Articles tagged with Gene Expression
Researchers develop predictive model to control gene expression with high accuracy, enabling precise modulation of gene dosage. The AI-powered tool uses deep learning to predict on- and off-target activity of RNA-targeting CRISPRs, holding promise for treating viral infections and developing new therapies.
A Japanese research team identified two critical signaling pathways regulating stem cell differentiation in the stomach, promoting healthy homeostasis and protecting against gastric diseases. The study, published in Nature Communications, sheds light on the mechanisms behind cellular renewal and differentiation.
Researchers have developed a sustainable and scalable method to produce therapeutic oligonucleotides, which have the potential to treat various diseases. The new approach uses polymerases to amplify a catalytic DNA template in a single step, addressing challenges associated with current methods.
A recent study published in Nature Neuroscience clarifies the connection between autism and the microbiome, identifying autism-specific metabolic pathways associated with particular human gut microbes. The analysis, which harmonized dozens of previously published datasets, reveals a common microbial signature distinguishing autistic fr...
The study found that multiple copies of two genes, cldnj and fthl27, enable the hadal snailfish to maintain auditory senses and withstand high pressure. The fish's genetic variations allowed it to adapt to the absence of light in the deep sea, with some genes related to circadian rhythms lost.
Researchers mapped aging process in 163 distinct cell types in fruit flies, revealing unique patterns. Neurons age slowly, while muscle and fat cells decline rapidly.
A plant-based, oral delivery of proinsulin regulated blood sugar within 15 minutes similar to naturally secreted insulin in diabetic mice. This method eliminates the need for expensive laboratory equipment and results in a shelf-stable product, making it more affordable and accessible.
Researchers developed a new biological age indicator, DNAmFitAge, that incorporates physical fitness parameters, showing a correlation with lower mortality risk, coronary heart disease risk reduction, and improved disease-free status in physically fit individuals.
A study by Florida Atlantic University and Duke University reveals that the malaria parasite's biological clock is 'in sync' with its human host's circadian clock. The researchers discovered a 'coupling' mechanism between the parasite and its host, which could lead to new treatments for this deadly disease.
Researchers found that malaria parasites synchronize their gene expression with the host's internal clock, repeating every 24 hours. The study reveals a potential new target for anti-malarial drugs by 'jet-lagging' the parasites' clocks.
A phase II trial showed that patients with extensive stage SCLC expressing the Schlafen-11 gene had significantly longer progression-free survival when treated with atezolizumab and talazoparib. The study demonstrates improved outcomes for patients with SLFN11-positive SCLC, paving the way for personalized therapy approaches.
Researchers discovered two new psychrophilic species of bacteria with cold-adapted enzymes, which can be used in biotechnology to produce refrigerated foods, improve detergent quality, and remove pollutants from cold environments. The study was conducted in collaboration with Uruguayan scientists and supported by FAPESP.
Researchers discovered that vascular toxicity linked to these drugs is unrelated to angiogenesis-related genes, but rather due to changes in vascular architecture. This new understanding will help select the most effective and safe way to modulate angiogenesis in ischemic tissues or cancer.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that MAIT cells can be tuned to fight different pathogens via their metabolism, with two distinct subtypes responding to sugar and fat. This discovery may inspire new vaccines and cell therapies to boost the immune response against specific pathogens.
Scientists at Temple University have developed a novel gene-editing strategy that disrupts the ability of HIV-1 virus to enter host cells by targeting a rare genetic disorder. This approach may offer another target for developing next-generation CRISPR technology for HIV elimination, while avoiding adverse effects on cell mortality.
A study reveals a unique epigenetic biotimer mechanism controlling floral meristem termination and stamen development in Arabidopsis thaliana. The team discovered that AGAMOUS serves as a master conductor orchestrating gene expression through cell cycle-coupled H3K27me3 dilution.
Researchers at Macquarie University have discovered how superbug A. baumannii survives harsh environments and resists antibiotics by exploiting its strong drug pumps to expel essential metals from the cell. Disrupting this master regulatory protein, DksA, breaks the pumping system and allows for control of the bug.
The LY6 gene family has been found to be overexpressed in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), leading to poor patient survival. Several LY6 genes have been identified as potential tumor-associated antigens and biomarkers for UCEC detection and prognosis.
Researchers at Washington State University have identified the Arrdc5 gene as a potential target for male contraception. The study found that when this gene is inactivated, it causes significant infertility in males, characterized by decreased sperm count, slowed mobility, and distorted shape.
