Articles tagged with Human Development
Youth who experienced high levels of teasing about their weight gained an average of .20 kg per year more than those who did not. The authors theorize that weight-associated stigma may lead to unhealthy behaviors and stress-induced weight gain through cortisol release.
Researchers used zebrafish to study the effects of a genetic mutation linked to brain disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. The study found that the mutation caused clustering of cellular interactions, leading to disrupted normal development and brain health.
The UTSA researcher will work with 300 students over three years, assessing their oral language proficiencies and English reading outcomes. The project aims to inform instruction and assessment for bilingual/DLL students.
A new assessment tool, measuring a child's environment (EDN), can predict optimal development outcomes. The tool, tested in three countries, examines elements like breastfeeding, touch, and social support.
A 'Human Brain/Cloud Interface' could provide individuals with instantaneous access to all cumulative human knowledge, improving learning capacities and intelligence. The technology, predicted to be developed within decades, aims to connect neurons and synapses in the brain to vast cloud-computing networks.
Heavy alcohol use among adolescents and young adults slows brain growth by 0.25 milliliters per year for every gram of alcohol consumed. Researchers used magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain growth in 71 rhesus macaques and found a significant reduction in brain volume due to ethanol consumption.
A study comparing human and chimpanzee brain networks reveals that humans have a more modular network with stronger connections between language areas. The research suggests that evolutionary modifications to the brain's architecture may have contributed to human cognitive advancements.
Research found that adolescents who witness parental conflict experience lower self-efficacy, but success in school and peer support can compensate. Schools may be an untapped resource for helping teens develop self-efficacy, suggesting a broader developmental context beyond academics.
Researchers found that collaboration creates a sense of indebtedness, leading people to prioritize the needs of their partner over others. This effect can have problematic implications for ethics, as it may lead to preferential treatment for those who contribute to a cause.
A recent NIH-funded analysis of California hospital records found a significant increase in severe maternal morbidity among US women from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. The study revealed substantial disparities in life-threatening birth complications, with non-Hispanic black women facing the highest rates.
Researchers found that nicotine disrupts cell-to-cell communication, decreases cell survival and alters gene expression in human embryonic stem cells. This study offers new insights into the effects of nicotine on individual organs and cells within the developing fetus.
A new case study from New York University finds that face transplant surgery can significantly improve speech production in patients who have experienced severe facial trauma. The study used optical tracking technology to examine the effects of the procedure on facial movements and speech intelligibility, with remarkable results.
The project aims to build community capacity in data collection and analysis and foster community collaboration in support of youth and families. K-State JJC will work with stakeholders in 23 pre-selected Kansas counties to develop a comprehensive toolkit for local, sustainable systems that serve unique needs of youth.
A recent study found an ancient relative of humans, known as the Xujiayao juvenile, had dental development similar to that of people today. This suggests a slow life history like modern humans with prolonged childhood dependency.
Researchers analyzed a juvenile archaic Homo fossil from Northern China, finding most dental development traits fall within the modern human range. The study suggests that a slow life history similar to that of modern humans may have appeared prior to fully modern human morphology.
A new Human Life Indicator (HLI) has been proposed as a simpler alternative to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI), taking into account inequality-adjusted life expectancy at birth. This index produces significant changes in development rankings, with countries like Japan and Spain rising to the top.
A study found that parents spend more time talking to children about the mechanics of using their mobile devices than what they watch and download. Children are also exposed to multiple media sources at once, and older siblings play a bigger role in mediation for younger siblings.
A new study from the University of Michigan found that children can distinguish between willing and coerced apologies. Parents are advised to help their child learn empathy for the victim before forcing an apology. This approach ensures a sincere apology and maintains a positive relationship.
Researchers at Penn State are developing new standardized mobile technologies to gather high-precision data on mental and cognitive function in everyday life. This project aims to provide insights for developing prevention measures and improving quality of life for older adults.
Researchers discover that embryonic cells retain a memory of chemical signals they encounter during development. Exposure to WNT and Activin signaling is necessary for differentiation, and cells can remember previous exposure to these signals, even if the signal is absent at the time of treatment.
A new study published in Frontiers in Neurology found that robotic arm rehabilitation can promote speech and language function recovery in chronic stroke patients with aphasia. The research team observed small but consistent improvement on measures assessing speech articulation and overall language processing.
Researchers used human organ-on-a-chip technology to investigate the mechanism of disease development and found that probiotics can cause more harm than good when the gut barrier is compromised. The study confirms that intestinal barrier disruption is the onset initiator of gut inflammation, a key factor in many diseases.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have successfully grown human retinas in a dish, providing insights into how cells enable color vision. The study found that thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in determining the fate of these cells, with implications for understanding and potentially treating eye diseases.
A recent NIH-funded study calls into question common practice of delaying pushing during the second stage of labor. Women who pushed immediately had a shorter average duration of labor and lower rates of infection and bleeding compared to those who delayed pushing.
University of California, Irvine Neuroscientist Medha Pathak has been awarded a $1.5M grant to investigate how mechanical forces influence human brain development using human brain organoids. Her research aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying human neural development and demonstrate how disruption can lead to developmental failures.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have pinpointed the exact stage of development of the human retina when cells can grow out of control and form cancer-like masses. The finding could lead to future interventions in retinoblastoma, a tumor affecting children under five years of age.
A new collaboration grant will support development of next-generation screening technologies to identify bitter taste blockers. The goal is to advance human health by improving the taste and acceptability of nutritious plant-based foods.
Scientists have developed a method to create human lung organoids from embryonic stem cells, which can develop into mature alveolar type 1 and 2 cells. The study demonstrates the potential for these organoids to model human lung development, providing new insights into the disease.
UC San Diego researchers develop rapid and cost-effective method to create human cortical organoids directly from primary cells. The new protocol enables large-scale production of brain organoids, which can be used to better understand human brain function and develop treatments for neurological disorders.
The PLAY project aims to capture natural behavior of infants and mothers in their homes, providing a comprehensive dataset on infant development. The corpus will be shareable and searchable across domains, enabling researchers to address critical questions about behavioral cascades.
Gene therapy using optimized AAV to deliver human factor VIII showed substantial hFVIII expression and no detectable antibody response in cynomolgus macaques. The results suggest that AAVhu37-based gene therapy has the potential to advance to clinical trials for treating hemophilia A.
As adults age, muscle loss in the throat impairs efficient constriction during swallowing, leading to increased food retention. This study explains why 15% of seniors experience dysphagia, a condition that can cause malnutrition, dehydration, and pneumonia.
Researchers from NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development investigated the long-term effects of an early childhood program called the Chicago School Readiness Project. The study found positive correlations between the program and children's executive function and academic achievement during adolescence.
A new $2.2 million federal grant will fund research into genetic factors regulating ovarian reserve, which can impact fertility and reproductive lifespan. The study aims to identify gene variants contributing to ovarian reserve, offering new diagnosis and treatment avenues for fertility problems.
A study examines the relationship between alcohol and fertility in a hunter-gatherer society, finding low infant and juvenile mortality, slow growth, and high fertility at an early age. The Baka pygmy people of Cameroon exhibit a significant decrease in fertility since 2011, corresponding with the arrival of cheap alcohol.
The Sub-national Human Development Index (SHDI) provides a new tool for monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, highlighting regional disparities in poverty, education, and health. By analyzing data from 160 countries, the SHDI reveals uneven distribution of human development across regions within poor countries.
Researchers identify NOTCH2NL genes as key to human-specific cortex development and large brain evolution. These genes delay neuron differentiation, resulting in more neurons across development.
A new study replicating the famous marshmallow test finds that delaying gratification at a young age has a small and limited association with later cognitive and behavioral outcomes. The ability to resist temptation does predict adolescent math and reading skills, but not later behaviors or personality traits.
A study published by The Endocrine Society found that couples who eat more seafood tend to get pregnant faster. Seafood consumption was associated with a higher frequency of sexual activity and shorter time to pregnancy, suggesting other biological factors may be at play.
A University of Washington-led study reveals that children's language skills are the strongest predictor of their future academic success, including better performance in math, reading and social areas. The study found that language skills, such as vocabulary and grammar, can provide a foundation for social interaction, executive funct...
A new NYU Steinhardt School study reveals that providing free children's books in low-income neighborhoods combined with supportive adults enhances literacy skills and learning opportunities. The innovative book distribution program, funded by JetBlue, distributed over 64,000 books to more than 26,000 unique users.
A new study found that curiosity is a significant factor in determining academic achievement, with curious children performing similarly to their higher-income peers. This research has implications for families, educators, and policymakers looking to address the achievement gap.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have discovered how flavins work with oxygen to activate enzyme cofactors, shedding light on their role in metabolic processes and biotechnological applications.
Researchers found genetic adaptation for low UV exposure in North and East Asian populations, linked to increased sweat gland density and mammary ductal branching. The EDAR V370A variant may have selected for improved vitamin D biosynthesis through breast milk, enhancing offspring nutrition.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre found that the egg sends signals to surrounding cells to construct and multiply feeding tubes, a dynamic process essential for growth. This discovery highlights the egg's sophisticated communication skills and its active role in creating the microenvironment it needs to develop.
Dr. Helen Hobbs has made a groundbreaking discovery linking a gene mutation (PCSK9) to lower levels of LDL, or 'bad cholesterol', improving treatment of high cholesterol. Her research led to the development of an FDA-approved therapy within 10 years.
A third of recent high school graduates have ridden in a motor vehicle with a substance-impaired driver, according to a study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. The study found that 23% of young adults had ridden with marijuana-impaired drivers, while 20% had ridden with alcohol-impaired drivers.
A 3D tissue model of the developing heart has been created using human induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing for more accurate and reliable drug safety testing for pregnant women. This model mimics early stage human heart development, providing a valuable tool for assessing embryo toxicity and fetal development.
A recent study by University of Delaware professors found that while interventions for stigma-based bullying have increased, their implementation and evaluation need improvement. The researchers suggest increasing the capacity of school health professionals to address LGBTQ bullying and developing strategies to reduce stereotypes and p...
Research finds that mothers who continue to co-sleep with their babies past six months are more likely to feel depressed, criticized, and anxious about their baby's sleep. Despite the trend to discourage co-sleeping, experts emphasize the importance of finding a sleep arrangement that works for everyone in the family.
A study by Kobe University found that children aged 5-6 prefer distributing resources so everyone ends up with the same amount, rather than giving equal amounts regardless of initial amounts. This suggests that young children prioritize fairness and equality in resource distribution.
A team of researchers identified an algorithm called 'nearest-neighbor chaining' that describes how word senses accumulate over time. The study analyzed 1,000 years of English development and found that new word senses emerge through an efficient mechanism that expresses new ideas via a compact set of words.
Research suggests that children's attribution biases and emotional intensity are linked to the quality of their friendships. Children with hostile biases may engage in negative interactions, while those with benign biases may exhibit pro-social behavior when emotions are intense.
Recent studies have compared human and mouse kidney development, revealing deep conservation of certain processes but also significant differences in gene expression and cell structures. The findings provide new insights into the processes directing cells to form functional kidney structures and may help guide emerging stem cell techno...
The research developed mini-livers that can mimic fetal development and function, generating hepatocytes and bile ducts. This advancement may lead to improved treatments for congenital liver diseases.
A new supplement in Pediatrics synthesizes research on congenital Zika syndrome, exploring prevention, development profiles, and family support. It highlights the need for accurate information, active surveillance, and formal support services to address the ongoing health impact of Zika virus.
A new study by University of Minnesota researchers found that children who participated in an intensive early childhood education program from preschool to third grade were more likely to complete an associate's degree or higher and a bachelor's degree, with significant gains in educational attainment compared to those in other programs.
A recent study by National Centre for Biological Sciences reveals that high traffic roads and densely populated urban areas hinder tiger movement in Central India. Simulations show that protected corridors delimited by the NTCA can mitigate this impact, highlighting the need for informed development plans that consider biodiversity and...
A review of rodent studies found that paracetamol exposure during pregnancy can reduce the number of eggs in female offspring, potentially impairing future fertility. The findings have implications for pregnant women taking pain relief medication.
Scientists create 3D metamaterials that twist when compressed using computer simulations and laser microprinting. The material can respond in a chiral way, challenging classical solid mechanics, and could have applications in space missions, optics, and prosthetics.