Research by George Mason University found that nurse care coordinators and individual care plans are crucial for improving healthcare quality and delivery in PCMH programs. Providers also emphasized the importance of trust and communication between providers and payers.
A new study published in the Journal of Urology found that transperineal prostate biopsies (TPBx) under local anesthetic are the safest method for testing and diagnosing prostate cancer, with fewer complications and improved patient tolerability.
Cyanobacteria utilize a new photosensor regulating yellow-green light-harvesting antenna protein for photosynthesis. The discovery was made by researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology and found that the photosensor emerged about 2.1 billion years ago through genetic exchange between cyanobacteria.
Anne Villeneuve, PhD, receives the 2019 Genetics Society of America Medal for her groundbreaking research on meiosis and chromosome inheritance. Her work has significantly impacted our understanding of major aspects of the meiotic program.
Serotonin enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular respiration, and ATP production, reducing reactive oxygen species and stress damage in neurons. The study identifies serotonin as a potential therapeutic target for treating mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons, with implications for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
Researchers developed flying robots inspired by hummingbirds, trained with machine learning algorithms to mimic natural bird behavior. The robots can fly silently, maneuver through cluttered spaces, and even teach themselves new skills without human intervention.
Researchers found that Uralic-speaking people in Northern Europe inherited genetic material from ancient Siberians, arriving by the start of the Iron Age. The study reveals a mix of genetic, archaeological, and linguistic data supporting this theory.
A computational tool assigns a bladder cancer subtype to an individual patient using genomic data, enabling personalized treatment selection. The study found that patients with the aggressive 'neuronal' subtype responded well to atezolizumab treatment, achieving high survival probabilities.
Researchers discovered a previously undescribed visual system in deep-sea fish, which uses multiple rod opsin photopigments to detect bioluminescence and potentially recognize predators or prey. This finding expands our understanding of how these organisms adapt to the dark environment of the deep sea.
A prospective study of 18,481 pregnant women found obesity in early pregnancy associated with spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, and large birth weight. Being underweight during pregnancy was linked to early neonatal deaths and low birth weight.
The NIH has awarded four Cooperative Research Centers to develop vaccines against syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. The centers will focus on identifying vaccine candidates that could lead to safe and effective treatments for these diseases.
A UCL-led study found that 25.6% of regular meditators reported experiencing particularly unpleasant meditation-related experiences, including fear and distorted emotions. These experiences were more common among those who practiced deconstructive types of meditation and had higher levels of repetitive negative thinking.
Researchers at King's College London developed a new technique using ion chromatography and mass spectrometry to detect and trace homemade explosives. This approach enables the detection of thousands of compounds simultaneously, providing valuable information for criminal investigations.
A study published at the ARRS 2019 Annual Meeting found that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an effective locoregional treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a low local progression rate. The results also corrected standard response assessment interpretations, suggesting that persistent arterial phase e...
Scientists have created a method to protect graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from environmental poisoning, preserving their extraordinary properties. The technique uses a protective layer to allow carbon diffusion, enabling controlled growth of these materials.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology developed a new HIV vaccine delivery strategy that enhances the protective immune response by slowly releasing vaccine doses. This approach, called escalating dose strategy, leads to stronger and more neutralizing antibodies against the virus.
A study presents the results of clinical and nonclinical Metal Artifact Reduction Sequence (MARS) MRI protocols at 3 Tesla on different hip arthroplasty implants. The findings show that only a minimal risk of thermal injury occurs with these protocols, especially when considering perfusion effects.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that feeding mosquitoes sugar reduces their attraction to human skin, and regulates this behavior through the vitellogenin gene. This protein influences reproduction and foraging in insects, and its manipulation could reduce mosquito bites and disease transmission.
Researchers at IST Austria discovered that combined pulling and pushing forces within the embryo facilitate the segregation of cytoplasm from the yolk granules. Actin flows towards the animal pole drag along cytoplasm, while comet-like actin structures push yolk granules towards the vegetal pole.
A recent study by Imperial College London found that birds living near the edge of their range are more sensitive to deforestation than those closer to their core habitat. The research analyzed 378 bird species across 211 sites in Brazil's Atlantic Forest, revealing dramatic differences in sensitivity to habitat loss.
