Articles tagged with Mammalian Cells
Researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center predicted and confirmed how E. coli bacteria hijack a cell's sense of direction by manipulating actin polymers. This study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms controlling disease-causing agents and normal mammalian cell behavior.
Researchers create specially engineered mammalian cells with a chemical handle to label proteins of interest efficiently without disrupting their function. The new approach enables fast, high-yield protein labeling and has advantages over existing methods.
Researchers found that repeated injections of human umbilical cord blood cells improved motor neuron survival, delayed disease progression, and increased lifespan in mice modeling ALS. The study suggests that low-dose cell administration could be beneficial for patients with ALS even after symptom onset.
A team of researchers has identified a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive form of brain cancer. They found that protein SULF2 is expressed in primary human GBM tumors and cell lines, and its expression is associated with abnormal activation of signaling pathways down...
Researchers found grape seed extract to be effective in killing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells without harming healthy cells. The extract damages cancer cells' DNA and prevents repair pathways from functioning.
Researchers found that specific brain areas underlie perception of different 3D structures, including convex and concave surfaces. Electrical stimulation of these areas influenced monkeys' choices and decision-making times.
Scientists at OHSU successfully produced the world's first primate chimeric offspring, three baby rhesus macaques, shedding light on stem cell functions and abilities in primates compared to rodents. The research has significant implications for regenerative medicine, particularly in treating diseases like Parkinson's.
Researchers have successfully produced chimeric monkeys with six distinct genomes, expanding the scope of biomedical research. The breakthrough suggests limitations in using cultured embryonic stem cells and highlights the importance of studying primate and human embryos.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered that injecting stem cells from young, healthy animals into rapidly aging mice can improve their health and increase their lifespan. The study found that stem cell dysfunction is a major contributor to the aging process.
Researchers discovered a key mechanism in the brain that controls spatial resolution, allowing for precise navigation and memory. By disabling ion channels in grid cells, they found that the brain's maps become coarser, affecting spatial memory and navigation.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that eliminating senescent cells can prevent or delay the onset of age-related disorders and disabilities. The study showed that lifelong elimination of these cells delayed age-related disorders such as cataracts and muscle loss, and slowed their progression in already established diseases.
Researchers at Caltech found that bacterial cells respond to stress by continuously flipping genes on and off, similar to a heater switching on and off. This pulsating mechanism, triggered by molecular fluctuations, could drive other cellular processes and reveal more about how life works.
Researchers have created melanocytes from mouse tail cells using inducible pluripotent stem cells, offering potential benefits for tissue transplantation, cancer treatment, and drug discovery. The lab-made cells can be studied to understand the development of conditions like vitiligo and melanoma.
Researchers found almost no DNA structural mutations in induced pluripotent stem cells reprogrammed using a standard four-gene method. The study used advanced chromosomal error-mapping methods and detected only one mutation per line, which likely originated from the reprogramming process.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have successfully guided mouse stem cells into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which can restore myelin on nerves. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for basic research and potential therapies for multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases.
Researchers have created stem cells with a single set of chromosomes, simplifying the study of gene function and its impact on development. This technique enables scientists to identify mutations in genes that affect cell behavior and potentially develop new treatments for diseases.
A recent study published in Science reveals that mitochondrial division occurs at points where the two structures, mitochondria and ER, touch. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of cell organization and the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.
The ASCB's online image library has won The Scientist's 2011 Readers' Choice Award for favorite website, showcasing over 3,250 searchable images. The library, funded by the NIH, has attracted 65,000 visits from 157 countries and welcomes contributions from researchers worldwide.
Researchers have developed a new imaging method, spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM), that can measure cell mass with high accuracy. SLIM offers insights into the debated problem of whether cells grow at a constant rate or exponentially.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new strategy to improve the development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) by fusing two proteins. This approach increases efficiency and purity, decreases tumor formation risk, and simplifies the process, making it more feasible for human transplantation.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have made a key discovery showing that male sex must be maintained throughout life. The study found that removing the Dmrt1 gene causes male cells in mouse testis to become female cells, highlighting the importance of active maintenance of the original sex determination decision.
Researchers create 'excitable' cells by introducing specific ion channels, enabling electrical communication between cells. The modified cells can restore large electrical gaps in heart tissue and have potential applications in treating diseases of the nervous system or heart.
Researchers at U-M found that mutations caused by aging or disease can lead to a loss of cell identity, resulting in gene expression changes. This instability can have significant impacts on physiological functions, including arrhythmia in mice.
Researchers at Columbia University developed a new technique to evaluate human stem cells using cell micropatterning, enabling the study of developmental processes and disease diagnosis. The technique reveals directional motion patterns in cells, which can distinguish between normal and pathological behaviors.
A new slow-release compound, JM6, protects mice against neurodegenerative effects of Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease by increasing production of a neuroprotective compound. JM6 extends lifespan, improves motor coordination and preserves synapses in both models.
Researchers have identified stem cell population that can reverse nerve cell loss in individuals with Parkinson disease. Protein-based human iPS cells efficiently generate functional dopamine neurons and treat a rat model of the disease.
Researchers created a new mouse model that can be used to study degenerative diseases, such as type I diabetes and Parkinson's disease. The Mos-iCsp3 mouse allows for targeted destruction of specific cell types, providing a valuable tool for developing therapies.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified a human lung stem cell capable of regenerating damaged lung tissue. The discovery has the potential to offer a new treatment option for those suffering from chronic lung diseases.
Researchers have found that mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells produce highly similar definitive endoderm when differentiated in vitro. This suggests that iPS cells could be used for developing cell-based therapies for diseased endoderm-derived tissues.
Rhesus monkeys demonstrated flexible recall of simple shapes from memory, similar to humans, and showed ability to transfer memory skill to novel shapes. This finding suggests that the ability to recollect may have been present in our common ancestor 30 million years ago.
A team of researchers has identified a key role for the protein fibulin-5 in preventing pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in mice. Fibulin-5 prevents POP by facilitating the assembly of normal elastic fibers and inhibiting the activity of MMP9, a protein that degrades these fibers. Increased levels of MMP-9 were found in vaginal tissue sampl...
Researchers have discovered TRIM5's mechanism of preventing HIV multiplication, which opens up new prospects for fighting the virus in humans. The protein triggers an immune response and stimulates the production of signal molecules to eliminate infected cells.
Researchers have discovered a new way to reprogram adult cells into an embryonic stem cell-like state using specific microRNAs and Hdac2 suppression, offering a more efficient alternative to traditional methods. This breakthrough could lead to improved strategies for developing stem cells for therapeutic use.
Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center have found that a protein called alpha-myosin heavy chain triggers inflammatory heart disease in people with type 1 diabetes. The discovery could lead to diagnostic and therapeutic tools for this condition, which is often fatal.
Scientists have identified a protein called Snapin as the molecular switch that controls insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. This discovery provides an explanation for the failure of these cells in type 2 diabetes and may lead to new therapies.
Researchers have discovered that retinal ganglion cells receive visual information from amacrine cell dendrites running along the null-direction, allowing for directional selectivity. This mechanism relies on asymmetric synapses and inhibitory influences between neighbouring amacrine cells.
Researchers identify significant differences in timing of cell fate commitment between mice and cattle, raising implications for embryonic stem cell generation. The study shows that the early implantation process is driven by a key evolutionary step enabling early implantation in mice.
Neuroscientists at Johns Hopkins University discovered that cells in area V4 of the primate brain select out only the most vital information for understanding the visual world. The brain compresses visual information by responding mostly to flat edges and shallow curvatures, rather than rare high-curvature regions.
Researchers found that learning causes significant structural changes in affected neurons, including a 22% increase in dendritic spines connecting them to other motor neurons. This discovery suggests that the adult brain is highly changeable and adaptable as it learns new information.
Reproductive scientists have successfully created male and female mice from two fathers using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. This breakthrough could pave the way for preserving endangered species and improving livestock breeds, as well as advancing human assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Researchers found that Mycobacterium chelonae, a common environmental bacterium, can decrease the effectiveness of the bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. The study suggests that immune cells exposed to this bacterium may dampen vaccine efficacy. This discovery could lead to new, more effective vaccines against tuberculosis.
