Articles tagged with Cell Division
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A crucial amino acid signal regulates centrosome duplication and its absence leads to pathologically altered cells found in people with microcephaly. This discovery sheds light on the development of this neurodevelopmental disorder.
Researchers at VIB and Ghent University discovered a protein complex that regulates the transition from cell division to cell specialization in leaves. By extending the activity of this complex, more cells divide, resulting in larger leaves.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have discovered a set of proteins that stabilise cell division, which could lead to new avenues in drug discovery for fighting cancer. The findings shed light on how cells duplicate their DNA and separate into two new cells, each identical to the original.
Researchers at CNIO discovered blocking Cdh1 protein prevents cellular proliferation in rapidly dividing cells. This could lead to new therapies targeting cancer.
Researchers discovered two variants of Pds5 proteins that modulate cohesins' behavior, essential for proper cell division. Understanding this regulation can improve diagnosis and treatment for cancer patients and Cornelia de Lange Syndrome sufferers.
Researchers at CNIO have sequenced the exome of 17 patients with non-infiltrating bladder cancer, revealing new genetic pathways and genes involved in the disease. These findings provide a first step towards understanding the biology of bladder cancer and improving patient management.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine discovered that cyclin A plays a crucial role in ensuring faithful chromosome segregation during cell division. In contrast to normal cells, cancer cells often fail to correct errors, leading to abnormal numbers of chromosomes and resistance to chemotherapy treatments.
Researchers found yeast cells can multiply up to six of their chromosomes during cell division and reverse this process, allowing for rapid adaptation to environmental conditions. This discovery provides a new model organism for studying aneuploidy and its potential implications for diagnosing and treating human diseases.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have discovered how rapamycin prevents cells from dividing, potentially slowing cancer progression and other diseases of abnormal growth. The study reveals that TOR sends a signal to shut down B cyclin production through an intermediary protein.
Researchers determined the three-dimensional structure of a protein pair, LC8 and Nek9, which plays a crucial role in cell division. This discovery has implications for studying diseases related to cell division processes like cancer.
Researchers have discovered how two proteins shelter each other to ensure smooth and safe cell division, a process crucial for growth and response to environmental changes. By understanding these molecular mechanisms, scientists may uncover new clues for understanding diseases like cancer.
Researchers found that shorter telomere lengths in certain cells are associated with an increased risk of developing upper respiratory infections. The study, published in JAMA, suggests a link between telomere shortening and immune system dysfunction in younger, healthy populations.
Researchers have identified how two genes, Ipl1 and Mps1, work together to correct mistakes in chromosome distribution during cell division. This understanding could lead to targeted cancer treatments by controlling these master regulator genes.
A team of researchers from the University of North Carolina and Columbia University discovered how two key proteins in messenger RNA communicate via a molecular twist to regulate histone production. This complex interaction helps maintain the balance of histones and DNA, ensuring proper cell growth and division.
Researchers have identified key proteins involved in loading a vital protein into the centromere, a critical region for cell division. Disruption of this process can lead to abnormal numbers of chromosomes, common in 90% of cancer cases.
Researchers have created a plentiful supply of glial progenitor cells, which produce myelin, by mastering the chemical symphony that instructs them to divide. This breakthrough could lead to treatments for diseases like multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy.
Researchers at Newcastle University have found that brain cells follow the same molecular pathway as senescent fibroblasts, leading to cell damage and age-related diseases. This discovery opens new possibilities for understanding and treating conditions like dementia and motor neuron disease.
A new protein called Lem4 has been discovered to direct a crucial step in cell division by preventing the addition of phosphate tags to BAF while promoting their removal. This process is essential for cellular growth and division, and its regulation may be key to understanding various cellular processes.
Physicists developed a two-component model accounting for cell expansion and fluid dynamics. The model revealed that homeostatic pressure, not fluid pressure, drives cell division in biological tissues. This discovery could help understand cancer growth by disrupting homeostasis.
