Doing a spin with DNA
Topoisomerase IB helps unwind DNA during cell division to reduce torsional forces that can delay or stop cell division. The study's findings may lead to improved cancer treatments by enhancing the enzyme's functionality.
Cell Division
Articles tagged with Cell Division
Fifteen-year hunt uncovers gene behind 'pseudothalidomide' syndrome
Scientists discovered the ESCO2 gene responsible for pseudothalidomide syndrome through advanced genetic analysis and comparative genomics. The study provides new insights into craniofacial and limb development, health, and disease.
Pair of cancer genes found to drive both cell migration and division
The study found that PTEN and PI3K are required for cell migration and division, raising hopes for new treatments in cancer and inflammatory disorders. The researchers also discovered a novel mechanism by which cells regulate PIP3 levels to control cell migration.
A bug's life: aging and death inE. coli
A study published in PLOS Biology found that E. coli bacteria, which reproduce symmetrically, have a reduced growth rate, decreased offspring formation, and increased risk of dying compared to cells inheriting new poles.
Can plant research lead to new insights in cancer research?
Researchers found that a protein in plants plays a crucial role in controlling DNA doubling, which can lead to cancer cells. The study suggests that an error in the human counterpart of this protein could contribute to cancer development.
New brain cells develop during alcohol abstinence, UNC study shows
Researchers at UNC's Bowles Center discovered that new brain cells develop during alcohol abstinence, reversing damage caused by chronic alcohol dependency. The study found a twofold burst in brain cell proliferation after four-to-five weeks of abstinence.
Images of 'tail' of protein needed for cell multiplication suggest anticancer drug targets
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered the structure and function of the 'tail' of a protein essential for cell replication, revealing potential targets for new anticancer drugs. The study found that a slight modification in the protein's shape can create unique enzyme activity.
Possible new cure for psoriasis
Researchers at the University of Bonn have found a new effective therapy for psoriasis by blocking the division of epidermis cells. The treatment, which uses metalloproteinase inhibitors, has shown no toxic side effects and may provide a promising solution for the condition.
Rutgers-Newark biologist links presence of protein to spread of cancerous cells
Researchers discover Rho proteins cause cells to break off and form colonies distant from the original cell colony. This phenomenon may lead to the development of more specific treatments for cancerous cells.
Genome-wide screen reveals new tricks of old genes
A genome-wide screen reveals new functions for old genes associated with chromosome cohesion, a process keeping chromosomes together until cell division. The study identified 17 genes involved in this critical aspect of genetic material manipulation.
EMBL researchers discover key molecular 'switch' in eye development of medaka fish
Researchers at EMBL have discovered a novel protein-protein connection involved in the tight control of cell proliferation and differentiation in medaka embryos. The study reveals that the protein SIX3 clamps onto GEMININ to regulate cell division, allowing tissues to grow to their proper size.
Counting the molecules that pull cells apart
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden and EMBL in Heidelberg have counted the number of proteins that help an egg cell divide. They found that there are more motors pulling on one side, which can pull the centrosome off-center, leading to proper development of the embryo.
Researchers find signs of lethal cell division in mouse models for AD
Researchers have discovered that mouse models of Alzheimer's disease duplicate their DNA and make an attempt at cell division, just like human nerve cells. This suggests that the underlying mechanism of cell death is the same in both species, potentially making these model systems more suitable for testing experimental therapies.
Researchers find viral protein that mimics its way into cells
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a viral protein called p12 that mimics the way HIV-1 enters and infects human cells. The discovery provides valuable insight into how retroviruses overwhelm the human immune system, shedding light on the mechanisms of HTLV-1 infection.
Component in plastic bottles found to cause abnormal pregnancies in mice
A study by Case Western Reserve University has found that Bisphenol A (BPA) in plastic bottles can cause abnormal pregnancies in mice. The researchers discovered that even extremely low doses of BPA produced detectable effects, highlighting the potential risks to human reproduction.
The nucleus: Not just a bag of chromosomes
New research reveals nucleus is more than just a bag of chromosomes, with key findings including the discovery of rope-like proteins called lamins linked to human diseases. The study also sheds light on the orchestrated process of nuclear breakdown during cell division.
Cell division required, twice before fat cells mature
Cell division is necessary for fat cells to mature, according to a new study. The researchers found that primitive fat cells need to divide at least twice before they can store fat, and that interfering with this process could prevent the formation of new fat cells.
Chromatin, not proteins, support chromosomes during cell division
New research at the University of Illinois Chicago found that chromatin, not proteins, provides structural support for chromosomes during cell division. The study used a novel methodology involving DNA digestion and glass tube pipettes, which may help unlock the puzzle of how cells divide.
Essential cell division 'zipper' anchors to so-called junk DNA
Scientists identify a new mechanism by which cohesins bind to DNA, revealing the role of Alu sequences in gene regulation. The discovery sheds light on developmental disorders and cancer, offering potential avenues for research and treatment.
