Articles tagged with Gene Expression
Researchers at Kyoto University identified DHX29 as a central regulator of codon-dependent gene expression. They found that DHX29 preferentially interacts with ribosomes decoding non-optimal codons and recruits a protein complex to selectively repress mRNAs enriched in these codons.
In a breakthrough study, researchers successfully integrated neuronal precursor cells into biobots, resulting in the formation of functional nervous systems. This development has significant implications for neuroscience, bioengineering, and regenerative medicine, enabling the investigation of fundamental questions about the origin of ...
Researchers investigated temperature-dependent sex determination in leopard geckos, finding that temperature influences sex development during a specific window of embryonic development. Early genetic changes, including the activation of male and female developmental pathways, occur before physical differences become apparent.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital developed BOUQUET to analyze 3D-enhancer architecture in machine learning-based graph theory framework, identifying protein condensates and predicting gene expression. The findings provide new insight into how cells regulate genes controlling specialized identities.
Salk Institute researchers identified Med14, a protein connected to GLP-1 drug effects on pancreatic beta cells, leading to improved viability, insulin production, and stress resistance. The study suggests a potential molecular link between GLP-1 drugs and broader benefits, including type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes.
Researchers created a cell-free system to study transcription drivers and revealed fundamental features of the transcription cycle in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The method enabled precise design of therapeutics targeting key processes, which could help combat this pathogen.
Dr. Gregory Reeves' team has developed a method to measure the amount of Dorsal protein in the nucleus, revealing its interaction with DNA and providing a predictive model for therapeutic purposes. The study aims to control cellular processes and prevent diseases like cancer.
A gene therapy platform successfully mapped the living brain noninvasively, using engineered proteins to track gene expression in different brain regions. This technology has the potential to reveal critical information about cellular activity and neurological disease progression.
Researchers identify nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) as a central mediator of neuronal migration and cortical lamination. The study reveals that UPF2, a core component of NMD machinery, is essential for proper neuron migration and brain development.
A team of scientists at the Indian Institute of Science discovered that disrupting a single gene alters serotonin signaling, leading to swarming behavior in worms. The study suggests that neuromodulatory control of social behavior might be evolutionarily conserved across species.
The development of spatial transcriptomics has advanced gene expression understanding, but selecting suitable analytical approaches is challenging. A database curated SpatialToolDB addresses this by classifying over 600 ST analytical tools and providing access to processed datasets.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a neutral molecule that can carry DNA into biological cells using a process called annealing. This breakthrough promises more effective therapies by reducing inflammation and improving delivery efficiency.
The study identified glutamate-dopamine co-transmitting neurons as critical for regulating reward behavior, with disruptions in VTA communication leading to impaired nicotine response. This research provides a new perspective on the neural underpinnings of addiction and psychiatric disorders.
University of California San Diego scientists have solved how the circadian clocks within microscopic bacteria precisely control gene expression during the 24-hour cycle. The researchers identified six proteins needed to rebuild this clock, generating a simplified cyanobacterial system with a clock that only needs.
Professor Kazuya Yamagata received the 2025 Erwin von Bâlz Prize Second Prize for his groundbreaking research on pancreatic Ò-cell transcription factors and their role in monogenic diabetes. His work significantly deepens our understanding of β-cell function and diabetes pathophysiology.
Researchers at the Netherlands Cancer Institute developed a deep learning model PARM that predicts gene regulation with unprecedented accuracy. The model enables the prediction of functional impact of regulatory mutations in specific cell types, opening new paths for cancer diagnostics and patient stratification.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals a novel non-coding RNA molecule, CUL1-IPA, that regulates key cellular functions and supports the structural integrity of the nucleolus. The discovery suggests this molecule may influence patient survival in certain blood cancers.
Researchers discovered a crucial role of alternative RNA splicing in schizophrenia by identifying genetic variants affecting splicing and protein isoforms. The study highlights the significance of unannotated isoforms in disease pathogenesis and suggests potential avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies.
The German Research Foundation (DFG) has funded a three-year project to investigate epigenetic memory in nerve cells. The goal is to understand how gene expressions are preserved via epigenetic regulation, which plays a key role in learning ability, memory function, and healthy brain development.
The study reveals that low levels of CTDNEP1 drive early and deadly pancreatic tumors, highlighting its role as a tumor suppressor. Tumors with low CTDNEP1 expression showed stronger metabolic activity and immune evasion.