Researchers identified a genetic pathway that influences the spread of cancer cells, which could lead to new treatment avenues. The study found that changes in genetics affect DNA methylation, causing cells to divide uncontrollably.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have resolved the debate on the mechanisms involved in human cell shut-down during division, finding that receptors can transport nutrients but are temporarily blocked. This discovery may lead to future studies on manipulating this process to prevent harmful infections.
A Nationwide Children's Hospital study found that muscle regeneration may create an ideal environment for rhabdomyosarcoma to arise. The research uses mouse models of muscular dystrophy to investigate the growth of eRMS, a fast-growing and highly malignant tumor subtype.
Research shows that ultra short telomeres in osteoarthritic knees are associated with increased severity of OA and proximity to the most damaged section. Abnormally shortened telomeres may lead to senescence, failure of joint repair and progression of the disease.
Researchers at Linköping University have identified a new target for treating psoriasis: the psoriasin protein, which stimulates cell division and angiogenesis. By inhibiting psoriasin, they believe they can reduce disease severity and minimize side effects.
Researchers have discovered that flatworms can regenerate without centrosomes, a cellular structure essential for cell division in all animals. This finding challenges the long-held assumption that centrosomes are crucial for cell division.
Researchers at Stowers Institute for Medical Research discovered that aging yeast cells retain protein aggregates in mother cells during cell division, preventing them from passing on to daughters. This process is facilitated by the limited mobility of protein aggregates and the narrow opening of the bud neck.
A team of scientists has discovered that the histone protein CenH3 is both necessary and sufficient to trigger the formation of centromeres and pass them on from generation to generation. This discovery may help develop artificial human chromosomes for gene therapies in medicine.
A recent study published in Science reveals that mitochondrial division occurs at points where the two structures, mitochondria and ER, touch. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of cell organization and the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.
A recent NIH award of $1.39M will support a study led by Dr. Lori A. Pile to investigate the alteration of chromatin structure during cell division, which is crucial for normal cell growth and cancer development. The findings aim to refine cancer treatments currently undergoing clinical trials.
Scientists at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory have discovered a protein complex called condensin that keeps chromosome arms folded and easy to transport. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of how chromosomes are organized during cell division, with implications for our own cells' ability to divide properly.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a mechanism enabling cancer cells to sustain abnormal growth by nullifying natural defense against uncontrolled division. Cks proteins overexpression causes incipient cancer cells to ignore braking signals, leading to unchecked cell division.
Researchers discovered c-JUN's ability to prevent methylation of p16INK4a and Cdk6, accelerating tumour formation and stabilizing these genes. This new function reveals a complex role for the protein in cancer development.
A team of researchers has made a breakthrough in understanding the assembly of centromeres in human cells, revealing an essential division of labor among specific proteins. By visualizing these proteins in living cells, they discovered that certain proteins like CENP-A play a crucial role in carrying genetic information to the centromere.
Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered a direct link between MCM proteins and the oxygen-sensing HIF-1 protein. The study found that MCM proteins mediate crosstalk between cell division machinery and environmental factors, controlling cell growth based on oxygen availability.
Researchers discover CENP-C and CENP-T proteins, which are essential for kinetochore assembly and can potentially overcome the current obstacle of outfitting artificial chromosomes with kinetochores. This finding could lead to new genetic research tools and efficient creation of artificial human chromosomes.
Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) get a head start on viral replication by dividing early during their journey to infected tissue. This allows them to quickly respond to the virus upon arrival, making them more effective in defending against infection.
In a study published in Cell Metabolism, researchers discovered a genetic switch called dERR that supports cell division and proliferation in growing fruit flies. This switch is controlled by a nuclear receptor and transcription factor similar to human ERRs, which are associated with breast cancer.
Scientists have discovered a previously undiscovered trigger mechanism that monitors the structure of the cell's nucleus and delays cell division if it's not correct. This discovery may shed light on how cancer starts and could lead to new research into cancer prevention.
Researchers develop test system to investigate histone modification function and its influence on gene expression and cellular division. The study reveals a complex interplay between histone modifications and the genetic code.
Researchers have identified a specific gene circuit that acts as a 'switch' to tell cells when to divide. This discovery may help scientists better understand cell biology and establish a library of cancer-causing pathways.