Researchers generated a POLDIP2 knockout ARPE-19 cell line and found reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels, consistent with upregulated SOD2. The study demonstrates a potential role of POLDIP2 in regulating oxidative stress in AMD.
Scientists discovered that male yellow crazy ants have maternal and paternal genomes in different cells, making them chimeras. This unique phenomenon occurs within a single fertilized egg, contradicting the fundamental law of biological inheritance where all cells should contain the same genome.
A study led by Tokyo University of Science researchers identified Dectin-1's role in promoting colorectal cancer by enhancing PGE2 production and suppressing IL-22BP expression. The study used mouse models and clinical samples to validate the findings, which have immediate clinical implications for CRC patients.
Researchers at UC San Diego and UC Merced developed a high-throughput method to study the circadian clock in real time, shedding light on its internal functions. The study found that kinases play a crucial role in relaying the circadian rhythm from the core oscillator to gene expression.
Researchers from Kyushu University found that the single mechanosensitive protein VGLL3 induces fibrosis, thickening and scarring tissue. The study suggests targeting this protein could lead to new treatments against fibrosis.
Children with Down syndrome are highly vulnerable to developing aggressive leukaemia due to a defect in the RUNX1 gene, which regulates blood cell formation. Researchers have identified a specific variant of the gene that promotes leukaemia development and discovered potential therapeutic approaches to correct this malfunction.
Researchers have identified a new method to predict which sarcoma patients will benefit from a potential new treatment. By inhibiting the plk1 gene, they were able to target and slow down the growth of sarcoma cells. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatment options for sickest sarcoma patients in 5-10 years.
Gene therapy using CRISPR-Cas9 lipid nanoparticles has been shown to be highly effective in reducing target protein expression in mice. The new delivery system increases the efficiency of in vivo gene therapy, paving the way for safe and effective treatment.
Scientists at Max-Planck-Gesellschaft created an interactive atlas of gene expression in the zebrafish brain, revealing hundreds of genes with single-cell resolution. The new map integrates seamlessly with existing data, providing new insights into neural structure and function.
Researchers developed MoBIE, a user-friendly tool for sharing and exploring large image data sets. The tool allows for visualization and analysis of huge amounts of data from hundreds of sources, making it easier for researchers to analyze and interpret microscopy data worldwide.
Scientists at Caltech have developed a method to move and arrange cells using ultrasound waves, which could enable tissue engineering and cell-based therapy. By harnessing the properties of gas vesicles derived from bacteria, researchers can apply force to cells in a selective manner.
Researchers found 21 Alzheimer's disease-related genes associated with obesity, including those linked to neuro-inflammation and amyloid-beta protein deposition. Obesity in midlife and women is more closely linked to dementia risk than late life or men.
A team from Australian National University has modified the protein folding properties of bacteria by adding multiple components from plant chloroplasts. This enables them to study and speed up plant Rubisco, a slow protein that requires 'chaperones' for operation.
Researchers identified apremilast as an incredibly promising treatment for alcohol use disorder, reducing consumption by more than half in a clinical trial. The medication, approved for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, triggers increased activity in the brain's nucleus accumbens to control alcohol intake.
A new study has shed light on the complex interplay between our body clock, sex, and age, revealing sex-dimorphic gene expression rhythms and reduced rhythmic programs with age across various biological functions. These findings may lead to new ways of diagnosing and treating pathologies such as sleep disorders and metabolic diseases.
A recent gene expression study has discovered 45 novel genes associated with body mass index (BMI), shedding light on the biology of obesity and potential treatments. The research, conducted in a diverse multiethnic cohort, highlights the importance of genetic factors in obesity and opens doors to new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
A study involving three volunteers found that skin scars treated with hair follicle transplants exhibited profound architectural and genetic shifts towards healthy, uninjured skin. The findings suggest the potential for new therapies to rejuvenate mature scars and restore organ function.
Researchers found that MMTV-NeuT/ATTAC mice treated with anti-PD-1 therapy developed increased tumor-associated macrophages, EMT, fibroblast proliferation, and enhanced extracellular matrix. These findings suggest potential therapeutic avenues to enhance PD-1 immune checkpoint sensitivity.
UC San Diego researchers have developed a simple quantitative formula to interpret how cells regulate transcription and translation processes. This breakthrough provides insight into how cells process environmental information and modulate behavior, enabling the precise manipulation of protein levels. The study's findings have signific...
A study published in Aging-US reveals changes in gene expression associated with age-related muscle loss and frailty. Researchers identified unique cellular subpopulations in aged and sarcopenic skeletal muscle, which may facilitate the development of new treatments for age-related frailty.