Researchers have created a comprehensive map of the DNA sequences that control gene expression in human cells, identifying 2.37 million potential regulatory elements. This registry reveals previously unrecognized classes of elements and illuminates how noncoding genetic variation contributes to cell type-specific traits.
Research reveals molecular interaction between environmental and genetic risk factors triggers MS. EBV and gene variants HLA-DR15 haplotype play key roles in disease onset.
Researchers from The University of Osaka discovered that loss of heterochromatin can trigger genetic changes leading to chromosomal rearrangements and diseases like cancer. Accumulation of R-loops at pericentromeric repeats was found to be a key mechanism in this process.
Researchers discovered how the Lsr2 protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) protects against foreign DNA inserted into its genome. This mechanism involves the protein forming condensates that silence specific regions of Mtb DNA, preventing harm to the bacteria.
The study created a critical framework for understanding the architecture of the genome and its association with gene function in cells. The 4DN Consortium integrated data from over a dozen techniques to compile an extensive catalogue of looping interactions between genes and regulatory elements.
Researchers discovered that high levels of protein BATF2 drive tumor immune suppression in head and neck cancer. Glutamine in the tumor microenvironment silences BATF2, affecting the STING signaling pathway and overall immune response.
Researchers identified common aging-related alterations in genes involved in RNA splicing and processing across eight human tissues. These findings suggest a shared biological response to aging, pointing to the importance of RNA processing in accurate protein production.
Researchers create a novel mathematical framework to control biological noise, enabling precise single-cell control. The 'Noise Robust Perfect Adaptation' technology suppresses stochastic fluctuations while maintaining stable average behavior, with promising applications in cancer therapy and synthetic biology.
A deep learning framework called PRTS accurately predicts single-cell-resolution spatial transcriptomics from H&E-stained histology images. The model identifies 21 cell subtypes in mouse brain and maintains prediction accuracy in human breast and lung cancer tissues.
New research reveals that DNA's physical property of supercoiling is crucial for cells to respond to oestrogens. The study found that enzymes called topoisomerases regulate DNA coiling and activate target genes.
Researchers found that two proteins in the CCR4-NOT complex have opposing roles in controlling genetic messages, with one destabilizing and the other steadying mRNA. This balance is critical to gene regulation and understanding cellular differentiation, adaptation to environmental stimuli, and disease mechanisms.
Researchers have discovered a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in controlling cholesterol production and the development of heart disease. The molecule, tsRNA-Glu-CTC, was found to boost SREBP2 activity, leading to higher cholesterol levels and increased risk of atherosclerosis.
Researchers discovered the biosynthetic pathway of glycitein, a key soybean isoflavonoid, and its role in plant immunity. They found that GmIF6H1 enzyme catalyzes the production of glycitein, which acts synergistically with glyceollins to defend soybeans against infection by Phytophthora sojae.
A new study found that rising temperatures are driving changes in polar bear DNA, which may help them adapt to increasingly challenging environments. The researchers discovered that genes related to heat-stress, aging, and metabolism are behaving differently in polar bears living in southeastern Greenland.
A new method developed by Penn State researchers improves the analysis of genetic data, identifying more genes associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS. The technique, BASIC, integrates both bulk tissue samples and single-cell data to uncover shared genetic effects across different cell types.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding the binding between KLF1 protein and DNA in human cells, which controls gene expression and has significant implications for diseases such as cancer. The study uses new experimental methods to measure binding to many DNA sequences simultaneously in both test tubes and human cells.
A study by University of California, Riverside scientists found that alternative RNA processing, or
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that inflexible DNA within nucleosomes regulates the positioning of INO80, a chromatin remodeling complex. This unique mechanism allows INO80 to position itself on the surface of nucleosomes at the right location.
The coralME tool creates detailed genome-scale models of metabolism, gene and protein expression from large amounts of data. The models uncover how microbes respond to certain nutrients and predict what nutrients favor the formation of undesired products.
A mouse study by University of California, Riverside scientists suggests microplastic exposure may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in males. The study found microplastics dramatically worsened plaque buildup in male mice, but not females.
Rockefeller researchers found a molecular switch in breast cancer cells that reprograms gene expression towards tumor growth and stress resistance. This switch is mediated by the MED1 subunit of RNA polymerase II and can be activated under stressful conditions, leading to faster-growing and more stress-resistant tumors.
