Articles tagged with Embryonic Stem Cells
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Biomedical engineers at Duke University have successfully grown a fully functional artificial human heart muscle large enough to patch over damaged tissue. The breakthrough enables therapies to replace lost muscle after a heart attack, which currently leaves patients with scar tissue that cannot transmit electrical signals or contract.
Researchers from USC discovered that the levels of Hedgehog protein determine whether cells form bone or cartilage in developing ribs. High Hh concentrations favor bone formation, while lower concentrations promote cartilage growth.
Researchers from Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Bascom Palmer Eye Institute conducted two clinical trials using human embryonic stem cells to treat dry macular degeneration, a leading cause of new blindness. The studies showed that stem cell injection into the eye replaced damaged cells and improved vision in some patients.
Scientists have found a key to unlock blocked differentiation in microRNA-deficient embryonic stem cells, enabling neural cell differentiation without p53 expression. This breakthrough supports the goal of using stem cells in therapy and could lead to innovative treatments for various diseases.
A team of researchers has found an efficient way to produce neurons from pluripotent stem cells by knocking down a single gene. This approach enables 100% efficient neuron production and could facilitate the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have made a breakthrough in understanding the molecular changes that occur during cell fate conversion from fibroblast to cardiomyocyte. They used single-cell RNA sequencing technology, mathematical modeling, and genetic approaches to identify key regulators and pathways involved in the process.
Researchers develop algorithm to transform healthy and diseased cells into desired cell types, leveraging gene expression and transcription factor data. The approach aims to regenerate tissue and fight cancer, offering a shortcut to traditional cell transformation techniques.
Researchers created Expanded Potential Stem Cells (EPSCs) with greater development potential than current stem cell lines, shedding light on miscarriage and developmental disorders. The EPSCs can develop into any type of cell, offering a platform to study early embryo cells in detail.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have discovered that ADAM13, a metalloprotease on the cell surface, regulates two critical transcription factors arid3a and tfap2- essential for human development and suppressing cancer cell division.
Scientists at UNC School of Medicine compare two reprogramming techniques to generate patient-specific cardiomyocytes, finding that one method produces cells with embryonic cell signatures while the other yields cells with adult characteristics. This knowledge is crucial for developing new therapies and understanding cardiac disease.
A team of researchers at Harvard Medical School has created a stable version of the segmentation clock in a petri dish, revealing its dynamic nature and control mechanisms. The discovery could lead to improved understanding of scoliosis and other human spinal defects.
A new study reveals that insulin is essential for preserving pluripotent stem cells' ability to become any cell type. Insufficient insulin leads to a specialized endoderm cell type, similar to early embryonic cells, suggesting potential importance in human development and pregnancy.
A novel image analysis tool allowed researchers to observe which cells become 'losers' in cell competition and die, while others survive with higher Myc levels. This discovery reveals the importance of Myc levels in maintaining pluripotency during mammalian embryonic development.
Researchers used genome editing to stop a key gene from producing a protein in human embryos, revealing its crucial role in correct blastocyst formation. The study could help improve IVF treatments and understand causes of pregnancy failure.
The HHMI Hanna Gray Fellows Program supports 15 early career scientists from underrepresented groups with up to $1.4 million in funding over eight years. Fellows will receive mentoring and active involvement within the HHMI community, aiming to drive real change in academia.
Researchers have discovered how glutamine controls gene programs in cells, revealing a new mechanism of differentiation and gene regulation. This finding has significant implications for understanding developmental biology, the immune response, and cancer dysregulation.
Researchers at CNIO have developed a way to stabilize haploidy in animal cells, overcoming the issue of quick loss of genetic stability. By removing the p53 tumor suppressor gene, the group increases the survival rate of these cells, thereby stabilizing their haploid state.
Scientists have successfully grown a structure similar to an early stage of human development using pluripotent stem cells. The lab-grown amniotic sac embryoid, or PASE, exhibits key features such as two distinct halves and a hollow center, making it a potential tool for exploring infertility research.
Researchers successfully corrected a heart condition-causing mutation in human embryos, paving the way for potential treatments and prevention of inherited diseases. The technique uses CRISPR-Cas9 to target specific genetic mutations, offering hope for improving IVF outcomes and curing certain diseases.
