the mechanism behind how cells determine their size, a crucial process that regulates cell division in growing organisms. The research found that histone H3 plays a key role in this process, releasing an enzyme called Chk1 to bind with another protein and stop cell multiplication.
Researchers discovered that protein DNAJC9 actively engages cellular protein folding machinery to release trapped histones. This process is crucial for proper chromatin organization and is essential for cancer cell viability.
Researchers discovered that up to 60% of observed enhancers have coordinated binding events, indicating transcription factors work together to regulate gene expression. This cooperation may enable cancer cells to exploit existing enhancer systems, leading to changes in cellular identity.
A new algorithm can predict which genes cause cancer without DNA sequence changes. Researchers have identified 165 previously unknown cancer genes using machine learning technology, interacting closely with well-known cancer genes.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that a protein called Asterix/Gtf1 suppresses small specific regions of mobile genetic elements by binding to tRNA molecules. This discovery could lead to understanding how cells protect themselves against these elements and potentially tame an overly restless genome.
Researchers found that a specific gene called MPP8 suppresses the activity of 'jumping' genes, which can protect against certain blood cancers. This discovery may lead to new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for acute myeloid leukemia, the deadliest type of blood cancer.
Researchers have found a way to make cell cultures respond more closely to normal cells, allowing drugs to be screened for toxicity earlier in the research timeline. By changing two components of the media used to culture the cells, they can make liver cancer cells behave more like normal liver cells.
Researchers discovered a direct link between Parkin and the activation of mitophagy in Parkinson's, as well as its role in type 2 diabetes and cancer. The study found that AMPK, ULK1, and Parkin form a crucial pathway in cellular stress response.
Researchers at Buck Institute discover non-invasive biomarker test to measure and track performance of senolytic drugs, which target multiple age-related diseases. The biomarker detects a unique lipid metabolite released when senescent cells die.
A new molecular pathway discovered in fruit flies helps steer moving cells towards specific destinations, which may drive cancer cells to metastasize. The pathway involves a series of proteins and enzymes that work together to control cell movement, offering potential targets for interrupting cancer cell spread.
Researchers have developed an AI-based software called 3DeeCellTracker, which can automatically track cells in 3D microscope videos. This versatile tool enables the analysis of cellular activities across biology, medical research, and drug development.
Scientists from UNIGE discovered that paxillin helps cells perceive their environment and dock at the right place using cellular crampons. Without functional paxillin, cells can't attach properly and slip continuously.
A new study reveals that human and mouse cancer cells use specific mechanisms to survive heat shock and regain their original function. The research, published in Molecular Cell, identified key genes involved in the process, including those related to autophagy and RNA processing.
A new method makes it possible to accurately show whether the number of cancerous cells in the bone marrow is increasing in a patient with multiple myeloma. This blood test could potentially replace the current bone marrow puncture, enabling quicker treatment initiation.
A new method developed by researchers at the University of Missouri uses machine learning to analyze large amounts of biological data from single-cell RNA-sequencing. This allows scientists to identify patterns and make faster conclusions, which can lead to potential treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Kumamoto University found that aging cells in abdominal fluid contribute to peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer by promoting cellular senescence and inflammation. This understanding could lead to new treatments targeting cancer cells and associated fibroblasts.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered how human cells assemble and disassemble Origin Recognition Complexes to initiate DNA replication. The study reveals a specific interaction between ORC1 protein and CDC6, allowing them to work together in a coordinated manner.
A study analyzing 45 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma found that patients with shorter disease-free intervals and specific genetic mutations, such as ARID2 and NTRK1, may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. These findings could inform treatment decisions and future research.
A new technique for sampling and testing cells from Barrett's esophagus patients can detect specific chromosomal alterations, including the presence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The approach combines esophageal brushing with massively parallel sequencing to provide an accurate assessment of disease stages and identify high-risk patients.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology have discovered a way for cells to communicate using filopodia, small finger-like projections. Filopodia-derived extracellular vesicles promote wound closure by sending cellular signals that encourage cell migration.
Researchers have discovered that ADAR1 can bind to multiple forms of RNA, leading to the misregulation of the immune response in cancer. This finding has implications for the development of new therapies targeting ADAR1's role in cancer regulation and other diseases.
