Research on the cell biology of tumors. Covers cancer-cell vulnerabilities, tumor spread, nanoreactor therapies, and AI-guided cancer research.
A multimodal optical spectroscopy probe has been developed to detect brain, lung, colon, and skin cancer cells with nearly 100% sensitivity. The probe's high accuracy enables surgeons to minimize cancer cells during surgery, improving patient outcomes and reducing the risk of recurrence.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a new tool to efficiently slice cells in half, enabling faster and more standardized study of single-cell wound repair. The 'cellular guillotine' cuts Stentor cells up to 200 times faster than previous methods with similar survival rates.
Researchers at OIST have discovered a new photosensitizer that targets brain cancer cells with improved efficiency, using the naturally occurring amino acid taurine to enhance its effectiveness. The study shows promise for developing more effective brain cancer treatments through photodynamic therapy.
Scientists have identified specific areas within cells where hormones can transmit information to exact locations. Targeted therapeutics could be more effective by activating enzymes in these regions. The study also highlights the importance of insulating signal effects to reduce side effects.
A study by the Stowers Institute for Medical Research found that cancer cells often lose copies of repetitive sequences known as ribosomal DNA, which may enable faster proliferation but also render them more sensitive to DNA damage. This could potentially be exploited by DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics.
Researchers developed a two-pronged approach to treat multiple blood cancers by targeting cancer cells directly and driving them out of the bone marrow environment. The new antibody PF-06747143 has been shown to eradicate more cancer cells compared to standard care in preclinical studies.
MIT biologists identified a mechanism for eliminating genetically imbalanced cells using natural killer cells. Aneuploidy, or uneven chromosome distribution, harms most cells but can help cancer cells grow uncontrollably.
Researchers discovered how dying cells alert neighbors to replace them, a process called compensatory proliferation signaling (CPS). Specialized vesicles containing the CrkI protein travel to neighboring cells and cause them to create new cells.
A team of engineers at the University of Pennsylvania has developed a new model that better simulates how cells interact with their environment and form focal adhesions. This understanding is crucial for diagnosing and combating cancer, as it reveals the importance of dynamic processes in cellular behavior.
Researchers discovered ZBTB48 regulates both telomeres and mitochondria, contributing to a better understanding of the human ageing process. The protein limits abnormal telomere lengthening in cells, while activating genes involved in mitochondrial function.
Researchers at UNIGE have discovered the essential role of Vps4 molecule in cell division, shedding light on the fight against cancer and HIV. The study reveals that Vps4 is necessary for abscission, a stage where cell membranes are severed, and its absence inhibits cell division and delays it significantly.
Research reveals a defective immune cell's sweet tooth predisposes people to shingles, exacerbating heart disease. The connection shows how the same mechanism disabling immune response to viral infections also affects heart conditions.
Researchers have developed a new surface molecule that makes immune cells more aggressive against cancer cells. The approach could enhance adoptive T-cell therapy, allowing for more effective treatments and personalized medicine.
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that cancer cells exploit the unfolded protein response (UPR) to activate Wnt signaling, promoting tumor survival and drug resistance. This mechanism enables cancer cells to cope with nutrient deprivation and therapies, contributing to intra-tumor heterogeneity.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells sense their environment's stiffness, slowing down movement with specific drug combinations. This finding has potential for regenerative medicine applications, such as improving adult stem cell therapy.
A new predictive model shows that radiation from cosmic rays can extend to healthy cells, doubling the cancer risk for astronauts on Mars missions. The study, published in Scientific Reports, highlights the need for additional research on cosmic ray exposures prior to long-term space missions.
A team of scientists has discovered a remarkable mechanism that enables cells to repair severely damaged chromosomes, preventing cell death and cancer. The 'Hail Mary' mechanism involves the creation of a DNA tether to keep the broken fragment connected to the chromosome.
Researchers found that squamous cell carcinoma is remarkably dependent on glucose as an energy source, with a protein called GLUT1 being highly active in the cancer. Elevated GLUT1 levels were also linked to other types of squamous cell cancers, including head and neck, esophageal, and cervical cancers.
Researchers have created artificial viruses that can specifically target and destroy cancer cells by stimulating the immune system. The unique combination of alarm signals and cancer cell proteins enables the creation of a powerful army of killer cells to identify and destroy cancer cells.
