Articles tagged with Human Development
Scientists create 3D metamaterials that twist when compressed using computer simulations and laser microprinting. The material can respond in a chiral way, challenging classical solid mechanics, and could have applications in space missions, optics, and prosthetics.
A new study of chimpanzee brain scans reveals a unique human brain structure, with the left hemisphere longer than the right. This asymmetry may hold the key to understanding how humans developed language ability.
A new study by NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that afterschool programs with positive, responsive, and organized environments can have significant academic benefits for students. The study examined the role of afterschool classroom environment in terms of academic outcomes for youth with and wi...
A new study found that conservation spending from 1992 to 2003 reduced expected declines in global biodiversity by 29%. The $14.4 billion investment significantly impacted countries, with poorer nations experiencing greater gains.
A 60-year study found a strong link between depression and an increased risk of death, particularly among women, who experienced a 50% increase in mortality risk between 1992 and 2011. Depression was also associated with shorter lifespan and lower life expectancy in young adults.
Researchers analyzed data from over 90,000 women and found that adopting a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising moderately, and not smoking can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease after gestational diabetes. Women who failed to adopt a healthy lifestyle had a 43-percent-higher risk for cardiovascular disease.
A study found that pumas in developed areas are more active at night, expending 10-11% more energy daily. This increased activity affects their ability to hunt and feed their young, highlighting the importance of conservation strategies in human-dominated landscapes.
Researchers at SMU develop an assessment system to measure mathematical reasoning skills in grades K-2, helping teachers identify struggling students and provide targeted support. The Measures of Mathematical Reasoning Skills system has the potential to drive effort to intervene early and improve US students' math achievement.
A new study by NYU Steinhardt School finds that teachers report weaker relationships with children of immigrants and adolescents of color. Strong teacher-student relationships are crucial for academic success, particularly for marginalized groups.
A study on a Neanderthal child's fossil remains found that both species regulate their growth differently to adapt energy consumption. The child's brain growth was slower than expected, while its body grew at a similar rate to modern humans.
Researchers used genome editing to stop a key gene from producing a protein in human embryos, revealing its crucial role in correct blastocyst formation. The study could help improve IVF treatments and understand causes of pregnancy failure.
Researchers at the University of Illinois study relationship maintenance strategies, finding that threats and relationship enhancement are intertwined. Couples can use individual or interactive approaches to mitigate conflicts and foster growth in their relationships.
Researchers developed a methodology to analyze the interplay between social and technical aspects of energy systems. By integrating data from various variables, they found that occupancy and energy consumption were influenced by factors such as indoor temperature and perceived air quality.
A new study by NYU's Steinhardt School finds that the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill increased overall college enrollment among veterans by 3 percentage points, with a larger impact immediately after its adoption. However, this effect has waned in recent years.
Researchers found that self-efficacy positively affects physical activity in osteoarthritis patients, even controlling for pain and mood. Boosting confidence can increase daily steps and moderate-intensity activity.
NYU Steinhardt received nearly $9.5 million to fund research on education in New York City, including studies on universal pre-K, Career Technical Education, and postsecondary success for English learners with disabilities.
Researchers found that Japanese children's handwriting development involves distinct temporal patterns of movement, which differentiate subtle features of each symbol. This process is linked to an air writing phenomenon in Chinese character-based cultures, suggesting a unique approach to learning the hiragana script.
A study led by NYU's Steinhardt School found that believing the system is fair predicts lower self-esteem, risky behaviors, and decreased classroom attention in middle school students. This reversal occurs over time as youth become more aware of structural barriers and inequities.
A study by NYU's Steinhardt School found that bilingual children excel at perceiving information about who is talking, including recognizing voices. The research suggests that speaking multiple languages enhances social perception and processing abilities.
A University of Michigan study found exposure to chemicals like naled and chlorpyrifos during pregnancy associated with lower fine and gross motor skills scores. Infants exposed to these pesticides showed signs of motor delays, which may predict developmental problems later in childhood.
A National Institutes of Health study found that children born to women with gestational diabetes who consumed high amounts of refined grains during pregnancy were twice as likely to be obese at age 7. The study controlled for factors such as physical activity and vegetable consumption.