Researchers identified thousands of proteins involved in compacting DNA, a crucial process for cell division. This discovery could help explain why cell renewal can go wrong, leading to cancer or miscarriage.
Researchers have discovered over 100 new proteins involved in plant cell division, revealing the machinery behind this process for the first time. The newly developed Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) Platform enables rapid unraveling of protein interactions, advancing crop yield optimization.
Researchers have confirmed the nucleolinus's role in cell division by associating it with structures required for separation of chromosomes. The discovery provides insight into recent studies suggesting a critical role for the nucleolus in cell cycle regulation.
Researchers have discovered a crucial protein controlling cell division and acquisition of characteristics in plants. This breakthrough provides new insights into the co-ordination of cellular processes and may have implications for animal biology and organ formation.
Researchers found that a new apple variety, Grand Gala, grows larger due to endoreduplication, where cells make copies of DNA but don't divide. The apples are about 38% heavier and have a diameter 15% larger than regular Galas.
A new data mining algorithm called GOALIE reveals how biological processes are coordinated in time. The algorithm uses gene expression data to reconstruct temporal models of cellular processes, improving our understanding of cell division and metabolism.
A Florida State University researcher has identified the important role that CDK5RAP2 plays in maintaining centriole engagement and cohesion, thereby restricting centriole replication. This discovery could lead to a greater understanding of stem cells and their connection to human diseases such as small brain syndrome.
Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered that a gene called Sonic hedgehog controls the speed of cell division, which may contribute to genital defects. The study found that slower cell division rates can lead to underdeveloped and malformed genitalia in mice.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have discovered that inhibiting a key molecule in a DNA repair pathway could make cancer cells more sensitive to radiation therapy while protecting healthy cells. This approach could provide a new means to target and treat cancer more effectively.
A team of scientists led by Caltech biologists found that cell-cycle length and chromosome duplication without division play key roles in determining sepal cell sizes in Arabidopsis thaliana. This probabilistic development process results in unique patterns and proportions among sepals.
Researchers have determined how cells regulate microtubule attachments during cell division, a process critical for proper chromosomal distribution. The system relies on phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of key proteins, controlled by enzymes Aurora B and PP1, to correct attachment problems and maintain accurate chromosome separation.
A new study found that just one pulse of artificial light at night damages circadian cell division, a key process affected in cancer. The research reveals changes in gene expression, including genes connected to cancer formation and anti-cancer defense.
Researchers have discovered how cyanobacteria's rate of cell division is regulated by the same circadian clocks that control human sleep patterns. The study found that cells divide once per day at specific points in the 24-hour cycle, with implications for understanding cellular renewal and cancer.
Researchers identified a key protein that controls bacterial cell division and found the biological clock's role in regulating this process. The study's findings provide insights into the evolution of circadian clocks between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that sugar-based protein modification called O-GlcNAcylation regulates cell division. Disrupting this process can lead to polyploidy, a condition exhibited by many cancer cells. The findings have implications for new treatments for diseases like cancer.
A marine sponge species recycles carbon from dissolved organic material, sustaining the diverse ecosystems of coral reefs. This process involves rapid cell turnover and shedding, allowing other reef residents to consume the recycled cells, thereby supporting the reef's complex food web.
Mother and daughter cells differ in gene expression and regulation, leading to varying cell cycles. Researchers found that proteins Ace2 and Ash1 control the commitment to divide, with daughters receiving these proteins at birth.
A new study reveals that telomeres, which regulate cell division, replicate at various times during DNA replication, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. The research also found that telomerase enables unlimited growth in cancer cells by rebuilding most or all of the telomeres.
Scientists developed a quantitative mathematical model of DNA replication and cell division for Caulobacter crescentus, an alpha-proteobacterium crucial to global carbon cycling. The model accurately represents the sequence of physiological events during cell division and predicts the impact of specific mutations on cell function.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a new mechanism for regulating proteins involved in cell migration and division, which could lead to the development of targeted pharmaceutical treatments. This breakthrough offers hope for treating cancer by exploiting the unique properties of these proteins.