A study by The Hospital for Sick Children reveals a previously overlooked layer of genetic variation in short tandem repeats (STRs) that can influence gene regulation and shape disease risk. This discovery may inform future research and precision therapeutic development in support of Precision Child Health.
A study led by SickKids scientists discovered a previously overlooked layer of genetic variation that could help explain individual differences in disease risk and treatment response. The researchers found that subtle changes in short tandem repeats can impact gene function, revealing new insights into neurodevelopmental conditions.
Researchers developed a novel mouse model to visualize RNA Polymerase II during elongation, shedding light on gene expression dynamics. The study revealed dynamic patterns of gene transcription activity in various tissues and developmental states, with implications for understanding development, differentiation, and disease mechanisms.
A study published in Chinese Medical Journal identified tumor-promoting keratinocytes linked to HPV infection and poor prognosis. These cells were found to interact with immune cells, promoting tumor proliferation and differentiation.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have developed a powerful new gene-switch tool called Cyclone, which allows scientists to turn on or off target genes with precision. The tool uses a non-toxic molecule acyclovir to suppress gene activity, and has the potential to be adopted throughout biomedical research and gene therapies.
The Aedes aegypti Mosquito Cell Atlas provides comprehensive cellular-level resolution of gene expression in every tissue, from antennae to legs. This atlas has yielded new insights into the genetic secrets of Aedes aegypti, including novel cell types and subtle differences between male and female mosquitoes.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences identify a key gene and protein involved in controlling DNA looping, leading to increased grain yield and nitrogen efficiency. The discovery paves the way for future crop breeding strategies to improve sustainability.
Researchers used CRISPR technology to identify HMGN1, a nuclear binding protein that contributes to trisomy 21-related CHDs. The study found that an overabundance of HMGN1 leads to abnormal heart development and gene expression.
Boston University researcher Brian Cleary has been awarded a five-year, $2.25 million NIH grant to investigate how gene expression changes over time in single cells. His project aims to develop new computational-experimental approaches to track RNA velocity vector fields and deepen understanding of cell physiology.
A new human lung alveolus chip model enables investigation of viral replication, inflammatory responses, and genetic off-target effects of a novel pan-influenza CRISPR therapy. The study achieved significant reductions in virus load and host inflammatory response after a single administration.
Long-term exposure to fine air pollutants like PM2.5 can impair metabolic health by disrupting the normal function of brown fat through complex epigenetic changes. The study identified two enzymes, HDAC9 and KDM2B, as key drivers of this process.
Researchers at Stanford University tracked the evolution of fruit fly populations in response to pesticide exposure, finding that resistance alleles persist through a mechanism known as 'dominance reversal.' This process allows alleles to function as either dominant or recessive depending on environmental conditions, maintaining geneti...
UCSF researchers develop a new strategy to prime CAR T cell therapy by combining it with diabetes drugs, increasing the efficacy of NECTIN4-CAR T cells in treating urothelial carcinoma. The study shows that using thiazolidinediones enhances NECTIN4 expression, making tumor cells more susceptible to the treatment.
Researchers have developed a method to discover how DNA controls genes, revealing the genetic 'switches' that regulate important genes. The TESLA-seq technique identifies regulatory regions more quickly and accurately than existing methods, linking them to over 70 genes in a specific region.
Researchers identified genes associated with breastfeeding disorders and postpartum breast cancer in the mammary gland, revealing potential new targets for investigation. The study provides a detailed atlas of genetic expression for the adult developmental cycle of the mammary gland.
A new method called spVelo calculates RNA velocity to understand how cells become specialized. By incorporating spatial information and processing multiple batches at once, the method overcomes previous challenges.
Bentz will investigate how maternal hormones shape behavior across generations in House sparrows, with implications for understanding animal adaptation. The research aims to identify gene networks that respond to early testosterone exposure and track changes from development through adulthood.
Researchers mapped the surface envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retroviruses, opening doors to new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. The study revealed specific antibodies that target the viral proteins, potentially leading to new cancer immunotherapies and treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Researchers developed Vesalius to interpret complex data on cancer cell interactions, leading to potential discoveries in treating hard-to-treat cancers. The tool analyzes whole tissue architecture to identify predictive biomarkers and inform treatment options based on individual disease types.