The visual cortex develops until late 30s or early 40s, contradicting previous expectations that it matures in first few years of life. This discovery extends the timeline by 4.5 years, challenging current understanding of brain function and sensory areas development.
Researchers found that marmosets' vocal calls developed rapidly when given contingent feedback, mirroring human infant language development. This discovery establishes causality between parental responses and vocal learning in nonhuman primates.
A recent NYU study reveals a significant gap in education and training for outdoor fall prevention among community-dwelling older adults. The research highlights the importance of wearing proper footwear, being aware of environmental hazards, and practicing safe walking strategies to prevent falls.
A new study by NYU's Steinhardt School found that teacher racial bias affects students' grades and academic expectations, particularly for Black students, who face a significant gap in perceptions of class difficulty compared to White peers.
A study by NIH researchers reveals that ZFP568 regulates insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) in fetal growth, suggesting its role in balancing fetal and placental growth. The finding has implications for understanding developmental disorders such as Russell Silver syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
Scientists have published groundbreaking scans of newborn babies' brains, enabling researchers to study brain development and wiring. The Developing Human Connectome Project will uncover how the brain develops during pregnancy and after birth, helping understand conditions like autism and pregnancy-related issues.
Dendritic cells are crucial for immunity against pathogens and foreign substances. Researchers found that these cells develop from specialized progenitors, not a common progenitor, providing insights into the regulation of human immune responses.
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified the key role of filaggrin in triggering eczema by creating a human model system that mimics the skin condition. This discovery provides new understanding of the mechanisms involved and suggests targets for future drug development.
A new study by NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that preschoolers comprehend stories equally well in print and digital formats. The research suggests that the content of a children's book, rather than its medium, plays a significant role in story comprehension.
A new national center at Penn State will focus on preventing and treating child maltreatment, a critical issue affecting 2 million US children annually. The Center for Healthy Children will translate research into solutions to enhance the child welfare system.
A new study found that low-income children have limited opportunities for complex language building at home and in schools, affecting their kindergarten year. The research suggests that neighborhoods play a crucial role in nurturing success or failure.
The Austen Riggs Center has received a major grant from the John Leopold Weil and Geraldine Rickard Weil Memorial Charitable Foundation to support its Human Development Initiative. The initiative aims to provide community-based preventive care for infant, child, and family mental health in Berkshire County.
Scientists at Lund University have developed a new understanding of how human blood cells form during embryonic development, showing that endothelial cells undergo dramatic changes to become blood cells. The research provides critical insights into the origins of blood and its regulation in development.
In a groundbreaking study, great apes showed they can distinguish between true and false beliefs in others, assisting individuals in obtaining an object by exploiting the person's false belief. This advanced social cognition ability is now confirmed for great apes, alongside humans.
Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine discovered that OTUD6B gene mutations cause a spectrum of physical and intellectual deficits. The study found 12 individuals carrying mutations in OTUD6B with similar clinical characteristics, including severe intellectual disability and cardiovascular problems.
Researchers identified 163 early mutations in human development from adult cell genomes, revealing the dominant and minor cells that lead to different body tissues. These 'archaeological traces' of embryonic development provide unprecedented insights into human development.
A recent study published in PNAS found that adult humans' subcortex can process numbers at the same level as infants and other lower-order species. The researchers used a stereoscope to present visual stimuli to one eye or both eyes and observed that numerical judgments were better when the quantities differed greatly.
The Special Issue highlights the exciting applications of organoid research in the medical field, including drug screening and modeling human diseases. Organoid technology also offers insight into developmental biology, enabling scientists to study human development in a developing embryo.
Two common tests for predicting preterm birth in first-time pregnancies failed to identify most cases, according to a large NIH study. The tests involved measuring cervical length and testing for fetal fibronectin, but neither method was found to be effective for widespread screening.
Researchers discovered that embryonic tissue, present in both male and female embryos, can contribute to an enlarged prostate if left unchecked after a certain age. This study could lead to new targeted treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which affects up to 90% of older men.