A new analysis predicts top 25 US counties at risk for measles outbreaks in 2019, considering non-medical exemptions, international air travel, and population data. The study identifies regions with low vaccination rates and high passenger inflow from affected countries as areas of high risk.
Researchers have documented the oldest known living trees in eastern North America and the longest-lived wetland species in the world. The ancient bald cypress trees are estimated to be around 2,624 years old and were discovered in a forested wetland preserve along the Black River in North Carolina.
New research identifies three persistent gravitational wave observables that provide insight into the intrinsic properties of gravitational waves. These observables could someday help extract information from the Cosmic Microwave Background, offering a new window on the universe.
A recent study found significant associations between genetic markers, body mass index, and symptom variation in collegiate football players with sickle cell trait. Higher levels of fetal hemoglobin are linked to better outcomes, particularly for those with higher body weight.
Researchers at Cornell University and the University of California Berkeley have made a groundbreaking discovery in polar skyrmions, opening up new possibilities for novel devices. The team found that skyrmions can exhibit chirality in an electric material, which could be used to develop new data storage technologies.
A team of experts has reviewed literature on various methods used to characterize lithium-ion battery performance, providing guidance on the most appropriate test method for a given situation. The study aims to improve comparability of battery innovations tailored to different applications.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown triterpene biosynthetic network in plant roots that shapes specific root microbiota. This network produces compounds with growth-promoting and antibiotic activities towards different microbiome taxa, supporting its role in cultivating favorable root communities.
Scientists at Indiana University found that bacteria can evolve new genes from phages, a discovery that could help advance research on bacterial resistance. The study shows bacteria's ability to transform an implement of war into a tool to create life.
Research from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study found that positive mother-child interactions during early life predicted higher education, less decline in episodic memory, and greater marital satisfaction. These findings suggest a long-lasting impact of early life relationships on later cognitive development.
Researchers discovered that deep-sea fish can see color in the dark by examining the genomes of 101 species. This ability may have evolved as a survival weapon to quickly detect predators or prey in low-light conditions.
The FRAX tool accurately determines fracture risk for women with breast cancer treated with aromatase inhibitors when combined with bone mineral density measurements. However, using the tool alone without bone mineral density can lead to overestimation of fracture risk.
A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol has been developed to identify premature babies with chronic lung disease, allowing for earlier diagnosis and personalized treatment. The study, published in Thorax, reveals increased T2 and decreased T1 relaxation times in MRI data, indicating the presence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
A new study by Aalto University finds EU policies define entrepreneurship in three distinct ways: economic beneficiaries, pro-social contributors, and opportunistic operators. This ambiguity may hinder businesses and governments from tackling global sustainability issues.
Researchers found that children with an immigrant father were two times more likely to be diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than those with two Finnish parents. The study highlights the importance of schools and clinicians becoming aware of intergenerational trauma transmission.
A University at Buffalo study found that cyberbullying is linked to poor sleep quality, which can exacerbate depression in teens. Nearly 15% of high school students report being bullied online.
The partnership aims to develop two new anti-TB drugs that can treat all forms of TB in less than two months, addressing the growing threat of drug-resistant TB. The project is supported by a $28.4 million grant and brings together key expertise on three major drug targets.
A new model demonstrates how a network of neurons can act as a 'neuronal metronome' by accurately estimating time intervals between beats within tens of millisecond accuracy. This framework relies on rhythmic brain activity patterns known as gamma oscillations to keep track of time.
A recent study by George Washington University researchers found a connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and cortical under-connectivity and cognitive impairment in DiGeorge/22q11 Deletion Syndrome. Restoration of mitochondrial function through antioxidant therapy restored connectivity and behavioral deficits.
Researchers discovered that whales and elephants have evolved to beat cancer through unique genetic mechanisms. By studying the genomes of humpback whales and other cetaceans, scientists found evidence of faster-evolving parts of the genome that help these animals adapt to their environment.
Physicists have confirmed the existence of 'fire streaks' in proton-proton collisions, a phenomenon initially proposed as a theoretical structure. The analysis suggests that the matter arising from these collisions behaves similarly to the fire streaks of quark-gluon plasma.
