A new study presented at ASCO 2019 shows that brigatinib is effective in patients who have received another next-generation ALK inhibitor. The 40-50 percent response rate suggests that brigatinib may be a useful treatment option for these patients. Detailed molecular analyses will help determine the characteristics of patients sensitiv...
A research study has identified a deadly human heart disease caused by the combination of three subtle genetic variants inherited within a family. The study uses CRISPR genome editing and human pluripotent stem cell technology to prove that the interaction between these genes leads to severe heart defects in multiple siblings.
A new study from McGill University and the University of Antwerp has developed a PET imaging platform that allows simultaneous scanning of multiple awake animals. This breakthrough enables unprecedented experimental designs and opens up new avenues for research into brain function, neurochemistry, and behavior.
Researchers at the University of Saskatchewan found that low-frequency magnetic stimulation improved cognitive and motor function in rodents with concussions. The therapy also protected the brain from future degeneration and restored normal sleep patterns.
A new study examining phone snooping found that 25 out of 46 participants reported their relationships survived the snooping, while 21 ended. The study highlights human factors in digital security and the importance of trusting those who access your phone.
A study of 7,700 adults in England found that those with poor eyesight reported more frequent discrimination, which was associated with lower emotional well-being. Individuals with both poor eyesight and perceived discrimination experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms, loneliness, and lower quality of life.
Researchers discovered that Rqc2 marks protein fragments with a flag, allowing proteases to cut up bad fragments. The study sheds light on the ancient mechanism used by bacteria to recycle incomplete proteins, which has implications for understanding life's origins and developing new treatments for diseases.
A review of the 2016 UEFA European Championship found an average of at least 1 potential concussive event per game, with nearly 75% of incidents not resulting in a medical assessment. The study's findings highlight the need for proper concussion protocols to be implemented in elite soccer.
A team of researchers has discovered unknown mini-proteins in the human heart, which were previously unknown. The proteins are used for energy production and could hold promise for treating heart disease.
Sophie Paczesny and her team aim to better understand the tumor microenvironment and identify new checkpoint molecules like ST2. They hope to develop targeted therapies using antibodies that can boost the immune system's ability to attack cancer cells.
Researchers identified a potential new therapeutic target for sepsis by uncovering a pathway involving Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that could suppress the inflammatory response. This discovery offers a promising approach to treating sepsis, which can lead to organ failure and death if not recognized early.
A new study reveals nearly 2 million square kilometers of global protected areas have been downgraded since 1892, with 90% of recent US events linked to industrial-scale development. The report warns that these changes could embolden other countries and threaten conservation efforts worldwide.
Researchers at Drexel University found that combining HPV vaccination with condom use reduces HPV cases among young gay men. Vaccination was effective in preventing oral infections, while condoms were more effective against anal transmissions.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a potential target for treating Chlamydia, a common STD that can cause severe outcomes if left untreated. The study found that small molecules produced by the gut microbiome can kill Chlamydia bacteria by forcing it to produce ammonia.
An analysis of 41 ancient African genomes suggests that the spread of herding and farming into eastern Africa occurred in phases, with multiple movements of - and gene flow among - ancestrally distinct groups. The study reveals varying cultural responses and blurred archaeological boundaries as groups adopted each other's practices.
Researchers analyzed 41 ancient sub-Saharan Africans, revealing a multi-stage model for the spread of food production into Kenya and Tanzania. The study found that Stone Age herders across East Africa had closely related genomes, despite cultural differences, and that genes for lactose digestion were rare in first East African herders.
Researchers found that CD8+ T cells retain protective functions despite sustained inhibitory receptor expression during Epstein-Barr virus infection. Blocking the PD-1 pathway leads to specific defects in controlling the virus and increases tumor formation.
Klemens Engelberg has been awarded a $65,000 grant by the Knights Templar Eye Foundation to research the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The funding will support his study of how the parasite divides and causes damage in human cells.
A study of 1,726 US adults found that dating app users are more likely to engage in unhealthy weight control behaviors such as vomiting, laxative use, or diet pill use. The authors warn that the image- and appearance-focused nature of dating apps could exacerbate these behaviors.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated the teleportation of a complete quantum logic operation using ions, a crucial step towards building large-scale quantum computers. The experiment involved transmitting data from one ion to another over a distance of over 340 micrometers without physical interaction.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center develop human liver organoids that accurately mimic key features of fatal liver diseases. The study reveals molecular secrets of deadly ailments and tests a potential therapy for Wolman disease, reversing an often-fatal childhood condition.
Researchers found that catastrophic genome rearrangements can occur as early as childhood and lead to lung cancer decades later. Gene fusions in non-smokers mostly occur early on, sometimes as early as childhood or adolescence, and are often dormant for several decades before progressing into cancer.
Researchers at Stellenbosch University studied how Mycobacterium tuberculosis develops resistance to bedaquiline, a new anti-TB drug. The study found that resistance can emerge despite adherence to the standard treatment regimen, highlighting the need for improved monitoring and diagnostic tools.
A new method called cardiac functional MRI eliminates the need for injections or physical stress testing, providing a safer and more detailed way to diagnose heart disease. The technique uses oxygenation-sensitive MRI to measure how well the heart's blood vessels are working to deliver oxygen.
Research found that wild boars, hunting dogs, and hunters in Brazil are carriers of Rickettsia bacteria, transmitted through ticks. The study highlights the importance of public action planning to prevent neglected vector-borne diseases in overlapping areas.
A new Lancet Series highlights persistent failures by governments and health institutions to address gender equality despite its impact on health. The series presents evidence-based recommendations to reduce gender inequality, reform workplaces, fill data gaps, empower civil society, and strengthen accountability.
A new study by UCI researchers found that body parts like the liver and skin have internal clocks that respond to light changes, regardless of the brain's central clock. This discovery has significant implications for understanding circadian rhythms, aging processes, and overall well-being.
Researchers discovered that bacteria employ Cas13 to counter viral attacks, employing a dormancy strategy to hinder virus replication. This approach offers superior protection against viral mutations and phage escape.
A study published in Environment International found that exposure to airborne metal pollution is associated with an increased risk of mortality. The research used moss samples to estimate human exposure to metal particles and found that participants exposed to higher concentrations of anthropogenic metals had a higher risk of death.
Researchers identified a genetic switch in breast cancer cells that boosts Keratin-80 production, making cells more rigid and prone to invade nearby tissues. The study suggests targeting this switch with a different drug could help reverse resistance and prevent cancer spread.
Researchers will conduct a randomized trial of autologous micro-fragmented adipose tissue injection to alleviate disabling shoulder pain in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. The study aims to explore regenerative approaches to reducing pain and disability among individuals with spinal cord injury.
Researchers discovered African mole-rats are insensitive to allyl isothiocyanate, the active ingredient of wasabi, due to unique nerve structure leak channels. This finding may lead to new pain relief methods without addiction risks.
Boosting type 1 interferon production has been shown to clear viral infections and increase immunity against cancer in an animal model. Glycolysis-derived lactate plays a critical role in limiting RLR signaling, which enables the activation of type 1 IFN production.
The Q-Plex Human Malaria Array measures multiple malaria antigens in a single sample, improving diagnosis sensitivity and supporting public health surveillance. This tool can help researchers develop more accurate RDTs and assess their performance.
Scientists have demonstrated that CO2 can outperform water as a fracking fluid, creating complex networks of fractures with significantly higher stimulated volumes. This technology has the potential to make fracking more efficient and reduce its environmental impact.
Researchers found that hand hygiene was effective in limiting transmission of ESBL K. pneumoniae, but additional measures like environmental decontamination were necessary to prevent spread of ESBL E. coli. Wearable sensors tracked human contact patterns over eight weeks, revealing the importance of close proximity interactions.
AAAS warns against outdated stereotypes in animal research, emphasizing the importance of using both sexes equally. The study finds that female animals do not inherently produce more variable data than males, and highlights the need for scientists to adopt a more inclusive approach.
Researchers develop a stem cell therapy that restores smell in mice by replacing damaged olfactory neurons. The treatment shows promise for treating various causes of olfactory loss and may lead to new treatments for humans.
Dr. Kelsi Singer has been awarded the 2019 Harold C. Urey Prize for her outstanding contributions to planetary research, particularly in impact cratering and the geology of icy worlds. Her work has revealed insights into the collisional history of the Kuiper Belt and planetesimal formation.
A new case study from NYU School of Medicine provides a roadmap for academic medical centers to bridge the gap between clinical practice and public health. The report outlines four core approaches to improving health and reducing health inequities, including engaging community partners, transforming healthcare operations, and shaping p...
Researchers found that a specific gene, Fads2, helps marine stickleback synthesize DHA, essential for development and health. The ability to utilize this nutrient determines where fish colonize freshwater habitats.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that eating 150g of blueberries daily reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by up to 15%. The research team from the University of East Anglia discovered that blueberries have a positive effect on metabolic syndrome, a condition affecting 1/3 of westernized ...
Researchers at Princeton University discovered a new mechanism linking the circadian clock and fat metabolism through the Nocturnin enzyme. The study found that Nocturnin regulates specific metabolites to produce energy and protect cells from damage, leading to improved metabolic health outcomes.
Researchers have discovered a connection between two signalling systems that help plants survive stress situations, enabling them to remember and adapt to dangerous conditions. This breakthrough may lead to new bioengineering technologies to overcome crop growth retardation and development anomalies in stress-resistant crops.
Research by Benjamin Meagher highlights the importance of ecological psychology in understanding how people shape their environments to support their personalities. By examining couples' homes and community designs, scientists can identify patterns that promote healthier behavior and positive experiences among occupants.
Researchers have engineered a new fluorescent protein that glows under UV and blue light, is thermally stable, and can emit light in the absence of oxygen. This breakthrough resolves previous limitations of fluorescence microscopy, enabling scientists to study living tissue more effectively.
A recent study found that older adults are using cannabis for various reasons, including pain management and depression. Despite the benefits, many report barriers to accessing medical marijuana, such as a lack of provider education and stigma. The study suggests that healthcare providers need to be more open to discussing cannabis use...
A study by Washington University School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System found a 17% increased risk of death among people taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for up to 10 years, with deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and upper gastrointestinal cancer.
A pioneering blood test developed by Johns Hopkins researchers, CancerSEEK, will be developed by Thrive.EarlyDetection Corp. to detect multiple cancer types at earlier stages. The technology has received Breakthrough Device designation from the FDA and has shown high specificity and sensitivity in detecting various cancers.
The latest Annual Report to the Nation on Cancer finds that overall cancer death rates continue to decline in the US. However, a special section reveals a different picture for adults ages 20-49, with higher incidence and mortality among women than men.
The new system uses a database of clinical information to pinpoint DNA changes that cause illness, predicting consequences and ruling out harmless variations. This improves diagnosis for disorders caused by multiple genes, such as severe intellectual disabilities in children.
Researchers identified a gene, SPI-1, that restricts the replication of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) in human cells. Reintroducing SPI-1 into MVA or host cells increased virus spread by over 100-fold, providing insight into host-range restriction mechanisms.
Researchers discovered that the highveld mole-rat is impervious to AITC due to altered ion channels, particularly the constitutively open channel NALCN. This change allows the highveld mole-rat to coexist with venomous ants.
A recent study published in The FASEB Journal found that some cancer cells switch to alternative molecular mechanisms to evade anti-cancer therapies. Researchers identified several existing and new drugs that specifically target these 'cancer cell escape routes'.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a more stable prosthetic leg that can handle rough terrain, reducing the risk of falls. The new design uses a tripod foot with adjustable pressure distribution to improve mobility and overall quality of life for individuals with lower limb amputations.
A team of scientists at Shinshu University used a newly customized tool to study hydrogel microspheres, observing structural differences that were previously unexplained. The study reveals that the method of production greatly affects the structure and behavior of thermoresponsive microgels.
Researchers discover parvifoline AA, a natural compound, stimulates NKG2D ligands on cancer cells, making them more recognizable and targetable by NK cells. This increases the effectiveness of NK cell-based tumor immunotherapy.
Fishing workers in England and Wales experience poor general health, with 2.8% reporting 'bad' or 'very bad' health and 10.3% limited by long-term illness. The industry is facing social, environmental, and political change, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A study from Joslin Diabetes Center found that removing senescent beta-cells can recover their function and improve glucose metabolism in mice with insulin resistance. The researchers hope to develop a potential treatment using senolytics, which target aging cells contributing to disease dysfunction.
Researchers developed a gel-based delivery system to improve tissue regeneration in kidney injuries. The study found that the system could significantly enhance cell proliferation and survival, leading to rapid functional recovery.
Researchers from Stand Up To Cancer will discuss their work on advancing immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors, genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentation profiling for early cancer detection, and personalized consolidation immunotherapy in localized non-small cell lung cancer. The findings highlight promising approaches to screening, ...
A reinforcement learning-trained AI agent achieves human-level performance in a popular 3D multiplayer game, developing high-level strategies independently. The agents outperform human opponents and form cooperative teams, even with slowed reaction times.
A new study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that growing up in poverty and experiencing traumatic events accelerates puberty, brain maturation, and mental health disorders. Poverty was associated with increased psychiatric symptoms and cognitive deficits, while trauma showed large effects on mood/anxiety and psychosis.
Researchers have developed a laser technique to permanently stress graphene into having a structure that allows the flow of electric current, opening up its use in next-generation electronics. The technique creates a tunable band gap, allowing scientists and manufacturers to control the material's properties.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory determined the nuclear charge radius difference between boron-10 and boron-11 isotopes. This discovery could aid in precise calculations of other nucleus structures, experimentally validated by laser spectroscopy.
Researchers from CNIO have found that high levels of URI protein protect mice from radiation-induced intestinal damage, while low or no detectable levels lead to gastrointestinal syndrome and death. The study opens up new avenues for treating and preventing gastrointestinal syndrome by inhibiting c-MYC.
A new clinical calculator, CTS5, can accurately identify patients at a significantly low risk of their breast cancer returning. This allows them to avoid unnecessary hormone therapy for five years, reducing side effects and psychological burden. The algorithm was tested on 2428 non-trial patients and confirmed its prognostic value.
Researchers found that a nonlethal dose of insecticide curtailed the lives of bees by up to 50% and altered the behavior of worker bees when combined with a fungicide, potentially jeopardizing colony survival. The study suggests that the impact of pesticides on bees could be worse than previously thought.
A new study found that African American men are more likely to visit a doctor's office or clinic for healthcare due to higher threat sensitivity and having insurance. In contrast, those with lower threat sensitivity and no usual place for healthcare were more likely to frequent the emergency room.
A new study found that over half a million corals were killed within 550 yards of the dredged channel, and that dredging impacts may have spread across more than 15 miles of Florida's reef tract. The researchers used satellite data to predict impacts on reefs below.
A new University of Illinois study shows that resistance to Fusarium head blight is holding strong in the state's wheat-growing region, with no signs of a highly toxic NA2 variant found. The study uses field pathogenomics to identify the types of FHB on wheat of different resistance levels.
A novel protocol combining intensive chemotherapy, radiation therapy and blood-pressure drug losartan has allowed complete removal of tumors in 61% of participants with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The treatment significantly improved survival rates and was found to activate immune system pathways.
A survey of 48 oncologists and healthcare providers found that most believe medical marijuana has benefits for cancer patients, but are uncomfortable prescribing it. The main concerns include uncertain dosing, limited knowledge of available products, and potential interactions with other medications.
Researchers paired a calorie-restricted ketogenic diet with a tumor-inhibiting antibiotic to destroy cancer stem cells and mesenchymal cells in glioblastoma, a fast-moving brain cancer. The combination killed tumor cells while reversing disease symptoms and improving mouse survival.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have designed an organic cathode material with sulfur for lithium batteries, achieving higher energy density, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. The new material overcomes challenges associated with sulfur batteries by stabilizing it through an organic backbone.
Researchers Mark Lawrence and Stefan Schäfer of the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS) warn that the Paris Climate Agreement's centralized approach to addressing global warming has failed. They argue that a more democratic engagement is necessary to reanimate global climate politics.
Youth who experienced high levels of teasing about their weight gained an average of .20 kg per year more than those who did not. The authors theorize that weight-associated stigma may lead to unhealthy behaviors and stress-induced weight gain through cortisol release.
A new study found that even short stays in polluted cities can cause significant breathing problems and coughing in healthy adults, which can take at least a week to recover from. The research team analyzed lung and heart health in travelers visiting highly polluted cities like India and China.
A recent study has confirmed a link between gut problems and autism, revealing that the same gene mutations in the brain can also affect the gut nervous system. The discovery suggests that gastrointestinal issues may stem from the same mutations responsible for brain and behavioral issues in autism.
A global view of lithium-ion battery failure is provided by an international team, offering a diagnostic method for particle utilization and fading. The study uses synchrotron X-ray methods to examine electrodes in batteries at unprecedented resolution, revealing the role of heterogeneity in battery behavior.
A newly discovered immune cell, the 'X cell', has been found to be a major driver of the autoimmune response believed to cause type 1 diabetes. The X cell can act as both a B cell and a T cell, amplifying the autoimmune response.
