Articles tagged with Endoplasmic Reticulum
Researchers have identified two chemical compounds, PBA and TUDCA, that alleviate ER stress and restore normal glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice. These compounds also improved insulin response, reduced fatty liver disease, and prevented JNK activation, offering a potential new approach to treating metabolic syndrome.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute identified a critical biological pathway responsible for Parkinson's symptoms and developed a treatment to repair it. Increasing levels of a transport protein restored normal neurological function in animal models, including fruit flies, worms, and rats with alpha-synuclein-induced Parkinson's symptoms.
The IRE1 protein plays a crucial role in regulating new protein synthesis and immune cell development. Researchers have found that IRE1 is essential for the development of B lymphocytes, which produce antibodies to fight infections. The study suggests that IRE1 could be a target for new drugs to treat autoimmune diseases such as lupus.
A study by St. Jude, Loyola and Kyoto University discovered that XBP1 coordinates the processes of building and equipping new ER to increase the cell's capacity for folding and shipping proteins. The gene triggers the production of phosphatidylcholine, a major building block of the ER membranes.
GM1 gangliosidosis causes brain cells to self-destruct due to excessive accumulation of fatty molecules in lysosomes and disrupted protein folding. The St. Jude team found that the endoplasmic reticulum is triggered by GM1 accumulation, leading to a cell's emergency response and eventual death.
Melbourne scientist Mike Hubbard overturns long-held assumption on calcium transport, revealing a new class of protein linked to breast cancer and fertility. His research suggests an alternative calcium transport system based on the Endoplasmic Reticulum, potentially leading to new drug developments.
Researchers have solved the structure of the pre-budding complex, a set of proteins that plays a key role in forming vesicles on the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. The study reveals how the complex assembles on the ER membrane and initiates the process of membrane cargo capture and vesicle budding.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered that yeast can form an interconnected system where one organelle gives rise to another through outgrowths of its own membrane. This finding sheds light on disorders such as Menkes disease and polycystic kidney disease, which are caused by defects in Golgi function.