Researchers discovered pancreatic cancer cells employ macropinocytosis, a novel pathway to procure nutrients when autophagy is inhibited, enabling them to thrive despite starvation. A combination of autophagy and macropinocytosis inhibitors resulted in rapid tumor regression in mouse models.
Researchers developed acid-sensitive nanoparticles that can penetrate dense stromal barriers and eliminate cancerous cells. The approach may offer a new avenue for developing efficacious drugs inhibiting pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology have developed a cell-based assay that identifies highly potent IDO1 inhibitors with different mechanisms of action, which could lead to promising immunotherapies for cancer treatment. The new approach overcomes limitations of existing cell-free assays and holds promise for ...
Researchers developed a method to identify single cancer cells using machine learning and pH-sensitive dye bromothymol blue. The technique can discriminate between healthy and cancerous cells, as well as different types of cancer, without inducing toxic effects or killing the cell.
A novel technique using artificial intelligence can distinguish between healthy and cancerous cells by analyzing their pH level. This method allows for fast and accurate cancer diagnosis, with single-cell classification accuracy rates of over 95%.
A novel HIPK2 isoform is identified that promotes YAP/TEAD transcriptional activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells. The study suggests that this isoform may play an oncogenic role in NSCLC and could be a potential therapeutic target.
The ADAR1p110 isoform regulates genome stability at chromosome ends, preventing R-loop accumulation and preserving telomere stability. In cancer cells, depletion of ADAR1p110 leads to extensive telomeric DNA damage and arrested proliferation.
Researchers at Harvard University have designed a new highly-selective tool to study proteins that are difficult to target with drugs, known as 'undruggable' proteins. The tool uses a nanobody to add or remove specific sugars from proteins, providing a detailed understanding of their function.
Researchers used an experimental safety switch to curb treatment side effects in a patient with refractory acute B-cell leukemia, achieving a significant reduction in toxicities. The study demonstrates potential for expanded use of CAR-T immunotherapy paired with the safety switch.
Scientists at Far Eastern Federal University have developed a compound that kills prostate cancer cells while also activating an enzyme protecting them. The compound, 3,10-dibromofascaplysin, works well in combination with approved anticancer drugs and is being studied for its potential to reduce side effects.
Researchers develop targeted immunotherapy approach that specifically kills cancer cells by targeting mutant protein fragments presented on the cell surface. The therapy uses bispecific antibodies to recognize and destroy cancer cells, bypassing conventional antibody limitations.
Researchers develop bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies that target cancer cells and stimulate the immune system without removing T-cells. This approach could make personalized treatments more broadly accessible and potentially transform cancer into a chronic disease.
Researchers discovered artificial microswimmers slow down and accumulate in low-fuel regions where their speed is minimized. This finding suggests a new strategy to improve targeted cancer therapy by delivering chemotherapy drugs to the most problematic cells.
Researchers have discovered a gene called ENDU-2 that can trigger tumor formation from a distance while also protecting cells under stress. In the nematode worm C. elegans, ENDU-2 helps protect germline immortality, suggesting its role in cancer development and cell survival.
Researchers develop a new protein, 161519 TriKE, to target cold tumors and enhance the immune response. The study found that 161519 TriKE successfully reduced tumor growth and increased overall survival in tumor-bearing mice.
Researchers have successfully 'caught' colibactin, a genotoxin from E. coli, inducing genetic changes characteristic of colorectal cancer cells. This breakthrough enables the observation of transformation in vitro using human colon organoids.
Researchers studied cell interactions in a microscopic 'cell collider' and found that normal cells repel each other's protrusions, while cancer cells try to squeeze past each other. The study suggests new approaches for understanding cancer cell behavior and identifying molecular bases for these differences.
A study published in Oncotarget found that hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers increase chemotherapy effectiveness in non-small cell lung cancer. PolyHb administration attenuates tumor growth without alleviating hypoxia, suggesting a potential strategy to enhance cisplatin sensitivity.
Researchers at Lund University discovered how E. coli bacteria target and degrade the MYC oncogene, a well-known contributor to many forms of cancer. This discovery has shown potent effects on tumor growth and increased survival in two different cancer models.