Researchers have developed a new X-ray microscope that delivers immediate 3D images of entire living cells, closing the gap between conventional microscopic techniques. The new method allows for high-resolution imaging without chemical fixation or labelling, enabling detailed study of cellular ultrastructure.
Scientists have developed a novel system called MultiLabel to efficiently label mammalian cells with multiple fluorescent markers, allowing for faster disease process analysis. This technique enables precise labeling of cellular components involved in various diseases, facilitating accelerated drug development and screening.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins discovered that NG2+ cells undergo dramatic changes in ALS, growing rapidly and forming abnormal oligodendrocytes that quickly die. This overgrowth suggests a new player in the disease's progression.
Researchers have identified a potential new drug combination for treating diffuse large B cell lymphoma and found potential therapeutic targets for Noonan syndrome. The combination of an inhibitor of BCL6 with either an HDAC protein or Hsp90 protein showed enhanced killing of cancer cells in vitro and potent suppression of tumor growth...
Researchers have created a novel 'on-off switch' using a plant's light-activated proteins to control cell functions. The blue-light switch has been successfully tested in yeast, mammalian cells and cultured rodent brain tissue, offering a new approach for controlling cell growth, death and delivering medication directly to diseased cells.
Researchers found that maternal KIRs interacting with fetal HLA-C molecules determine trophoblast invasion, affecting recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. Meanwhile, a new approach to treating thrombocytopenia involves infusing mature megakaryocytes into mice to generate functional platelets.
Researchers have identified a new class of long non-protein-coding RNAs that respond to SARS-CoV and influenza virus infections, suggesting they play a role in determining the outcome of infection. The study found distinct profiles of genetic activity associated with pathogenicity and lethal infection.
Researchers found that proteins importing structural material and regulating its import determine cell size. By manipulating these proteins, they can make a smaller species' nuclei balloon up to the size of a larger one. This discovery could lead to new insights into nuclear size regulation in cancer cells.
A research team led by Kang Zhang aims to use chemicals to reprogram Muller cells into photoreceptors in the eye, potentially leading to new cell-based therapy and small molecule drugs for regenerative medicine. The goal is to restore visual function lost due to diseases such as macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa.
A study published in Developmental Cell sheds light on Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, a rare genetic disease causing premature aging. Researchers discovered that defects in the extracellular matrix and Wnt signaling pathway contribute to progeria's characteristic symptoms.
Researchers have identified dendritic cells in zebrafish, opening up new possibilities for studying the complexities of the human immune system. The discovery provides another model for investigating the mammalian immune system, particularly with regard to humans.
Researchers at EMBL identified specific type of neurons involved in mouse fear response, revealing complex brain circuitry. They used fMRI and genetic approaches to control neurons' activity, showing that fear can trigger active coping strategies instead of freezing.
Researchers have successfully generated iPS cell-derived hepatocytes, which can recapitulate key features of inherited liver diseases and regenerate in mice. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for liver disorders.
Scientists have identified a population of cells enriched with the capacity to regenerate blood vessels, which show promise in treating cardiovascular disease. These cells, isolated from human blood or bone marrow, can support the growth of nearby blood vessels and enhance blood flow.
Researchers have detected and quantified novel small RNAs in human cells that represent entirely new classes of gene-translating molecules. The findings confirm a long-held hypothesis that mammalian cells can synthesize RNA by copying RNA molecules directly.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine successfully replicated the ability of newts to regenerate tissue in mouse cells by blocking the expression of two tumor-suppressing proteins. This breakthrough may lead to future regenerative therapies for humans, and could involve sending us back down the evolutionary tree.
A new tagging technique developed by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago provides a clearer and more dynamic view of protein-protein interactions in living mammalian cells. The technique uses luminescence resonance energy transfer to label proteins with differently colored, luminescent molecules, allowing for faster data ...
Scientists discovered that abnormal prions, a type of infectious protein, can suddenly appear in healthy brain tissue when coated onto metal surfaces. This finding raises questions about the origin of these deadly proteins and their potential role in neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have confirmed the nucleolinus's role in cell division by associating it with structures required for separation of chromosomes. The discovery provides insight into recent studies suggesting a critical role for the nucleolus in cell cycle regulation.