Research by Montana State University's Selena Ahmed aims to understand the effects of weather variability on maple syrup production. The study found that warmer temperatures lead to higher levels of phenolic compounds, resulting in darker syrups with lower demand and prices.
A Concordia study found that watching TV for more than two hours a day negatively impacts kindergarten readiness, particularly among children from lower-income families. The study suggests limiting screen time, especially in middle- to lower-income households, is crucial for early academic skills and executive functioning.
Researchers at University of Cambridge create structure resembling mouse embryo in culture using two types of stem cells and 3D scaffold. The artificial embryo's development follows the same pattern as naturally developing embryos, but it lacks key cells needed for further growth.
Most people would rather remain ignorant of upcoming events, even if they could make them happy, due to concerns about regret and suffering. People who decline knowledge of the future are more risk-averse and frequently purchase life insurance, suggesting they anticipate negative outcomes.
Zika virus exposure in utero may lead to a range of health issues, including abnormal reflexes, limb abnormalities, and brain defects such as microcephaly. A multidisciplinary approach is needed for Zika-affected children, involving both clinical treatment and research strategies.
A new study uses X-ray synchrotron radiation to analyze human minibrains, revealing the distribution of essential micronutrients such as phosphorus and zinc. The results show that these nutrients play a crucial role in brain formation and are related to memory deficits and psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
A new device, SEEKER™, has received FDA clearance to detect four types of lysosomal storage disorders from dried blood spots. This development was made possible with NIH funding and shows a faster screening process compared to conventional methods.
The World History Survey found correlations between historical beliefs and war willingness, with determinist views associated with higher aggression. Western countries tend to reject such views, while Asian nations and lower-developed countries accept them more. In contrast, developed countries with individualistic cultures oppose figh...
Researchers have turned to frog models to study the impact of early stressors on adult diseases, finding that a specific gene USH1g is highly expressed in response to stress. This study sheds light on the mechanisms behind fetal stress hormone effects on adult chronic diseases.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona identify a fundamental role of JAK/STAT signalling pathway in regulating limb development and growth. The study reveals three key functions of JAK/STAT in specifying wing formation and growth, with implications for understanding human congenital diseases.
A new study by University of East Anglia researchers found significant inequalities in Chinese household carbon footprints, with the rich producing nearly four times the national average. The study highlights the need for policies to address income inequality and promote sustainable lifestyles among all segments of society.
Scientists have discovered a new long RNA molecule, XACT, which accumulates with XIST on active X-chromosomes in human embryos. This finding explains why XIST is unable to trigger X-chromosome silencing until later stages of development. The research also reveals that XACT restrains XIST activity before chromosome silencing occurs.
Researchers at the Babraham Institute used CRISPR to delete PRC2 from human embryonic stem cells, revealing its role in keeping genes switched off until needed. Loss of PRC2 caused compromised cell quality and specialisation into mature cell types.
A study published in Developmental Psychology found that students who experienced occasional negative moods had the highest GPAs at graduation, while those with high levels of negative moods and low positive moods tended to have lower GPAs. This suggests that managing negative emotions and stress is crucial for academic success.
A new study from the University of Missouri suggests that co-parenting concerns differ by gender, impacting parents' ability to work together. The study found that fathers' parenting behaviors are most affected by financial and legal concerns, while mothers' co-parenting is influenced by concerns about their ex-spouse's mental instabil...
A study by Duke University and Max Planck Institute reveals that chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans can understand when others have mistaken beliefs, mirroring skills seen in human infants. The apes' ability suggests a key step towards fully understanding the thoughts of others.
A study on chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans shows they can anticipate when someone else has a false belief. The apes' ability to grasp the concept of false beliefs is seen as a key milestone in human cognitive development.
In emergency situations, people tend to behave either egotistically or prosocially, with some individuals being more cooperative than others. A study published in Nature Scientific Reports found that most participants helped others less in emergency situations due to time pressure, while prosocial individuals were more willing to help.
Interventions promoting nurturing care may cost as little as 50 cents per child per year, with potential benefits including improved developmental outcomes and adult health. Scaling-up support is critical to reaching millions of children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries.