Articles tagged with Human Development
A study by NYU Steinhardt School found that over a quarter of New York City retailers did not request identification from young adults buying cigarettes. Chain stores were more likely to comply with minimum age laws than independent vendors.
Researchers discovered a correlation between climate and language evolution, finding that complex tones occur more frequently in tropical regions. The study suggests that inhaling dry air can cause vocal fold dehydration, making it harder to achieve complex tones.
A Penn State study found that a prenatal program aimed at enhancing couples' co-parenting relationship improved children's adjustment and school engagement at age seven. The intervention focused on fostering positive co-parenting, leading to better emotional security and well-being for the child.
Two new global maps, developed by IIASA and IFPRI, provide more accurate information on cropland extent and field size. The maps, released in the journal Global Change Biology, improve regional food security planning and local economic conditions.
Research from NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development suggests that people interpret terrorist threats in varying ways. Study author Rezarta Bilali found that individuals with homogeneous group identities are less likely to perceive heightened threat when exposed to external terrorist threats.
A recent study by Indiana University researcher Jonathon Beckmeyer found that adolescents' alcohol use is influenced by their close friends' use, regardless of peer consumption perceptions. Parents can encourage teens to make friendships with non-alcohol-using friends to help prevent teen alcohol use.
Researchers found that teenagers who placed high importance on both work and family goals, as well as having confidence in achieving them, were more likely to report feeling successful in their careers and families later in life. These individuals also reached higher education levels than those with only family-oriented goals.
Researchers create a learning network of wheelchair-mounted robotic arms and human users to improve daily activities, satisfaction, and quality of life for people with spinal cord injuries. The project aims to maximize human-robot learning and address ethical issues related to assistive technology.
Conflicts at home and school often occur together, with family problems increasing the likelihood of school issues, while school problems can also lead to conflicts at home. The study found that negative mood and psychological symptoms play a key role in this spillover process.
The University of Illinois Chicago has established a new Research and Training Center to study the experiences of family caregivers caring for people with disabilities. The center aims to improve the health and well-being of individuals with disabilities and their families by understanding their needs and challenges.
Frequent consumption of fried foods has been linked to a higher risk of overweight and obesity. Women who consumed total fried foods 7 times or more per week had an 88% increased risk of GDM compared to those who consumed less than once per week.
A NYU study found that children improve their spoken language processing when hearing familiar voices, but only for words they already know. The advantage is limited and does not apply to unfamiliar words.
Researchers have successfully developed a synthetic version of the sperm protein PAWP, which induces calcium oscillations and oocyte activation in human and mouse eggs. This breakthrough raises hopes for improved IVF success rates and better understanding of fertilization events.
The UW-Madison team is creating a human tissue chip technology to classify compounds as dangerous or not dangerous. The technology has shown 100% accuracy in predicting toxic responses with early results on a 2-D system with 45 known toxins.
The National Institutes of Health will award $17 million to support the development of human tissue chip technology, which could revolutionize predicting drug failure or success. Integrating chips mimicking human organ functions into a full body system will enable real-time measurement of drug effects and improve biomedical research.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have defined the composition of the human cytoplasmic dynein-2 complex, essential for normal human development. This discovery sheds light on ciliopathies, a range of diseases caused by dysfunctional cilia, and could lead to new treatments.
A new study has created a 'global roadmap' for prioritizing road building across the planet, identifying areas with most potential benefit and conflict zones. The approach balances competing demands of development and environmental protection.
Physical neglect during childhood is a stronger predictor of male adolescent violence than physical abuse, according to Penn State researchers. The study suggests that understanding neglect's role in influencing violent behavior can lead to better education and care for at-risk youths.
A CU Denver study explores the connection between preferred ethnic labels and cultural heritage among Latin American descent individuals. The research found that Hispanic students identified with traditional US values, while Chicana/o students were more likely to identify with their cultural heritage.
A study by NYU's Steinhardt School found that vouchers to buy fresh fruits and vegetables at farmers markets increased the amount of produce in the diets of some economically disadvantaged women. More than half reported consuming vegetables more frequently, with those who consumed little produce initially seeing the greatest increase.
Researchers are investigating whether brain estrogens enhance learning and memory in young birds and adults, with the goal of developing targeted treatments for cognitive disorders. Studies will use drugs to manipulate estrogen levels and electrophysiology to assess memory consolidation.