A recent study found that the use of advanced imaging equipment like cardiac MRI is driving a significant increase in the diagnosis of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction (LVNC) in adults, raising questions about its clinical utility and potential for over-diagnosis.
A transgenic fungus engineered to deliver a toxin to mosquitoes safely reduced mosquito populations by over 99% in a simulated village setting. The fungus is selective and won't harm beneficial species like honeybees, making it a promising new approach to controlling malaria.
A new statistical framework has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of mosquito control programs across various time and space scales. The model, applied to a citywide intervention in Iquitos, Peru, found that insecticide spraying reduced Ae. aegypti populations by an average of 67%.
A collaborative study analyzing ancient DNA from human skeletons in Kenya, Tanzania, and Zambia provides new insights on early human interaction. The research reveals that the spread of herding into East Africa involved groups with ancestry derived from northeast Africa, who mixed with local foragers between 4500-3500 years ago.
A study found that pancreatic cancer cells can behave differently based on their surroundings, with some responding better to chemotherapy and radiation. The stroma of tumors consists of connective tissue cells that contribute to tumor growth and spread.
Researchers discovered a molecule involved in immune cell migration that plays a critical role in establishing immune responses. The COMMD3/8 complex promotes signal transduction of chemokine receptors to facilitate immune cell migration, which is essential for efficient immune responses and proper functioning of the immune system.
A recent study of 563 sexual assault cases in Massachusetts found striking similarities in the types of injuries and violence experienced by adult and adolescent victims. Teenage victims were more likely to experience violence, force, and choking, with significant increases in use of force as age increased.
Researchers from the Thomä group at FMI have identified a new mechanism by which UV-DDB detects and binds to damaged DNA tightly packed in nucleosomes. This mechanism, known as 'slide-assisted site-exposure', allows repair proteins to bind to lesions without requiring additional proteins or chemical energy.
Research reveals two distinct brain regions involved in recognizing raw and processed foods, highlighting the importance of semantic memory in identifying key characteristics. The study's findings have significant clinical implications, particularly for understanding eating disorders related to neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have made an important advance in understanding the role of gut bacteria in human health, including diagnostic methods and therapies. The study found that patients with certain diseases had a smaller number of protein families in their microbiome compared to healthy individuals.
The article discusses NICER's nighttime X-ray sweeps of the entire sky, tracing magnetic fields and energetic particles. These observations provide insights into neutron star properties and the formation of pulsars, shedding light on the mysteries of matter in their cores.
Research from Loma Linda University suggests that unsupportive parenting styles may have negative health implications for children, including shorter telomeres and increased disease risk. The study found that cold parenting was associated with smaller telomeres, which can accelerate cellular aging.
A study using mouse models reveals that gut bacteria directly contribute to autism-like behaviors, affecting gene expression and metabolite production. Researchers hope this discovery may lead to new treatments targeting the gut, rather than the brain.
The James Webb Space Telescope successfully completed its final thermal vacuum test, with the spacecraft element exposed to extreme temperatures and conditions. The test paves the way for the integration of the telescope and spacecraft elements, a crucial step towards launch.
A virtual clinical trial using real-world data found entrectinib to be more effective than crizotinib in treating ROS1+ lung cancer. Patients on entrectinib stayed on treatment longer and had a 44% increased chance of cancer recurrence compared to those on crizotinib.
A team of researchers identified 5 super luminous supernovae and about 400 Type Ia supernovae using the Subaru Telescope's Hyper Suprime-Cam. The discovery includes 58 Type Ia supernovae 8 billion light years away, revealing new insights into the expansion of the Universe.
Researchers propose lab-grown insect meat as a solution to environmental concerns, combining benefits of insect farming, GM livestock and plant-based meat substitutes. The technology requires fewer resources and less energy-intensive control, with potential for mass food production and scalable cost-effectiveness.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that 90% of participants believed learning styles predict success, despite lack of scientific evidence. Researchers argue that this myth can lead to ineffective teaching methods and wasted resources.
Researchers have found a safer way to treat T-ALL, a type of leukemia mainly affecting children. The breakthrough involves targeting specific versions of the gamma-secretase complex, which stops cancer growth without causing toxicity.
Cancer patients with HIV and viral hepatitis can also reap benefits of immunotherapy, study suggests. These patients respond as well to immune checkpoint inhibitors as those tested in clinical trials.
A survey of community oncologists found significant knowledge gaps in using genetic testing to decide cancer treatment. Researchers urge immediate education on molecular profiling to direct targeted therapies.