A new study by the Reik lab finds that genetic noise is essential for cells to make decisions about their fate, enabling symmetry breaking and unique cell types.
Researchers have discovered that mammalian cells can build an embryo by making four simple decisions, including counting their neighboring cells. This simplified understanding of embryonic development challenges traditional theories and offers new insights into evolution.
A team from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has discovered small RNA fragments that protect the genome from retrotransposons during epigenetic reprogramming in preimplantation embryos. These fragments, consisting of 18 and 22 nucleotides, are perfect complements of sequences within retrotransposons.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and colleagues discover that nerve cells use two signals to measure position accurately, turning into the right type of cell. This finding could inform regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches.
Researchers have discovered that Pramel7 protein is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cells' perfect pluripotency. This discovery holds promise for developing treatments for complex bone fractures.
A new two-part system turns embryonic or adult stem cells into the desired target cell type, reproducing flawlessly. The system uses a DNA plasmid that makes cells glow green when exposed to blue light, allowing researchers to track its removal and control gene expression.
Researchers from Turku, Finland have discovered new information about the mechanisms regulating gene activity in human embryonic stem cells. The study sheds light on indirect genomic regulatory mechanisms that maintain gene expression and self-renewal of stem cells.
Scientists have successfully generated blood-forming stem cells in the lab using pluripotent stem cells from patients' own cells. The advance opens up new opportunities to create immune-matched blood cells and potentially treat genetic blood disorders.
UCSB researchers have developed a new method to control gene expression in embryonic stem cells using light, allowing for the precise engineering of tissues. This breakthrough could lead to novel therapeutic applications and insights into tissue development.
Researchers have identified a gene, Prkca, that plays a key role in the formation of neural tube defects, commonly found in infants of pregnant women with diabetes. The study's findings may lead to new methods for reducing risk and potentially prevent these birth defects.
Researchers found that even though iPSCs derived from identical twins have the same genes, they have distinct epigenetic markers, particularly near MYC binding sites. This discovery helps scientists better understand the processes involved in reprogramming cells and the differences between iPSCs and ESCs.
Biologist Carl-Philipp Heisenberg has been awarded an ERC advanced grant to study the interplay between gene regulatory networks and physical processes in embryonic development. His research will focus on gastrulation, a critical phase of embryonic development where cells are transformed into distinct layers.
Salk scientists have discovered a chemical cocktail that enables cultured mouse and human stem cells to generate both embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues. This breakthrough could lead to better disease modeling, drug discovery, and tissue regeneration, particularly in the field of organ regeneration.
Scientists at Lund University have developed a new understanding of how human blood cells form during embryonic development, showing that endothelial cells undergo dramatic changes to become blood cells. The research provides critical insights into the origins of blood and its regulation in development.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered a new regulatory protein called SMARCAD1 that fine-tunes embryonic stem cells to switch between two states. By suppressing this protein, they can induce the switch and maintain pluripotency in stem cells.
Human embryonic stem cells exist in two states: naïve and primed. Researchers have identified molecular flags on these cells, allowing them to track and investigate their transition. This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of gene activity changes during reprogramming.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new tool to distinguish between immature and mature embryonic stem cells. These cells hold great potential for replacing damaged tissue and understanding early embryonic development.
A team of scientists from Caltech has found that lamprey gut neurons originate from cells called Schwann cell precursors, challenging the long-held theory that these cells give rise to vagal neural crest cells. This discovery offers insights into the evolutionary origins of vertebrates and their digestive systems.
Researchers have successfully rejuvenated old gut stem cells by restoring Wnt signaling, suggesting a potential pathway to target for clinicians. This breakthrough offers new insights into the role of Wnt proteins in controlling stem cell growth and pluripotency in the gut later in life.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that KLF4 promotes metabolic shift towards glycolysis and inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, enabling cells to acquire pluripotency. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms underlying induced pluripotent stem cell generation.
Researchers at University of Cambridge create structure resembling mouse embryo in culture using two types of stem cells and 3D scaffold. The artificial embryo's development follows the same pattern as naturally developing embryos, but it lacks key cells needed for further growth.
The Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute is developing a biological pacemaker that can treat patients with slow heartbeats. The device turns normal heart cells into pacemaker cells using gene therapy, potentially replacing electronic pacemakers one day.