MIT researchers have identified molecules found in mucus that can block cholera infection by interfering with the genes that cause the microbe to switch into a harmful state. The protective molecules, known as glycans, prevent Vibrio cholerae from producing the toxin that usually leads to severe diarrhea.
A new study from the University of Tsukuba identifies a critical signaling pathway within brain cells that regulates both the length and depth of sleep. By manipulating enzymes and proteins, researchers found that altering this pathway can significantly impact sleep duration and quality.
A study found that genetic variants near ERAP2 and TICAM2 provided protection against Yersinia pestis, the bacterium responsible for the Black Death. These variants were also associated with improved detection and resistance to other pathogens, but at a cost: increased risk of autoimmune disorders like Crohn's disease.
A study published in PLoS Genetics reveals the mechanism by which a selfish gene in yeast, wtf4, enables its function using a poison-antidote strategy. This strategy involves the production of poison protein that can kill spores, but is countered by an antidote protein produced only by those spores that inherit the drive allele.
Researchers investigated neuronal response to excessive iron accumulation associated with age-related neurodegenerative diseases. They identified two genes, CLU and HERPUD1, that responded to aging-related iron accumulation, highlighting potential preventative strategies.
Researchers found that women experiencing prolonged mental health issues after childbirth had genetic evidence of higher immune system defense mechanism activation. The study also identified reduced antiviral immune response genes, which may offer protection from pathogens.
Scientists have developed an AI method to pinpoint cells indicative of Alzheimer's disease based on DNA packing in mouse brain images, offering a potential early detection tool. This approach combines multi-scale imaging with artificial intelligence to identify biomarkers for aging-related diseases.
A new study found that early-life experiences can alter gene expression in fruit flies, leading to improved health and extended lifespan. The researchers discovered that changes in chromatin packaging persisted across the lifespan, counteracting normal aging processes.
Researchers have discovered that a specific mutation in the misfolding protein causing Parkinson's disease can also protect against multiple system atrophy (MSA), another fatal neurodegenerative disorder. The findings provide a promising lead for developing targeted treatments using personalized medicine approaches.
Researchers identify INPP5D as a key player in the inflammation process contributing to Alzheimer's disease, which may offer new potential targets for therapies. The study found that mice with inactivated INPP5D gene had more plaques covered by microglia, suggesting unexpected results when modulating inflammation genes.
A recent study reveals that Down syndrome brains develop the same amyloid beta and tau prions as Alzheimer's disease, causing neurological dysfunction. With over 50% of people with Down syndrome developing Alzheimer's by age 40, this discovery offers new insights into the common underlying causes of these two diseases.
A Rice University bioengineer has developed a noninvasive technology to measure gene expression in deep tissues, particularly in the brain. This innovation could improve the monitoring of gene therapy treating neurodegenerative disorders such as epilepsy, ALS, and Huntington's disease.
Researchers discovered that X chromosome is actively silenced in about 4% of male cancer samples, a phenomenon previously seen only in female cells. This finding could lead to new insights into the development and treatment of various types of cancers.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified a promising drug candidate, TYK2 inhibitor, for preventing type 1 diabetes. The study found that inhibiting TYK2 expression reduces the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, but may also reduce beta cell production in earlier stages.
Researchers found that ocean bacteria absorbing carbon dioxide from the air need more energy and resources when infected with viruses and facing predator attacks. This complex interaction can lead to increased carbon sequestration, a key factor in mitigating climate change.
A new study from San Francisco State University suggests that forensic DNA profiling may indirectly reveal medical information, including that of crime victims. Researchers found six associations between CODIS markers and gene expression in white blood cell lines.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have developed a statistical framework called CCPLS that analyzes spatial gene expression data at single-cell resolution. The study found that neighboring cell types influence gene expression variability in ways that were not previously accounted for by existing methods.
Researchers from Aarhus University identified seven genetic variants common to both autism and ADHD, as well as five specific to only one diagnosis. The study suggests a significant overlap in underlying genetic causes and may lead to more precise diagnoses and earlier interventions.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have discovered a rare T cell defect tied to the risk of developing MAC disease. People with this defect have fewer specialized Th1* cells, which robs them of an effective immune response to MAC bacteria.
Researchers have developed a model of how human embryos are formed, revealing that genes are switched on almost immediately after fertilization. This discovery may also shed light on the origins of cancer, which is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have created a tool to identify 'safe harbor' sites for gene therapies, balancing safety and therapeutic expression. The tool uses genomic and epigenetic information to find regions with high variability among healthy individuals, reducing the risk of cancer or other problems.