US Department of Education reforms place demands on principals' expertise and time; new report recommends coaching teachers, redesigning job descriptions, and university partnerships to support principals. Effective principal training is crucial to implementing stronger teacher evaluation systems, according to researchers.
A study found that exposure to BPS causes hyperactive behavior and alters brain development in zebrafish, similar effects observed with BPA. The research suggests that BPS may lead to altered brain connections and explain the hyperactivity seen in another experiment.
A team of investigators at Children's Hospital Los Angeles is award $4 million to create a high-resolution, four-dimensional map of alveolar development in humans and mice. The LungMAP project will provide unprecedented insights into the formation of the gas exchange surface in the human lung.
A new study by the Endocrine Society found that BPA reprograms human fetal prostate tissue, increasing the risk of precancerous lesions. Exposure to low doses of BPA was shown to alter fetal prostate formation and increase stem cells, potentially leading to disease with aging.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have created a new mouse model of primary dystonia, which closely mimics the human form of the disease. The discovery could aid people with dystonia, Parkinson's and more, providing new insights into the basic biology of the disease and potentially leading to better treatments.
A decade-long study found that teens who acted cool in early adolescence were more likely to experience problems in early adulthood, including substance abuse and criminal activity. By age 22, these teens were rated as less competent in social relationships and had engaged in more serious behaviors.
Researchers aim to develop drug candidates that could reverse effects of poor early diets, potentially improving human healthspan. Early nutrition plays a critical role in lifelong health, with imbalanced diets during childhood increasing risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
Scientists have identified two alternative pathways that compensate for the lack of corpus callosum, enabling communication between brain hemispheres. These pathways are found to be functional and play a crucial role in tactile recognition abilities, similar to those observed in individuals with normal corpus callosum.
Researchers pinpointed five subgroups of adolescents most susceptible to specific risk factors for delinquency. The largest subgroup, accounting for 60%, was influenced by peer pressure, while the smallest, at 1%, had no identifiable risk factors despite committing high numbers of acts of delinquency.
Scientists have created a detailed map of human B cell development at the single-cell level, improving research capabilities and identifying rare aberrations that lead to disease. The approach will guide regenerative medicine and help understand complex developmental processes.
A new study reveals that women with wider hips are more likely to have multiple sexual partners and engage in one-night stands. Hip width, rather than waist-to-hip ratio, is found to be a key predictor of a woman's sexual behavior.
A new analysis of studies on school bullying found that comprehensive programs have been the most effective in reducing bullying, but require significant resources and commitment. Schools can do more to prevent bullying by ensuring students are not isolated and providing support to those who experience prolonged bullying.
Researchers found that adult day care services increase DHEA-S levels in caregivers, a protective response to chronic stress and disease. This study suggests that using adult day care services may help reduce the negative effects of caregiving on physical health.
Children who are lied to by an adult are more likely to cheat and lie themselves. The study tested 186 children ages 3 to 7 and found that those who were lied to peeked at a temptation toy nearly as much as those who weren't lied to, and were more likely to lie about it later.
A neuroimaging study found that adolescents with antisocial personality disorder have reduced activation in brain regions responsible for social information processing and impulse control. This impairment leads to difficulties in taking into account other people's intentions, resulting in more antisocial behavior.
Recent studies suggest that antibiotic use in childhood can lead to changes in growth and metabolic development. Low-dose antibiotics have been shown to alter body fat and tissue composition in laboratory animals, highlighting the potential impact of antibiotics on the gut microbiota.
A study found that adolescent girls who avoided painful thoughts and emotions were more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after child maltreatment. In contrast, those who openly discussed their experiences had lower PTSD symptoms.
A study published in The Gerontologist reveals that parents' attitudes towards giving help to their grown children can impact their mental health. Researchers found significant interactions between tangible support and feelings of reward, as well as nontangible support and stress, in explaining parents' depressive symptoms.
A study found that young adults who cared for animals reported feeling more connected to their communities and having empathy. The quality of the animal relationship was a key factor in developing positive youth development characteristics.
Researchers at Kennedy Krieger Institute have successfully developed a humanized preclinical model for FSHD, mirroring gene expression and biomarker profiles of human tissue. The model enables the study of muscle regeneration over time and prediction of clinical response to therapeutic drugs.
Researchers analyzed 1.6 billion connections within the brain and found highest agreement between structure and information flow in the default mode network, responsible for inward-focused thinking. The study suggests that the structural architecture of the brain ensures automatic switching to something useful when not being used.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed a humanized mouse model that can prevent the immune system from rejecting human embryonic stem cells. This breakthrough allows for potential use in developing stem cell therapies and understanding how tumors evade the immune system.
A recent NIH study using video technology and in-vehicle sensors found that drivers engage in distracting activities about 10% of the time, with risks being greatest for newly licensed teen drivers who are eight times more likely to crash or have a near miss while texting.
Researchers found that states adopting more alcohol and traffic laws had a 14.5% decrease in traffic fatality rates compared to those adopting fewer laws. The study suggests policymakers should focus on bringing weaker protection states up to speed, as lagging behind leads to more deaths.
Researchers found that newborn babies show signs of body awareness by differentiating their own bodies from others. They exhibit interest in looking at another baby's face when it is stroked synchronously with their own, suggesting a mechanism for self-perception already in place.
A recent study by Gladstone researchers reveals that specific stretches of DNA, called human accelerated regions (HARs), control the development of uniquely human characteristics. HARs were found to be crucial in human ancestors becoming distinct from our closest primate relatives.
A study found that playing video games like Super Mario 64 increases grey matter in the brain's spatial orientation, memory formation, and strategic planning centers. This plasticity may prove therapeutic for patients with mental health issues, such as schizophrenia or post-traumatic stress disorder.
A study published in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that spending time immersed as a virtual character in role-playing video games can numb people to realizing important body signals in real life. Participants who played immersive video games showed reduced sensitivity to pain and were more indifferent to others' displeasure.
As chimpanzees grow from infant to juvenile, they develop increased susceptibility to human yawn contagion. Researchers found that yawning but not nose-wiping was contagious for juvenile chimpanzees, while infants found neither contagious. The results suggest a general developmental pattern shared by humans and other animals.
Research finds that Haitian teens in rural areas have a strong sense of family obligation and attachment to their culture, which protects them from the effects of poverty. They also report having a positive parent-child relationship due to their cultural values.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a novel approach to find new antibiotics by targeting the processes that bacteria use to produce essential vitamins and amino acids. The study identifies chemical compounds that block these processes, potentially providing much-needed therapies to address antibiotic drug resistance.
The Singapore Centre for Nutritional Sciences, Metabolic Diseases, and Human Development (SiNMeD) will focus on fundamental, clinical, and translational research to understand the role of nutrition and early development in obesity and metabolic diseases. The center aims to improve knowledge of optimal nutrition and lifestyle in Asians.
Children who feel connected to their peers exhibit fewer behavioral problems, while girls are more likely to intervene when needed. Strong collective efficacy among youth promotes positive outcomes, similar to those seen in adult communities.
The NIH-funded program aims to expand and improve newborn healthcare through genomic sequencing. The four grantees will investigate the use of genome and exome sequencing to diagnose disorders and conditions at birth, as well as their clinical and ethical implications.
A new study from Case Western Reserve University reveals the SRY gene master switch is vulnerable to change, allowing for variability in male development. This could explain why human males develop near the edge of sexual ambiguity, making them more prone to dramatic changes in fetal development.
A $3 million NIH grant will fund a longitudinal study tracking preterm children's cognitive development from preschool to grade school. Healthy preterm babies are at high risk for lower academic achievement, especially in math.
A new study of 46,000 parents in 17 low- and middle-income countries found that children with disabilities are more likely to experience physical and severe physical discipline. This highlights the need for policies and interventions to protect children with disabilities from abuse and promote positive parenting practices.
The SIBS Program aims to cultivate healthy and supportive sibling relationships by teaching children how to share responsibilities and practice making decisions together. Results from a randomized trial demonstrate improved positive interactions, increased self-control, and enhanced social competence among participants.
This study examines how Parkinson's disease affects the health-related quality of life in northeastern Sicily, Italy. The researchers applied the ecological model to investigate the individual and social environmental factors impacting patient outcomes, including depression, cognitive impairment, coping strategies, and family size.