Researchers compared six methods for single-cell RNA sequencing and found that some commercial kits are ten times more expensive than homemade versions. The choice of method depends on the experiment's conditions and demands. This study is valuable for further developing the technology, particularly in the Human Cell Atlas project.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that PARP-1 enzyme plays a crucial role in inhibiting fat cell formation and maintaining embryonic stem cells. The study highlights the importance of PARP-1 in normal physiological processes and its potential as a target for treating metabolic disorders.
A new report from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research has discovered that adult planarian stem cells called neoblasts arise during a specific stage of embryonic development. These cells retain the ability to access embryonic developmental programs during adulthood, allowing them to drive regeneration of lost body parts.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have discovered how shoot stem cells form in plants, a process similar to animals. The transcription factor WOX2 regulates the balance between plant hormones cytokinin and auxin, allowing stem cells to maintain their unlimited potential for development.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine have discovered an efficient way to generate thyroid cells using genetically modified embryonic stem cells. The findings, published in Stem Cell Reports, are the first step towards developing a protocol using human stem cells to model thyroid disease and develop therapies.
Researchers at UCL and Heinrich Heine University have discovered the OCT4 gene essential for chemically reprogramming human amniotic stem cells. The process allows these cells to be rejuvenated and function like embryonic stem cells, providing a promising alternative for therapies and research.
Researchers at Salk Institute successfully created human/pig chimeras, offering insights into early human development and potential applications for drug testing. The achievement marks an important step towards growing functional tissues and organs for regenerative medicine.
Researchers at Salk Institute successfully integrated stem cells from one species into the early-stage development of another, growing a rat pancreas, heart, and eyes in a mouse. They also generated human cells and tissues in pig embryos, marking a step toward generating transplantable human organs.
A metabolic pathway regulating the formation of a crucial embryonic structure has been discovered, shedding light on how embryos develop and how certain drugs can affect pregnancy. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding statin use in pregnant women and may lead to safer drug regimens.
Scientists have found a way to reprogram mouse embryonic stem cells to mimic the developmental characteristics of fertilized eggs, also known as zygotes. This breakthrough reveals a novel mechanism regulating totipotency and provides a powerful cell-culture system to further study early embryo development.
Emerging reproductive technologies like IVG hold promise for treating infertility and diseases, but also raise scientific, legal, and ethical challenges. The authors call for proactively addressing these concerns to ensure the technology is developed responsibly.
A new lab technology in mouse studies could create embryos from sources like repurposed skin cells, offering potential benefits for infertility patients. However, it also raises concerns about ethics and the possibility of 'embryo farming' on a large scale.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered that intermittent expression of genes normally associated with an embryonic state can reverse the hallmarks of old age. This approach resulted in the rejuvenation of mice with a premature aging disease, countering signs of aging and increasing their lifespan by 30%. The early-stage work...
Scientists have discovered a new long RNA molecule, XACT, which accumulates with XIST on active X-chromosomes in human embryos. This finding explains why XIST is unable to trigger X-chromosome silencing until later stages of development. The research also reveals that XACT restrains XIST activity before chromosome silencing occurs.
Johns Hopkins scientists successfully created more-flexible human embryonic stem cells by dosing conventional ESCs with a cocktail of three chemical inhibitors. The new cells exhibit features similar to those of classic mouse ESCs, enabling their potential use in therapies and genetic disease modeling.
Researchers have discovered that TET proteins, which modify methyl groups attached to cytosine, influence gene expression and facilitate the removal of these marks. This dynamic modulation is critical for driving developmental gene expression programs in early embryos, particularly in neural tissue formation.
Researchers at the Babraham Institute used CRISPR to delete PRC2 from human embryonic stem cells, revealing its role in keeping genes switched off until needed. Loss of PRC2 caused compromised cell quality and specialisation into mature cell types.
Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München found a mechanism controlling cell division after fertilization, allowing for diverse cellular development. The study reveals that the molecule Suv4-20h2 attaches methyl groups to histones, arresting cell progression and enabling totipotency.
Scientists found that a balance of telomere elongation and trimming in stem cells is necessary for optimal telomere length. Over-elongated telomeres accumulate DNA damage and can lead to cancer. The study deepens understanding of stem cell biology and has implications for regenerative medicine and aging research.