Articles tagged with Mammalian Cells
A study by Johns Hopkins University found that blind mice can form low-acuity images using special photosensitive cells in their retinas. This discovery suggests that a blind person could be trained to use these cells to perform simple tasks requiring low visual acuity.
Researchers identified the Mahjong gene, which determines the winners of a life-or-death
Researchers discovered a chemical that promotes brain cell growth, potentially leading to new treatments for Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative diseases. The substance protects newborn neurons from dying off, giving them better odds of becoming functional cells.
Researchers found that social interaction and a richer living environment significantly reduced tumor mass and volume in mice with cancer. The study suggests that low-stress, mentally stimulating environments may be beneficial for cancer treatment.
A Japanese team of scientists has identified a long-elusive enzyme necessary for the proper regulation of primary cilia, which serve as communication hubs in sensory neurons. The discovery may aid in developing therapies for diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and polycystic kidney disease.
Scientists at TWINCORE have developed a mouse-adapted version of the hepatitis C virus, allowing researchers to study its interaction with the immune system. This breakthrough enables the development of new vaccines and treatments for this chronic infection.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered that the brains of humans and chickens share comparable regions for analyzing auditory inputs. The study found laminated layers of cells linked by narrow columns in both species, indicating that complex cognitive functions may have evolved from ancient vertebrates.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have alleviated diabetes in rats using transplants from both embryonic and adult pigs. The rats adopted the pig transplants as their own and produced enough insulin to control their blood sugar levels, a significant breakthrough in treating the disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine used a laser beam to activate a protein that makes a cluster of fruit fly cells behave like a school of fish, following the lead of one stimulated with light. This study holds potential importance for understanding embryonic development and tumor metastasis.
Research on prion disease found that structural differences affect transmission between species, while gene therapy showed promise in nonhuman primates. Additionally, the protein periostin was discovered to promote heart valve degeneration by inducing angiogenesis and MMP production.
Scientists have created a novel type of immune system cell called Induced T to Natural Killer Cells (ITNK cells) that can kill cancer cells in lab tests and mouse models. These reprogrammed killer cells are more efficient at targeting tumour cells than unmodified Natural Killer cells.
Researchers have successfully generated mouse cells that resemble human inner-ear hair cells in a petri dish. This breakthrough could lead to significant scientific and clinical advances along the path to curing deafness. The study provides a protocol for generating millions of functional hair cells from renewable sources.
Researchers have developed a method to convert human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) and embryonic stem (ES) cells to a more flexible state, similar to mouse ES cells. This breakthrough could improve the efficiency of gene targeting and potentially lead to new therapeutic applications for human ES and iPS cells.
Singapore scientists have made significant breakthroughs in understanding early embryonic development using single cell gene expression analysis. The study resolves debates on cellular differentiation events and highlights the importance of fibroblast growth factor signalling in cell fate decisions.
Researchers discovered yeast cells can decide to mate within two minutes of meeting due to a chemical change on a single protein. This process is controlled by the concentration of pheromones in the environment, which triggers mating if sufficient.
Researchers have developed a new approach to treating cancer using viruses to infect and kill cancer cells. In mice, combining this with standard therapy led to substantial tumor regression and cure. Additionally, modulating VEGF signaling allowed the cells lining tumor blood vessels to be targeted by viruses, suggesting a potential wi...
UT Southwestern researchers discovered that new brain nerve cells play a crucial role in stress resilience. Mice susceptible to stress exhibited enhanced neurogenesis, with surviving cells surviving longer than those produced by resilient mice.
Researchers at Stanford University have made major advances in the optogenetics technique, enabling a wider range of experiments with larger animals. The new capabilities include using any visible color of light and harnessing intracellular trafficking to spread the optogenetic effect throughout brain circuits.
Researchers from The Wistar Institute demonstrate that mice lacking the p21 gene can regenerate lost tissue, forming a blastema and replacing damaged cells with healthy ones. This discovery provides evidence of a link between cell division control and tissue regeneration, opening up possibilities for accelerating healing in humans.
A study published in Plant Biotechnology Journal found that algae can produce human therapeutic proteins such as VEGF, HMGB1, and fibronectin at levels comparable to mammalian cell cultures. This could significantly reduce the cost of expensive treatments for diseases like Multiple Sclerosis and Type 1 diabetes.