Researchers have identified a new way to potentially slow fast-growing cancer cells by targeting the Tudor-SN protein. The study, published in Science, found that eliminating this protein from cancer cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology slowed their cell cycle and moved them more slowly towards division.
Researchers from the University of Michigan have discovered how polyomaviruses hijack cellular molecular motors to build a portal for itself, allowing it to reach the nucleus and cause problems. The findings could aid in the development of new treatments or preventive strategies against polyomavirus diseases such as Merkel cell carcinoma.
A CU Boulder study shows that some dividing human cells transmit low-level DNA damage to their daughters, causing them to enter a quiescent state previously thought to be random. The process is linked to the fate of daughter cells in subsequent cell cycles and has implications for cancer development and aging.
New study reveals that immune cells trained to recognize cancer can exit one tumor and move to another to attack cancerous cells. The research sheds light on how immune therapies for cancer might work and suggests new approaches to developing anti-cancer immune therapies.
Researchers discovered that normal cells recognize and attack transformed cells through metabolic changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated glucose uptake. These changes play a crucial role in eliminating early-stage cancer cells.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine discovered a protein called free C3d that stops cancer's ability to prevent the immune system from destroying cancer cells. The study showed an 80-90% decrease in cancerous tumors, and free C3d has potential as a cancer vaccine and treatment.
A study published in JAMA found that using a combination of docetaxel and selumetinib did not improve progression-free or overall survival for patients with KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment had more frequent grade 3 or higher adverse events compared to the placebo group.
A new cell separator developed by University of Surrey Biomedical Engineers uses dielectrophoresis to sort cells electrostatically, reducing costs and increasing efficiency. This innovation has significant promise for stem-cell therapy and cancer research, offering a more affordable and effective solution.
Researchers have identified a group of critical cells in the testes that play a key role in repairing damage to produce healthy sperm. These Miwi2-expressing cells are essential for regeneration and may help preserve fertility in pre-pubescent boys undergoing cancer treatment.
Researchers have discovered that excessive DNA replication can lead to cell malignancy but also offers a potential approach against cancer. By exploiting the cooperation of proteins CDC6 and CDT1, scientists aim to induce lethal DNA re-replication selectively in cancer cells.
Researchers at University of Warwick study brain tumor cells to investigate the cause of genetic defects in cancer cells. They aim to better understand how these problems occur and potentially develop drugs to stop cancer cells forming.
A new study by British American Tobacco found that commercially available e-cigarettes did not promote the development of cancer in laboratory cells. In contrast, smoke from a reference cigarette was positive for cancer-promoting activity at very low concentrations.
Researchers developed fCLIP-seq to analyze DROSHA's impact on miRNA fragments, revealing hundreds of new cleavage sites and alternative processing patterns. The study uncovers additional end modifications important for miRNA biogenesis, shedding light on its regulation in diseases like cancer.
Researchers found that removing serine and glycine from the diet of mice slowed lymphoma and intestinal cancer development. The special diet also made some cancer cells more susceptible to reactive oxygen species, which could boost conventional treatments' effectiveness. Next steps include clinical trials with cancer patients.
A new study by Yusheng Feng describes an algorithm that can predict the growth of cancerous tumors, helping medical professionals make informed decisions on treatment options. The algorithm takes into account various factors such as biological events and cell patterns to provide personalized predictions.
Researchers created a time-lapse animation of the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) transporting nucleosides into cells. The study provides important structural information for designing smarter, more specific anticancer and antiviral drugs.
A new study has identified novel mechanisms by which T cells recognize emerging class of targets specifically increased on cancer cells. The study found that phosphorylation induces a major change in peptide structure and makes the critical receptor sensitive to discrimination between modified and non-modified peptides.
Researchers found that aneuploidy, a condition causing abnormal chromosome numbers, can lead to varying outcomes in genetically identical cells. The study's findings have significant implications for cancer treatment, as it may explain why some cancer cells respond differently to therapy.
Engineers at MIT have developed a microfluidic technique to capture and count circulating plasma cells from small samples of blood, potentially providing a less painful test for multiple myeloma. The device uses conventional blood draws and can detect the ratio of different antibodies produced by cancerous and healthy cells.
A study led by Raffaella Sordella proposes a novel theory on how cancers circumvent targeted therapy killing power. The research suggests that genetic diversity in tumor cells, caused by non-genetic mechanisms, can help them survive and eventually relapse.
Scientists have identified a cellular fuel sensor, AMPK, as a key regulator of the extracellular matrix and integrin function, which could lead to novel treatments for cancer and tissue fibrosis. The study reveals that AMPK's absence leads to increased adhesion and matrix production.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have discovered the key to hMTH1's ability to hydrolyze multiple oxidized dNTPs with high efficiency. The protonation state of specific aspartate residues plays a crucial role in this process, allowing for targeted inhibition of cancer cells.
Researchers at Kent State University created a nano cage to study G-quadruplex formation, a genetic factor associated with cancer cell growth. The discovery may lead to new understanding of how cancer develops and provide potential treatments.
A study published in Nature Genetics reveals that large regions of the human genome have built-in variability in reversible epigenetic modifications, which enables cancer cells to proliferate and adapt. This variation can make cancer cells more resistant to chemotherapy and treatment.
Researchers have developed a new method to deliver large and diverse cargos directly into cells with high efficiency and no lasting damage. The team used gold pyramid-shaped microstructures and nanosecond laser pulses to create brief pores in the cell membrane, allowing molecules to diffuse into the cell.
Researchers at Aarhus University have described the structure and organization of the DNA control protein Rad26, revealing how kinase Rad3 is recruited to damaged DNA. This new knowledge may lead to the development of Rad3 inhibitors that make cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy.
Scientists identify a molecular pathway that enables prostate cancer cells to escape the primary tumor and form secondary tumors. This discovery holds promise for developing new therapeutic strategies to stop cancer cells from spreading, offering hope for improved treatment options for patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
A University of Queensland-led study reveals how cobras evolved their potent flesh-eating venom alongside distinctive hoods and warning colors. The research found that cobras' venom is used both for predation and defense, with increased potency linked to warning strategies.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a disordered protein, CITED2, that outcompetes another protein, HIF1α, for cellular binding targets. This finding has implications for future cancer drugs, suggesting a more efficient approach to interrupting cancer cell survival mode.
The SETD8 enzyme regulates cellular senescence, a process where cells stop proliferating due to age or stress. Lowering SETD8 increases protein synthesis and growth arrest in senescent cells, promoting metabolic activities.
Scientists explore ways to improve health span by clearing out senescent cells and reprogramming them. Researchers also examine re-purposing existing drugs and using computer power to fight aging.
Researchers have found that T cells soften after activation, allowing them to elicit a stronger response. They identified drugs that can help either activate or suppress T cell responses, providing a new approach to manipulating the immune system.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have identified a new protein that plays a crucial role in the aging process and early cancer development. The protein, integrin beta 3, helps regulate cellular senescence by transmitting signals to surrounding cells.
Scientists discovered that obesity disrupts the balance of 'guardian immune cells,' which maintain a delicate balance between immune systems. In healthy states, these cells protect against inflammation and metabolic disease, but in obese individuals, they lose their regulatory function.
A new study identifies Gamma Delta T cells as adaptable immune cells with immunological memory against previous infections and cancerous targets. This finding challenges traditional views of these cells as 'natural born killers' and presents opportunities for developing new cell therapies and vaccines.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new laser technique to measure the stiffness of individual cancer cells, which is correlated with cellular disorder. This technique has the potential to enable high-throughput screening for early cancer detection, allowing for rapid and accurate diagnosis.
A new compound developed by the Deshaies group inhibits Rpn11 activity, causing massive accumulation of dysfunctional proteins in cancer cells. This leads to catastrophic stress and cell death, making it a promising alternative to existing cancer drugs.
Researchers have shed new light on the molecular pump MRP1, which expels cancer drugs from cells. The pump's unique structure features two-part pocket allowing it to accommodate various substances.
A new tool using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measures hydrogen atoms to study metabolism and determine metabolic fluxes. This technique has been validated on human cancer cells and holds potential for understanding the mechanisms behind diseases like diabetes.
The Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute is developing a biological pacemaker that can treat patients with slow heartbeats. The device turns normal heart cells into pacemaker cells using gene therapy, potentially replacing electronic pacemakers one day.
Researchers from Aarhus University have found a protein called IFI16 that plays a significant role in the innate immune system's defence against cancer and viruses. The discovery may lead to the development of new immunotherapies for cancer treatment.