Study identifies protein in human brain development
Researchers discovered beta catenin's role in regulating cortical growth, which may be associated with brain diseases such as mental retardation. The study also found that overexpressing beta catenin in neural precursor cells caused the cerebral cortex to grow dramatically, leading to a wrinkled appearance similar to humans.
Researchers suggests a potentially damaging effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields
The study found that exposure to ELF-EMF alone did not affect cell division, but combining it with ionising radiation caused cells to slow down at checkpoints. This suggests ELF-EMF may enable damaged cells to divide further, increasing cancer risk.
Men regain evolutionary driver’s seat
A recent study confirms that mutations are mainly caused by random errors in cell divisions, contradicting earlier estimates. The study found a low male-female mutation rate, especially in closely related species, but a high alpha in distantly related species, supporting the dominant role of males in driving evolution.
HIV protein stops cell division, leading to more virus and sicker patients
Researchers found that HIV protein Vpr halts infected T cells from dividing, allowing the virus to replicate efficiently. The study uses a new laboratory technique to detect infected cells, providing a potential window into patient outcomes and treatment options.
HIV gene causes formation of nuclear herniations halting cell division, Gladstone researchers find
Researchers at Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology found that HIV's Vpr gene causes the formation of nuclear herniations, disrupting cell division. This disruption enables virus production to increase severalfold, improving HIV's ability to grow and infect new cells.
Researchers build diagram of cell cycle clock
Scientists have developed a technique to map the circuitry underlying fundamental life processes, shedding light on diseases such as cancer. The study reveals a circular network of regulators regulating regulators controlling the cell cycle, providing new insights into cellular processes and potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers identify key to genetic replication in hepatitis C virus
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified a crucial region of the hepatitis C virus protein NS5A, which plays an essential role in viral replication. This breakthrough discovery could accelerate the development of effective drugs and vaccines against HCV, a leading cause of liver disease.
Scientists develop method to speed hepatitis C research
Researchers found a way to grow hepatitis C virus in labs, enabling genetic studies and potential vaccine development. The breakthrough could speed up progress against the disease, which affects 170 million worldwide.
Yale scientists give the Golgi apparatus its own identity, paving the way for more targeted cancer research
Researchers at Yale have discovered that the Golgi apparatus is an independent organelle that exists independently of the endoplasmic reticulum. This finding gives researchers a better understanding of cell division and uncontrolled cell division in cancer.
Molecular 'handbrake' could be released to send cancer cells to their death
Researchers found that Pin1 depletion allows cell division despite DNA damage, suggesting drugs inhibiting Pin1 could trigger cancer cells to divide and die even with lethal damage. This approach may spare normal cells from uncontrolled division.
UMass microbiologist'sNaturearticle contributes to understanding of how cells divide
Researchers propose a coordinated model for DNA repair, recombination and replication processes in cell division, revealing a link between DNA replication and recombination. The study uses E. coli as a model organism to understand the role of primosome assembly proteins in restarting replication.
Gene therapy halts HIV replication in cells from infected patients
Researchers have developed an antitat gene therapy that blocks HIV replication in cells from infected patients, prolonging survival of immune system cells and potentially maintaining the virus in a dormant state. The approach combines genetic engineering and antisense technology, offering a promising new strategy for treating AIDS.
New molecular clues to herpes control
Researchers at UNC Health Care have identified a new way to halt herpes simplex virus reproduction by targeting its molecular tracks. The study found that inhibiting JNK protein kinase reduces viral yield in cells by up to 70%.
UI Laboratory Develops Procedure To Study DNA Replication
A University of Iowa research team has developed a way to isolate replicating DNA molecules for studying the replication process. This advance will allow investigators to better understand DNA replication and may lead to improved therapies for treating diseases such as cancer.
Purdue Study Breathes New Life Into Question Of How Life Began
A Purdue University study shows that proteins can replicate themselves and adapt to changes, expanding the scientific view of how life began. The study also found that changes to the environment affect the types of peptides that can be formed.
Duke Study Helps Explain How Cells Divvy Up Genes During Reproduction
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a molecular motor mechanism that divides genes during cell reproduction. The discovery provides clues to infertility and birth defects, such as Down syndrome, by understanding how chromosomes are separated during cell division.
Fauci: New Findings Help Explain "Rebound" Of HIV In Patients Who Discontinue Triple-Drug Therapy
Researchers at NIAID have found that the virus rapidly rebounds to high levels when drugs are discontinued due to normal stimulatory factors present in the environment of a patient's lymph nodes. The new data suggest that these factors can activate HIV hidden in immune system cells, leading to their death and further viral spread.
Fauci: New Findings On Host Factors Illuminate AIDS Pathogenesis
Recent advances in HIV research reveal the critical role of host factors in determining disease progression and replication rates. Key discoveries include the regulation of HIV replication by immune response molecules and the activation of the immune system by the virus.