Researchers discovered a parasitic yeast species that can kill emerging multi-drug resistant yeast pathogen Candida auris. The study identified genes and proteins involved in the predatory behavior of Saccharomycopsis schoenii, which could lead to new biocontrol agents or novel antifungal agents.
Researchers studied bushmeat markets in Lao PDR to understand the risks of disease transmission. High contact rates between consumers and bushmeat were found, highlighting the need for integrative approaches to conservation, public health, and rural development.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet developed a stem cell-based model to study neuron resilience in ALS. The model identified genes contributing to the resilience of oculomotor neurons, which can withstand the disease.
Researchers found a clear association between appendix removal and development of Parkinson's disease, with patients being over three times more likely to develop the condition. The study analyzed over 62 million patient records and found similar risk levels across all age groups.
Researchers found positive correlations between biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration in ten of twelve landscapes, indicating a shared benefit. The study suggests that increasing biodiversity can also increase carbon storage, highlighting the interconnectedness of these two goals.
Washington State University researchers have developed an environmentally friendly material that surpasses Styrofoam in insulation capabilities. The plant-based material is made from cellulose nanocrystals and has a uniform cellular structure, making it a good insulator.
A new RAND Corporation study reveals that private health plans pay hospitals an average of 241% of what Medicare would pay, with significant variations in prices among states. The analysis suggests that employers can redesign their health plans to better align hospital prices with care value.
A large Chinese study found that type 2 diabetes is associated with an elevated risk of 11 types of cancer in men and 13 types of cancer in women. The study, which examined data from over 410,000 adults, revealed significant increases in cancer risk for both men and women with diabetes.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have made a groundbreaking discovery about how neurons function normally. By artificially augmenting the electrical signals of isolated neurons, they found that the cells can adjust to changes in their environment without significant harm. This finding could lead to new treatments for spinal co...
A joint report from AMP and CAP provides evidence-based recommendations for designing and validating clinical CYP2C9 assays, promoting standardization and improving patient care. The report defines a minimum set of alleles and their variants that should be included in all clinical CYP2C9 genotyping tests.
Researchers have identified the main mechanism of photovoltage losses in copper oxide photocathodes as binding to defect states within the band gap, not at interfaces with a catalyst layer. This discovery is crucial for optimizing solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency.
Scientists discovered two instances of flightless rail species colonizing Aldabra island, evolving independently after tens of thousands of years. The study provides the first evidence of iterative evolution in rails, revealing how a single species from Madagascar gave rise to two distinct species on the island.
Researchers have found traces of Roman-era pollution in the ice of Mont Blanc, revealing significant atmospheric pollution from heavy metals. The study provides a record of atmospheric conditions in ancient Rome and sheds light on the impact of ancient emissions on the present-day environment in Europe.
Researchers developed a novel machine-learning approach to discover an additional mechanism by which some antibiotics kill bacteria. This secondary mechanism involves activating the bacterial metabolism of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication, leading to increased energy demands and toxic byproducts that contribute to cell death.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified the enzyme responsible for methane-methanol conversion, which catalyzes the reaction at a single copper ion site. This discovery could lead to the development of new, human-made catalysts that convert methane to methanol with high efficiency.
A Boston University School of Medicine study found that wearing tight-fitting jeans or pants four or more times a week doubles the risk of vulvodynia, while removing hair from the mons pubis nearly triples it. The condition affects an estimated 16% of women over their lifetimes.
A study by the University of Granada found that white people have difficulty identifying genuine smiles on black faces, whereas they can accurately detect such differences among other whites. This bias is linked to racial stereotypes and a lack of eye contact with individuals from different groups.
A recent study published in The American Journal on Addictions found a significant link between childhood maltreatment and e-cigarette use during young adulthood. Childhood maltreatment was also associated with negative urgency, leading to impulsive behavior when distressed, which contributes to increased e-cigarette use.
Researchers at Penn State have found that gravitational forces within protoplanetary disks can cause super-Earths to migrate closer to their host star. This simulation shows that chaotic interactions among planets and the gas disk can lead to synchronized orbits, resulting in super-Earths being pushed towards the star.
A new model maps a country's progress towards measles elimination onto a 'canonical path,' which helps tailor vaccination efforts. The path reflects birth rate and vaccination coverage, guiding countries to adapt their control efforts as they progress towards elimination.