Researchers are creating computer models to study how cells process information and make decisions, with potential implications for understanding cancer. By analyzing molecular mechanisms and interactions, scientists aim to develop more effective cancer treatments.
Researchers at OHSU have discovered a mechanism that detects and destroys faulty G-protein coupled receptors, which can cause disease. The discovery increases understanding of how these receptors work and will lead to better therapeutic development.
Researchers studied cell-to-tube transformation in Drosophila, revealing the formation of small-diameter respiratory tubes and their link to capillary development. The study identified key genetic machinery and molecular mechanisms involved, providing insights into the development of fine blood vessels.
Researchers at EMBL uncover gene Foxl2 that maintains female traits in adult mice, reversing default pathway. The study has implications for reproductive medicine and may help treat sex differentiation disorders.
Merkel cells are essential for distinguishing shapes and textures, enabling hand dexterity through the sensory coding of light touch. The discovery confirms these cells are required for this function.
Penn researchers identify a novel cellular source of atrial fibrillation, the most common type of abnormal heart beat, and suggest a more precise way to treat AF with reduced side effects.
A study by the Cell Transplantation Center of Excellence found that autologous brain cell transplants can provide brain protection and repair neural damage in donor primates. The cells survived at an impressive 50% rate for four months post-implantation, offering a promising new approach to treating neurological disorders.
Researchers found a two-tier defense mechanism in the DNA of naked mole rats, which expresses a gene called p16 that stops cell proliferation when too many cells crowd together. This discovery could potentially lead to new cancer treatments for humans.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a cellular mechanism that causes lupus-like symptoms in mice. The study found that macrophages play a crucial role in disposing of dying cells, and a specific molecule called PPAR-delta helps regulate this process.
A group of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania has identified a population of cells resembling pigment-producing skin cells in the atria and pulmonary veins of mice and humans. These melanocyte-like cells may contribute to the development of atrial fibrillation, the most common type of abnormal heart rhythm.
Researchers have identified a counterbalancing role for the phosphorylation of alpha-synuclein amino acid 125 in nerve cell protection against alpha-synuclein-mediated toxicity. Higher levels of this phosphorylated form were found to decrease toxic soluble oligomers and protect against Parkinson's disease symptoms.
University of Michigan mathematicians have identified the signal sent by the brain to control biological rhythms, a finding that challenges the long-held theory about our internal clock. The discovery could lead to breakthroughs in treating sleep problems and diseases influenced by the internal clock.
Researchers at UCSF have developed a way to control mammalian cells using light, enabling the creation of 'microscopic robots' that can follow light beams or stop on command. This breakthrough offers new possibilities for cancer and cardiovascular research, as well as potential applications in nerve growth and repair.
Researchers developed an ultra-thin material with precise silver dose that kills 99.9999% bacteria without damaging cells needed for healing. The new approach is more targeted and controlled than current wound dressings.
Researchers have identified a new gene, PTRF, which causes mutations leading to muscle weakness and lipodystrophy. The study found that these individuals had deficient caveolin-3 protein in their muscles, despite no mutations in the caveolin-3 gene.
Researchers at the University of Florida successfully programmed bone marrow stem cells to become vision cells by mimicking environmental conditions with chemical compounds. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for age-related macular degeneration, affecting nearly 2 million people in the US. The study's findings have signifi...
A team of researchers has found that transplanting sheets of clonally expanded heart cells improves heart function after a heart attack in mice. The cells secreted a molecule that induced the migration of endothelial cells and prevented oxidative stress, leading to improved heart function.
Researchers found that when people believe another person cannot see, the effects of adaptation are greatly reduced, suggesting a bi-directional relationship between gaze processing and mental-state attribution. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of what goes wrong in individuals with autism.
Researchers have finally proven the link between Merkel cells and light touch sensation, a discovery that resolves a 100-year-old mystery in neuroscience. The study found that Merkel cells, typically associated with texture and shape perception, play a crucial role in detecting light touch.
A new study has identified a key protein receptor responsible for tumor cells invading the brain and spinal cord in childhood leukemia. The finding may lead to new drugs that block this receptor and reduce the risk of relapse in some leukemia patients.
Researchers discovered that only minor differences in cell proliferation timing explain the anatomical differences between owl and capuchin monkey eyes. This finding sheds light on how complex structures like the eye evolve gradually through evolution without compromising function.
Researchers have identified a protein responsible for regulating branched-chain amino acid catabolism, which may be linked to Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Additionally, immune cells called V-alpha-24-invariant NKT cells can indirectly affect neuroblastoma growth by killing tumor-associated cells that promote its growth.
Researchers identify cowpea mosaic virus's target protein vimentin, a key step towards using the virus as a drug delivery agent. The discovery may lead to targeted treatment of tumors and potentially prevent infectious diseases.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered a gene that helps protect PTEN, a major tumor-suppressor protein, from degradation in breast cancer. Rak's protective effect is linked to its ability to stabilize PTEN protein, preventing breast cancer development.
Scientists have discovered that amniotic fluid contains a new source of stem cells with potential therapeutic applications. These cells, known as AFKL cells, can generate all blood cell lineages in experiments and exhibit self-renewal capabilities, similar to other stem cells.
Researchers found that 50% of hippocampal cells differentiate between correct and incorrect responses, influencing new learning by changing cell sensitivity. The study establishes a physiological link between associative learning and processing trial outcomes.
Researchers created a surface material that can confine and control the growth of bacteria and mammalian cells, revealing differences in their attachment mechanisms. This breakthrough technology has the potential to lead to improved medical implants and new methods for preventing biofouling.
Two new methods are featured in Cold Spring Harbor Protocols: a rapid, reversible method for studying protein stability using small molecules, and a combined technique for identifying proteins that mediate long-range chromosomal interactions. These methods provide new tools for investigating protein function and chromatin structure.
A study has discovered two distinct molecular pathways controlling Treg cell formation, which could lead to new treatments for autoimmune disorders and chronic infections. The research suggests that bypassing a molecular breakdown triggering autoimmunity may be possible through the peripheral lymphoid system.
A team of scientists has identified two proteins that may act as receptors for autophagosomes, the cell structures responsible for removing misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. This discovery sheds light on how autophagy works and could lead to new drug development.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified a human protein, occludin, that makes mouse cells susceptible to the hepatitis C virus. This discovery provides a clear foundation for developing an animal model and tailored treatments for the disease.
A team of Johns Hopkins neuroscientists has discovered a new type of light sensor in the eye that detects light and communicates with the brain. These melanopsin-containing cells are insensitive to light, but their signal is large enough to influence the brain when activated by multiple photons.
Scientists have developed a cocktail that can capture and maintain indefinitely the most fundamental of embryonic stem cells from essentially any mammal. The discovery allows researchers to produce genetically altered strains of rats with conditions mimicking human disease in a targeted way, making it easier to study human diseases.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have developed a gene therapy that alleviates sickle cell disease pathology by introducing a corrective gene into mouse blood cells. The treated mice showed essentially no difference from normal mice, with improved red blood cell production and organ function.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed a new method for identifying proteins that give a cell type its unique identity, offering a breakthrough in cellular analysis. This technique, translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP), can distinguish between any type of cell in any tissue, with applications for research int...
Scientists have discovered an important fat precursor cell that may explain how changes in fat cells lead to obesity. The discovery could also shed light on conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers discovered that immune cells have an unexpected compensatory mechanism to take over for nonfunctional XLF, allowing them to maintain normal immune system function. XLF-deficient mice exhibit modest decreases in mature lymphocyte numbers and nearly normal V(D)J recombination during development.
Scientists at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a crucial protein called UHRF1 that acts like a bookmark to maintain the correct pattern of DNA methylation. This process is essential for normal development and preventing cancer, as alterations in methylation patterns can lead to gene silencing at the wrong times.
Researchers discover complex events initiated by individual spikes in the human cerebral cortex, triggered by specific chandelier cells. The study suggests that humans possess different types of cells contributing to higher cognition.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center identified a protein called BMP-7 that induces the formation and function of brown fat cells. This discovery may lead to new treatments or prevention strategies for obesity and its associated diseases.